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Hallucination, i.e., generating factually incorrect content, remains a critical challenge for large language models (LLMs). We introduce TOHA, a TOpology-based HAllucination detector in the RAG setting, which leverages a topological…

Despite significant strides in factual reliability, errors -- often termed hallucinations -- remain a major concern for generative AI, especially as LLMs are increasingly expected to be helpful in more complex or nuanced setups. Yet even in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Gal Yona , Mor Geva , Yossi Matias

Context-grounded hallucinations are cases where model outputs contain information not verifiable against the source text. We study the applicability of LLMs for localizing such hallucinations, as a more practical alternative to existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yehonatan Peisakhovsky , Zorik Gekhman , Yosi Mass , Liat Ein-Dor , Roi Reichart

Large language models are successful in answering factoid questions but are also prone to hallucination. We investigate the phenomenon of LLMs possessing correct answer knowledge yet still hallucinating from the perspective of inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Che Jiang , Biqing Qi , Xiangyu Hong , Dayuan Fu , Yang Cheng , Fandong Meng , Mo Yu , Bowen Zhou , Jie Zhou

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) achieve strong multimodal performance, but still suffer from hallucinations caused by unstable visual grounding and over-reliance on language priors. Existing training-free decoding methods typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xinyun Liu

Vision Language models (VLMs) often hallucinate non-existent objects. Detecting hallucination is analogous to detecting deception: a single final statement is insufficient, one must examine the underlying reasoning process. Yet existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Abin Shoby , Ta Duc Huy , Tuan Dung Nguyen , Minh Khoi Ho , Qi Chen , Anton van den Hengel , Phi Le Nguyen , Johan W. Verjans , Vu Minh Hieu Phan

In the age of misinformation, hallucination - the tendency of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate non-factual or unfaithful responses - represents the main risk for their global utility. Despite LLMs becoming increasingly multilingual,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Saad Obaid ul Islam , Anne Lauscher , Goran Glavaš

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate significant progress in multimodal understanding and reasoning, yet object hallucination remains a critical challenge. While existing research focuses on mitigating language priors or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yuxuan Xia , Siheng Wang , Peng Li

Addressing the issue of hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) is a critical challenge. As the cognitive mechanisms of hallucination have been related to memory, here we explore hallucination for LLM that is enabled with explicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Georgios Kollias , Payel Das , Subhajit Chaudhury

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) can reason from image-text inputs and perform well in various multimodal tasks. Despite this success, they are affected by language priors and often produce hallucinations. Hallucinations denote…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Xinrong Chen , Xu Chu , Yingmin Qiu , Hengyuan Zhang , Jing Xiong , Shiyu Tang , Shuai Liu , Shaokang Yang , Cheng Yang , Hayden Kwok-Hay So , Ngai Wong

Recent development of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) has attracted growing attention within the AI landscape for its practical implementation potential. However, ``hallucination'', or more specifically, the misalignment between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Hanchao Liu , Wenyuan Xue , Yifei Chen , Dapeng Chen , Xiutian Zhao , Ke Wang , Liping Hou , Rongjun Li , Wei Peng

Interpreting the internal behavior of large language models trained on code remains a critical challenge, particularly for applications demanding trust, transparency, and semantic robustness. We propose Code Concept Analysis (CoCoA): a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Arushi Sharma , Vedant Pungliya , Christopher J. Quinn , Ali Jannesari

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities but still suffer from the issue of hallucinations. A significant type of this issue is the false premise hallucination, which we define as the phenomenon when LLMs generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Hongbang Yuan , Pengfei Cao , Zhuoran Jin , Yubo Chen , Daojian Zeng , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Concerns regarding the propensity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to produce inaccurate outputs, also known as hallucinations, have escalated. Detecting them is vital for ensuring the reliability of applications relying on LLM-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Ernesto Quevedo , Jorge Yero , Rachel Koerner , Pablo Rivas , Tomas Cerny

Large Language Models (LLMs) are prone to factual hallucinations, risking their reliability in real-world applications. Existing hallucination detectors mainly extract micro-level intrinsic patterns for uncertainty quantification or elicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Hao Mi , Qiang Sheng , Shaofei Wang , Beizhe Hu , Yifan Sun , Zhengjia Wang , Hengqi Zeng , Yang Li , Danding Wang , Juan Cao

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) integrate audio encoders with pretrained Large Language Models to perform complex multimodal reasoning tasks. While these models can generate Chain-of-Thought (CoT) explanations, the faithfulness of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Pooneh Mousavi , Lovenya Jain , Mirco Ravanelli , Cem Subakan

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across diverse tasks, but they remain susceptible to hallucinations--generating content that appears plausible but contains factual inaccuracies. We present Finch-Zk, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Aman Goel , Daniel Schwartz , Yanjun Qi

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various scientific domains, from natural language processing to complex problem-solving tasks. Their ability to understand and generate human-like text has opened up…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Guangzhi Xiong , Eric Xie , Amir Hassan Shariatmadari , Sikun Guo , Stefan Bekiranov , Aidong Zhang

While humans increasingly rely on large language models (LLMs), they are susceptible to generating inaccurate or false information, also known as "hallucinations". Technical advancements have been made in algorithms that detect hallucinated…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Hyo Jin Do , Rachel Ostrand , Justin D. Weisz , Casey Dugan , Prasanna Sattigeri , Dennis Wei , Keerthiram Murugesan , Werner Geyer

Hallucinations in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) where generated responses fail to accurately reflect the given image pose a significant challenge to their reliability. To address this, we introduce ConVis, a novel training-free…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Yeji Park , Deokyeong Lee , Junsuk Choe , Buru Chang
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