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Computer-use agents (CUAs) automate on-screen work, as illustrated by GPT-5.4 and Claude. Yet their reliability on complex, low-frequency interactions is still poor, limiting user trust. Our analysis of failure cases from advanced models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Miaosen Zhang , Xiaohan Zhao , Zhihong Tan , Zhou Huoshen , Yijia Fan , Yifan Yang , Kai Qiu , Bei Liu , Justin Wagle , Chenzhong Yin , Mingxi Cheng , Ji Li , Qi Dai , Chong Luo , Xu Yang , Xin Geng , Baining Guo

While specialized AI models excel at isolated video tasks like generation or understanding, real-world applications demand complex, iterative workflows that combine these capabilities. To bridge this gap, we introduce UniVA, an open-source,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Zhengyang Liang , Daoan Zhang , Huichi Zhou , Rui Huang , Bobo Li , Yuechen Zhang , Shengqiong Wu , Xiaohan Wang , Jiebo Luo , Lizi Liao , Hao Fei

We present Seed1.8, a foundation model aimed at generalized real-world agency: going beyond single-turn prediction to multi-turn interaction, tool use, and multi-step execution. Seed1.8 keeps strong LLM and vision-language performance while…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Bytedance Seed

Autonomous agents for long-sequence Graphical User Interface tasks are hindered by sparse rewards and the intractable credit assignment problem. To address these challenges, we introduce GUI-Shepherd, a Process Reward Model that provides…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Cong Chen , Kaixiang Ji , Hao Zhong , Muzhi Zhu , Anzhou Li , Guo Gan , Ziyuan Huang , Cheng Zou , Jiajia Liu , Jingdong Chen , Hao Chen , Chunhua Shen

General virtual agents need to handle multimodal observations, master complex action spaces, and self-improve in dynamic, open-domain environments. However, existing environments are often domain-specific and require complex setups, which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Longtao Zheng , Zhiyuan Huang , Zhenghai Xue , Xinrun Wang , Bo An , Shuicheng Yan

The growing adoption of generative AI (GenAI) is reshaping how user experience (UX) research teams conduct qualitative research in software development, creating opportunities to streamline the production of qualitative insights. This paper…

Computer-use agents face a fundamental limitation. They rely exclusively on primitive GUI actions (click, type, scroll), creating brittle execution chains prone to cascading failures. While API-driven agents harness rich capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yuhao Yang , Zhen Yang , Zi-Yi Dou , Anh Nguyen , Keen You , Omar Attia , Andrew Szot , Michael Feng , Ram Ramrakhya , Alexander Toshev , Chao Huang , Yinfei Yang , Zhe Gan

With the growing reliance on digital devices equipped with graphical user interfaces (GUIs), such as computers and smartphones, the need for effective automation tools has become increasingly important. While multimodal large language…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Jakub Hoscilowicz , Bartosz Maj , Bartosz Kozakiewicz , Oleksii Tymoshchuk , Artur Janicki

While Large Language Model (LLM) agents show great potential for automated UI navigation such as automated UI testing and AI assistants, their efficiency has been largely overlooked. Our motivating study reveals that inefficient UI…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Dezhi Ran , Zhi Gong , Yuzhe Guo , Mengzhou Wu , Yuan Cao , Haochuan Lu , Hengyu Zhang , Xia Zeng , Gang Cao , Liangchao Yao , Yuetang Deng , Wei Yang , Tao Xie

GUI agents that interact with graphical interfaces on behalf of users represent a promising direction for practical AI assistants. However, training such agents is hindered by the scarcity of suitable environments. We present InfiniteWeb, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Ziyun Zhang , Zezhou Wang , Xiaoyi Zhang , Zongyu Guo , Jiahao Li , Bin Li , Yan Lu

As multimodal large language models (MLLMs) advance, MLLM-based virtual agents have demonstrated remarkable performance. However, existing benchmarks face significant limitations, including uncontrollable task complexity, extensive manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Wendong Bu , Yang Wu , Qifan Yu , Minghe Gao , Bingchen Miao , Zhenkui Zhang , Kaihang Pan , Yunfei Li , Mengze Li , Wei Ji , Juncheng Li , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

With VLM-powered computer-using agents (CUAs) becoming increasingly capable at graphical user interface (GUI) navigation and manipulation, reliable step-level decision-making has emerged as a key bottleneck for real-world deployment. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Zhenyu Wu , Jingjing Xie , Zehao Li , Bowen Yang , Qiushi Sun , Zhaoyang Liu , Zhoumianze Liu , Yu Qiao , Xiangyu Yue , Zun Wang , Zichen Ding

Graphical user interface (GUI) agents autonomously complete tasks across platforms (\eg, Linux) by sequentially decomposing user instructions into action proposals that iteratively interact with visual elements in the evolving environment.…

Recent advancements in vision-language models have increased interest in Device-Control Agents (DC agents) for managing graphical user interfaces (GUIs). With the growing complexity and integration of such agents into various applications,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Shaoqing Zhang , Kehai Chen , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rumei Li , Rongxiang Weng , Yang Xiang , Min Zhang

Recent advances in deep reinforcement learning and scalable photorealistic simulation have led to increasingly mature embodied AI for various visual tasks, including navigation. However, while impressive progress has been made for teaching…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Naoki Yokoyama , Qian Luo , Dhruv Batra , Sehoon Ha

Multimodal large language models are evolving toward multimodal agents capable of proactively executing tasks. Most agent research focuses on GUI or embodied scenarios, which correspond to agents interacting with 2D virtual worlds or 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Longrong Yang , Zhixiong Zeng , Yufeng Zhong , Jing Huang , Liming Zheng , Lei Chen , Haibo Qiu , Zequn Qin , Lin Ma , Xi Li

Data science and engineering workflows often span multiple stages, from warehousing to orchestration, using tools like BigQuery, dbt, and Airbyte. As vision language models (VLMs) advance in multimodal understanding and code generation,…

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled the development of mobile agents that can understand visual inputs and follow user instructions, unlocking new possibilities for automating complex tasks on mobile…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Ning Li , Xiangmou Qu , Jiamu Zhou , Jun Wang , Muning Wen , Kounianhua Du , Xingyu Lou , Qiuying Peng , Jun Wang , Weinan Zhang

GUI testing checks if a software system behaves as expected when users interact with its graphical interface, e.g., testing specific functionality or validating relevant use case scenarios. Currently, deciding what to test at this high…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Juyeon Yoon , Robert Feldt , Shin Yoo

Pursuing human-like interaction for Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents requires understanding the GUI context and following user instructions. However, existing works typically couple these two aspects and focus more on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Huawen Shen , Chang Liu , Gengluo Li , Xinlong Wang , Yu Zhou , Can Ma , Xiangyang Ji