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Text-to-Image models, including Stable Diffusion, have significantly improved in generating images that are highly semantically aligned with the given prompts. However, existing models may fail to produce appropriate images for the cultural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Suchae Jeong , Inseong Choi , Youngsik Yun , Jihie Kim

This paper presents a novel approach to enhance image-to-image generation by leveraging the multimodal capabilities of the Large Language and Vision Assistant (LLaVA). We propose a framework where LLaVA analyzes input images and generates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Zhicheng Ding , Panfeng Li , Qikai Yang , Siyang Li

In the current study,we propose that, in the era of generative AI, there is now a new form of literacy called "prompt literacy," which refers to the ability to generate precise prompts as input for AI systems, interpret the outputs, and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Yohan Hwang , Jang Ho Lee , Dongkwang Shin

Advancements in prompt tuning of vision-language models have underscored their potential in enhancing open-world visual concept comprehension. However, prior works only primarily focus on single-mode (only one prompt for each modality) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Dongsheng Wang , Miaoge Li , Xinyang Liu , MingSheng Xu , Bo Chen , Hanwang Zhang

We present a framework for optimizing prompts in vision-language models to elicit multimodal reasoning without model retraining. Using an evolutionary algorithm to guide prompt updates downstream of visual tasks, our approach improves upon…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Sid Bharthulwar , John Rho , Katrina Brown

Image editing affords increased control over the aesthetics and content of generated images. Pre-existing works focus predominantly on text-based instructions to achieve desired image modifications, which limit edit precision and accuracy.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Bowen Li , Yongxin Yang , Steven McDonagh , Shifeng Zhang , Petru-Daniel Tudosiu , Sarah Parisot

Impressive advances in text-to-image (T2I) generative models have yielded a plethora of high performing models which are able to generate aesthetically appealing, photorealistic images. Despite the progress, these models still struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Oscar Mañas , Pietro Astolfi , Melissa Hall , Candace Ross , Jack Urbanek , Adina Williams , Aishwarya Agrawal , Adriana Romero-Soriano , Michal Drozdzal

Generative AI (GenAI) systems offer unprecedented opportunities for transforming professional and personal work, yet present challenges around prompting, evaluating and relying on outputs, and optimizing workflows. We argue that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Lev Tankelevitch , Viktor Kewenig , Auste Simkute , Ava Elizabeth Scott , Advait Sarkar , Abigail Sellen , Sean Rintel

The "Gen-AI-tecture" project embeds a locally executed, discipline-specific tool into a mixed-methods focus-group design, structured around three research objectives: (a) to evaluate how generative AI tools impact students' creativity in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Timo Kapsalis

This paper examines the art practices, artwork, and motivations of prolific users of the latest generation of text-to-image models. Through interviews, observations, and a user survey, we present a sampling of the artistic styles and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Minsuk Chang , Stefania Druga , Alex Fiannaca , Pedro Vergani , Chinmay Kulkarni , Carrie Cai , Michael Terry

Sketching is a widely used medium for generating and exploring early-stage design concepts. While generative AI (GenAI) chatbots are increasingly used for idea generation, designers often struggle to craft effective prompts and find it…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Weiyan Shi , Sunaya Upadhyay , Geraldine Quek , Kenny Tsu Wei Choo

While supervised learning has achieved significant success in computer vision tasks, acquiring high-quality annotated data remains a bottleneck. This paper explores both scholarly and non-scholarly works in AI-assistive deep learning image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Moseli Mots'oehli

Prompt tuning has become a new paradigm for model tuning and it has demonstrated success in natural language pretraining and even vision pretraining. In this work, we explore the transfer of prompt tuning to multimodal pretraining, with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Hao Yang , Junyang Lin , An Yang , Peng Wang , Chang Zhou , Hongxia Yang

Generative image modeling techniques such as GAN demonstrate highly convincing image generation result. However, user interaction is often necessary to obtain the desired results. Existing attempts add interactivity but require either…

Graphics · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Toby Chong Long Hin , I-Chao Shen , Issei Sato , Takeo Igarashi

Generative AI (GenAI) systems are inherently non-deterministic, producing varied outputs even for identical inputs. While this variability is central to their appeal, it challenges established HCI evaluation practices that typically assume…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Hyerim Park , Khanh Huynh , Malin Eiband , Jeremy Dillmann , Sven Mayer , Michael Sedlmair

Generative AI, specifically text-to-image models, have revolutionized interior architectural design by enabling the rapid translation of conceptual ideas into visual representations from simple text prompts. While generative AI can produce…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Richa Gupta , Alexander Htet Kyaw

Layout design, such as user interface or graphical layout in general, is fundamentally an iterative revision process. Through revising a design repeatedly, the designer converges on an ideal layout. In this paper, we investigate how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Tao Li , Chin-Yi Cheng , Amber Xie , Gang Li , Yang Li

Prompt tuning for vision-language models such as CLIP involves optimizing the text prompts used to generate image-text pairs for specific downstream tasks. While hand-crafted or template-based prompts are generally applicable to a wider…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Qian Zhang

We consider the problem of customizing text-to-image diffusion models with user-supplied reference images. Given new prompts, the existing methods can capture the key concept from the reference images but fail to align the generated image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Aishwarya Agarwal , Srikrishna Karanam , Balaji Vasan Srinivasan

Despite impressive recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models, obtaining high-quality images often requires prompt engineering by humans who have developed expertise in using them. In this work, we present NeuroPrompts, an adaptive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Shachar Rosenman , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard