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Artificial intelligence (AI) advancements over the past few years have had an unprecedented and revolutionary impact across everyday application areas. Its significance also extends to technical challenges within science and engineering,…

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medical diagnostics is often hindered by model opacity, where high-accuracy systems function as "black boxes" without transparent reasoning. This limitation is critical in clinical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-23 Pascal Passigan , Vayd Ramkumar

Super-resolution reconstruction techniques entail the utilization of software algorithms to transform one or more sets of low-resolution images captured from the same scene into high-resolution images. In recent years, considerable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Hao Yan , Zixiang Wang , Zhengjia Xu , Zhuoyue Wang , Zhizhong Wu , Ranran Lyu

AI is increasingly used to enhance images and videos, both intentionally and unintentionally. As AI editing tools become more integrated into smartphones, users can modify or animate photos into realistic videos. This study examines the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Pat Pataranutaporn , Chayapatr Archiwaranguprok , Samantha W. T. Chan , Elizabeth Loftus , Pattie Maes

With the growing adoption of AI image generation, in conjunction with the ever-increasing environmental resources demanded by AI, we are urged to answer a fundamental question: What is the environmental impact hidden behind each image we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Giulia Bertazzini , Chiara Albisani , Daniele Baracchi , Dasara Shullani , Roberto Verdecchia

What does Artificial Intelligence (AI) have to contribute to health care? And what should we be looking out for if we are worried about its risks? In this paper we offer a survey, and initial evaluation, of hopes and fears about the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Robert Sparrow , Joshua Hatherley

The synchronic and diachronic study of the evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) unveils one prominent fact that its effect can be traced in almost all fields such as healthcare industry. The growth is perceived holistically in…

Digital pathology is not only one of the most promising fields of diagnostic medicine, but at the same time a hot topic for fundamental research. Digital pathology is not just the transfer of histopathological slides into digital…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-20 Andreas Holzinger , Bernd Malle , Peter Kieseberg , Peter M. Roth , Heimo Müller , Robert Reihs , Kurt Zatloukal

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging technology that has the potential to transform many aspects of society, including the economy, healthcare, and transportation. This article synthesizes recent research literature on the global…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Chandregowda Pachegowda

The brightfield microscope is instrumental in the visual examination of both biological and physical samples at sub-millimeter scales. One key clinical application has been in cancer histopathology, where the microscopic assessment of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Po-Hsuan Cameron Chen , Krishna Gadepalli , Robert MacDonald , Yun Liu , Kunal Nagpal , Timo Kohlberger , Jeffrey Dean , Greg S. Corrado , Jason D. Hipp , Martin C. Stumpe

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now used across nearly every industry, making AI model quality essential for building reliable and trustworthy systems. Historically, correctness has been the main focus, but industry AI models must also…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Chenyu Wang , Zhou Yang , Yunbo Lyu , Ze Shi Li , Daniela Damian , David Lo

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become increasingly central to precision medicine by enabling the integration and interpretation of multimodal data, yet implementation in clinical settings remains limited. This paper provides a scoping…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Göktuğ Bender , Samer Faraj , Anand Bhardwaj

As AI-powered image generation improves, a key question is how well human beings can differentiate between "real" and AI-generated or modified images. Using data collected from the online game "Real or Not Quiz.", this study investigates…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Thomas Roca , Anthony Cintron Roman , Jehú Torres Vega , Marcelo Duarte , Pengce Wang , Kevin White , Amit Misra , Juan Lavista Ferres

Current imaging methods for diagnosing BC are associated with limited sensitivity and specificity and modest positive predictive power. The recent progress in image analysis using artificial intelligence (AI) has created great promise to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-24 Reza Elahi , Mahdis Nazari

Medical image analysis has emerged as an essential element of contemporary healthcare, facilitating physicians in achieving expedited and precise diagnosis. Recent breakthroughs in deep learning, a subset of artificial intelligence, have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-06 Aimina Ali Eli , Abida Ali

Radiologists face increasing workload pressures amid growing imaging volumes, creating risks of burnout and delayed reporting times. While artificial intelligence (AI) based automated radiology report generation shows promise for reporting…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Julián N. Acosta , Siddhant Dogra , Subathra Adithan , Kay Wu , Michael Moritz , Stephen Kwak , Pranav Rajpurkar

Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have made significant progress in the past few years but have only been loosely inter-connected. Based on a workshop held in August 2025, we identify current and future areas of synergism…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Jean-Marc Fellous , Gert Cauwenberghs , Cornelia Fermüller , Yulia Sandamisrkaya , Terrence Sejnowski

This paper examines the recent advances and applications of AI in human geography especially the use of machine (deep) learning, including place representation and modeling, spatial analysis and predictive mapping, and urban planning and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Song Gao

Image retrieval is a crucial research topic in computer vision, with broad application prospects ranging from online product searches to security surveillance systems. In recent years, the accuracy and efficiency of image retrieval have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Kim Jinwoo

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare, including in caring for cancer survivors, has gained significant interest. However, gaps remain in our understanding of how such AI systems can provide care, especially for ethnic and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Elaine Kong , Kuo-Ting , Huang , Aakash Gautam