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Federated learning (FL) is an effective paradigm for enhancing the learning capability of edge devices while preserving data privacy. In geographically dispersed FL systems, such as sensor networks in remote areas, unmanned aerial vehicles…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Shiqian Guo , Jianqing Liu , Beatriz Lorenzo

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm which coordinates multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model via a central server. Sequential Federated Learning (SFL) is a newly-emerging FL training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Haotian Xu , Jinrui Zhou , Xichong Zhang , Mingjun Xiao , He Sun , Yin Xu

In federated distributed learning, the goal is to optimize a global training objective defined over distributed devices, where the data shard at each device is sampled from a possibly different distribution (a.k.a., heterogeneous or non…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Farzin Haddadpour , Mehrdad Mahdavi

Federated learning often suffers from slow and unstable convergence due to the heterogeneous characteristics of participating client datasets. Such a tendency is aggravated when the client participation ratio is low since the information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Geeho Kim , Jinkyu Kim , Bohyung Han

The heterogeneity of hardware and data is a well-known and studied problem in the community of Federated Learning (FL) as running under heterogeneous settings. Recently, custom-size client models trained with Knowledge Distillation (KD) has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Hongrui Shi , Valentin Radu , Po Yang

Distributed and federated learning are essential paradigms for training models across decentralized data sources while preserving privacy, yet communication overhead remains a major bottleneck. This dissertation explores strategies to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Kai Yi

Federated learning (FL) is a popular privacy-preserving paradigm that enables distributed clients to collaboratively train models with a central server while keeping raw data locally. In practice, distinct model architectures, varying data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yuting Ma , Lechao Cheng , Yaxiong Wang , Zhun Zhong , Xiaohua Xu , Meng Wang

Federated learning, as a promising distributed learning paradigm, enables collaborative training of a global model across multiple network edge clients without the need for central data collecting. However, the heterogeneity of edge data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Xingyan Chen , Tian Du , Mu Wang , Tiancheng Gu , Yu Zhao , Gang Kou , Changqiao Xu , Dapeng Oliver Wu

Federated Learning (FL) plays a critical role in distributed systems. In these systems, data privacy and confidentiality hold paramount importance, particularly within edge-based data processing systems such as IoT devices deployed in smart…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Humaid Ahmed Desai , Amr Hilal , Hoda Eldardiry

Federated fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) is obstructed by a trilemma of challenges: protecting LLMs intellectual property (IP), ensuring client privacy, and mitigating performance loss on heterogeneous data. Existing methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Tao Fan , Guoqiang Ma , Yuanfeng Song , Lixin Fan , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Decentralized federated learning (DFL) captures FL settings where both (i) model updates and (ii) model aggregations are exclusively carried out by the clients without a central server. Existing DFL works have mostly focused on settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Shahryar Zehtabi , Dong-Jun Han , Rohit Parasnis , Seyyedali Hosseinalipour , Christopher G. Brinton

The Federated Learning (FL) paradigm is known to face challenges under heterogeneous client data. Local training on non-iid distributed data results in deflected local optimum, which causes the client models drift further away from each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Renjie Pi , Weizhong Zhang , Yueqi Xie , Jiahui Gao , Xiaoyu Wang , Sunghun Kim , Qifeng Chen

Decentralized Federated Learning (DFL) has emerged as a robust distributed paradigm that circumvents the single-point-of-failure and communication bottleneck risks of centralized architectures. However, a significant challenge arises as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Lianshuai Guo , Zhongzheng Yuan , Xunkai Li , Yinlin Zhu , Meixia Qu , Wenyu Wang

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have become a cornerstone of modern natural language processing, with their capabilities extending across a wide range of applications and languages. However, the fine-tuning of multilingual LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Wanru Zhao , Yihong Chen , Royson Lee , Xinchi Qiu , Yan Gao , Hongxiang Fan , Nicholas D. Lane

Federated Learning (FL) is a well-known framework for successfully performing a learning task in an edge computing scenario where the devices involved have limited resources and incomplete data representation. The basic assumption of FL is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Lorenzo Valerio , Chiara Boldrini , Andrea Passarella , János Kertész , Márton Karsai , Gerardo Iñiguez

Federated learning (FL) allows multiple clients to collectively train a high-performance global model without sharing their private data. However, the key challenge in federated learning is that the clients have significant statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Liang Gao , Huazhu Fu , Li Li , Yingwen Chen , Ming Xu , Cheng-Zhong Xu

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple resource-constrained edge devices with varying levels of heterogeneity to collaboratively train a global model. However, devices with limited capacity can create bottlenecks and slow down model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Afsaneh Mahanipour , Hana Khamfroush

Low-dose CT (LDCT) reduces radiation exposure but introduces protocol-dependent noise and artifacts that vary across institutions. While federated learning enables collaborative training without centralizing patient data, existing methods…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Anas Zafar , Muhammad Waqas , Amgad Muneer , Rukhmini Bandyopadhyay , Jia Wu

Prototype-based federated learning has emerged as a promising approach that shares lightweight prototypes to transfer knowledge among clients with data heterogeneity in a model-agnostic manner. However, existing methods often collect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yanbing Zhou , Xiangmou Qu , Chenlong You , Jiyang Zhou , Jingyue Tang , Xin Zheng , Chunmao Cai , Yingbo Wu

Federated learning (FL) has shown great potential in medical image computing since it provides a decentralized learning paradigm that allows multiple clients to train a model collaboratively without privacy leakage. However, current studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Meilu Zhu , Qiushi Yang , Zhifan Gao , Yixuan Yuan , Jun Liu