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Supervised imitation learning, also known as behavioral cloning, suffers from distribution drift leading to failures during policy execution. One approach to mitigate this issue is to allow an expert to correct the agent's actions during…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Trevor Ablett , Filip Marić , Jonathan Kelly

We present modality gap, an intriguing geometric phenomenon of the representation space of multi-modal models. Specifically, we show that different data modalities (e.g. images and text) are embedded at arm's length in their shared…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Weixin Liang , Yuhui Zhang , Yongchan Kwon , Serena Yeung , James Zou

Reward-model-based fine-tuning is a central paradigm in aligning Large Language Models with human preferences. However, such approaches critically rely on the assumption that proxy reward models accurately reflect intended supervision, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zixuan Liu , Siavash H. Khajavi , Guangkai Jiang , Xinru Liu

Humanoid whole-body locomotion control is a critical approach for humanoid robots to leverage their inherent advantages. Learning-based control methods derived from retargeted human motion data provide an effective means of addressing this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Zewen He , Chenyuan Chen , Dilshod Azizov , Yoshihiko Nakamura

In real-world sequential decision making tasks like autonomous driving, robotics, and healthcare, learning from observed state-action trajectories is critical for tasks like imitation, classification, and clustering. For example,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Zichang Ge , Changyu Chen , Arunesh Sinha , Pradeep Varakantham

We address goal-based imitation learning, where the aim is to output the symbolic goal from a third-person video demonstration. This enables the robot to plan for execution and reproduce the same goal in a completely different environment.…

Imitation learning by behavioral cloning is a prevalent method that has achieved some success in vision-based autonomous driving. The basic idea behind behavioral cloning is to have the neural network learn from observing a human expert's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Yuying Chen , Congcong Liu , Lei Tai , Ming Liu , Bertram E. Shi

Pretrained imitation policies have become a strong foundation for robot manipulation, but they often require online improvement to overcome execution errors, limited dataset coverage, and deployment mismatch. A central question is therefore…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Dongjie Yu , Kun Lei , Zhennan Jiang , Jia Pan , Huazhe Xu

Robotic tasks which involve uncertainty--due to variation in goal, environment configuration, or confidence in task model--may require human input to instruct or adapt the robot. In tasks with physical contact, several existing methods for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Kevin Haninger , Christian Hegeler , Luka Peternel

Humans often learn how to perform tasks via imitation: they observe others perform a task, and then very quickly infer the appropriate actions to take based on their observations. While extending this paradigm to autonomous agents is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Faraz Torabi , Garrett Warnell , Peter Stone

To ensure user acceptance of autonomous vehicles (AVs), control systems are being developed to mimic human drivers from demonstrations of desired driving behaviors. Imitation learning (IL) algorithms serve this purpose, but struggle to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Flavia Sofia Acerbo , Jan Swevers , Tinne Tuytelaars , Tong Duy Son

A fundamental bottleneck in human-AI collaboration is the ``intention expression gap," the difficulty for humans to effectively convey complex, high-dimensional thoughts to AI. This challenge often traps users in inefficient trial-and-error…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jianwen Sun , Yukang Feng , Yifan Chang , Chuanhao Li , Zizhen Li , Jiaxin Ai , Fanrui Zhang , Yu Dai , Kaipeng Zhang

Imitation learning from human motion capture (MoCap) data provides a promising way to train humanoid robots. However, due to differences in morphology, such as varying degrees of joint freedom and force limits, exact replication of human…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Wenshuai Zhao , Yi Zhao , Joni Pajarinen , Michael Muehlebach

We focus on human-robot collaborative transport, in which a robot and a user collaboratively move an object to a goal pose. In the absence of explicit communication, this problem is challenging because it demands tight implicit coordination…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Elvin Yang , Christoforos Mavrogiannis

Learning control policies offline from pre-recorded datasets is a promising avenue for solving challenging real-world problems. However, available datasets are typically of mixed quality, with a limited number of the trajectories that we…

Imitation learning enables robots to learn new tasks from human examples. One fundamental limitation while learning from humans is causal confusion. Causal confusion occurs when the robot's observations include both task-relevant and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Robert Ramirez Sanchez , Heramb Nemlekar , Shahabedin Sagheb , Cara M. Nunez , Dylan P. Losey

Human-robot co-carrying tasks reveal their potential in both industrial and everyday applications by leveraging the strengths of both parties. Effective control of robots in these tasks requires managing the energy level in the closed-loop…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Dang Van Trong , Hiroki Kotake , Sumitaka Honji , Takahiro Wada

Learning robotic manipulation from human videos is a promising solution to the data bottleneck in robotics, but the distribution shift between humans and robots remains a critical challenge. Existing approaches often produce entangled…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Zhiyuan Li , Wenyan Yang , Wenshuai Zhao , Yue Ma , Yuanpeng Tu , Pekka Marttinen , Joni Pajarinen

Mimicry is a fundamental learning mechanism in humans, enabling individuals to learn new tasks by observing and imitating experts. However, applying this ability to robots presents significant challenges due to the inherent differences…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Hanjung Kim , Jaehyun Kang , Hyolim Kang , Meedeum Cho , Seon Joo Kim , Youngwoon Lee

Imitation learning seeks to circumvent the difficulty in designing proper reward functions for training agents by utilizing expert behavior. With environments modeled as Markov Decision Processes (MDP), most of the existing imitation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Dripta S. Raychaudhuri , Sujoy Paul , Jeroen van Baar , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury