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Existing math datasets evaluate the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) by either using the final answer or the intermediate reasoning steps derived from static examples. However, the former approach fails to surface model's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Xiaodong Yu , Ben Zhou , Hao Cheng , Dan Roth

Decision-making in complex systems often relies on machine learning models, yet highly accurate models such as XGBoost and neural networks can obscure the reasoning behind their predictions. In operations research applications,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Gaurav Arwade , Sigurdur Olafsson

Program translation is a growing demand in software engineering. Manual program translation requires programming expertise in source and target language. One way to automate this process is to make use of the big data of programs, i.e., Big…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Binger Chen , Ziawasch Abedjan

This paper investigates the failure cases and out-of-distribution behavior of transformers trained on matrix inversion and eigenvalue decomposition. I show that incorrect model predictions still retain deep mathematical properties of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 François Charton

We consider ways to construct a transducer for a given set of input word to output symbol pairs. This is motivated by the need for representing game playing programs in a low-level mathematical format that can be analyzed by algebraic…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Attila Egri-Nagy , Chrystopher L. Nehaniv

Transformer-based models generate hidden states that are difficult to interpret. In this work, we analyze hidden states and modify them at inference, with a focus on motion forecasting. We use linear probing to analyze whether interpretable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Omer Sahin Tas , Royden Wagner

Automatic code transformation in which transformations are tuned for specific applications and contexts are difficult to achieve in an accessible manner. In this paper, we present an approach to build application specific code…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-01-21 Matthew J. Sottile , Geoffrey C. Hulette

Deep Learning architectures, and in particular Transformers, are conventionally viewed as a composition of layers. These layers are actually often obtained as the sum of two contributions: a residual path that copies the input and the…

Recent advancements in large pre-trained transformer models (GPT2/3, T5) have found use in program synthesis to generate programs that satisfy a set of input/output examples. However, these models perform poorly on long-horizon and low-data…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Jack Roper

Our goal is to create an interactive natural language interface that efficiently and reliably learns from users to complete tasks in simulated robotics settings. We introduce a neural semantic parsing system that learns new high-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Siddharth Karamcheti , Dorsa Sadigh , Percy Liang

Looped Transformers have shown exceptional neural algorithmic reasoning capability in simulating traditional graph algorithms, but their application to more complex structures like hypergraphs remains underexplored. Hypergraphs generalize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zekai Huang , Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Zhen Zhuang

Reversibility is a key issue in the interface between computation and physics, and of growing importance as miniaturization progresses towards its physical limits. Most foundational work on reversible computing to date has focussed on…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-12-01 Samson Abramsky

In this paper, we survey the complexity of distinct methods that allow the programmer to synthesize a sup-interpretation, a function providing an upper- bound on the size of the output values computed by a program. It consists in a static…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-11-29 Romain Péchoux

Implicit computational complexity, which aims at characterizing complexity classes by machine-independent means, has traditionally been based, on the one hand, on programs and deductive formalisms for free algebras, and on the other hand on…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-02-12 Daniel Leivant , Jean-Yves Marion

This paper bridges the gap between mathematical heuristic strategies learned from Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) in automated agent negotiation, and comprehensible, natural language explanations. Our aim is to make these strategies more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Pallavi Bagga , Kostas Stathis

We show how the complexity of higher-order functional programs can be analysed automatically by applying program transformations to a defunctionalized versions of them, and feeding the result to existing tools for the complexity analysis of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-06-17 Martin Avanzini , Ugo Dal Lago , Georg Moser

To improve the explainability of leading Transformer networks used in NLP, it is important to tease apart genuine symbolic rules from merely associative input-output patterns. However, we identify several inconsistencies in how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Tommi Gröndahl , Yujia Guo , N. Asokan

It has been observed that transformers with greater depth (that is, more layers) have more capabilities, but can we establish formally which capabilities are gained? We answer this question with a theoretical proof followed by an empirical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Andy Yang , Michaël Cadilhac , David Chiang

Machine learning algorithms often assume that training samples are independent. When data points are connected by a network, the induced dependency between samples is both a challenge, reducing effective sample size, and an opportunity to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-22 Tiffany M. Tang , Elizaveta Levina , Ji Zhu

When training automated systems, it has been shown to be beneficial to adapt the representation of data by learning a problem-specific metric. This metric is global. We extend this idea and, for the widely used family of k nearest neighbors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Jan Philip Göpfert , Heiko Wersing , Barbara Hammer