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The Grover algorithm is a crucial solution for addressing unstructured search problems and has emerged as an essential quantum subroutine in various complex algorithms. By using a different approach with previous studies, this research…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-04 Yifan Sun , Lian-Ao Wu

Grover's algorithm, orginally conceived as a means of searching an unordered database, can also be used to extract solutions from the result sets generated by quantum computations. The Grover algorithm exploits the concept of an oracle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-19 Fintan M. Bolton

Grover's algorithm is one of the pioneering demonstrations of the advantages of quantum computing over its classical counterpart, providing - at most - a quadratic speed-up over the classical solution for unstructured database search. The…

This article introduces an enhancement to the Grover search algorithm to speed up computing the probability of finding good states. It suggests incorporating a rotation phase angle determined mathematically from the derivative of the model…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-13 Ismael Abdulrahman

The search for "a quantum needle in a quantum haystack" is a metaphor for the problem of finding out which one of a permissible set of unitary mappings---the oracles---is implemented by a given black box. Grover's algorithm solves this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-19 Arun Sehrawat , Le Huy Nguyen , Berthold-Georg Englert

The success probability of a search of $M$ targets from a database of size $N$, using Grover's search algorithm depends critically on the number of iterations of the composite operation of the oracle followed by Grover's diffusion…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-24 Simanraj Sadana

Grover's algorithm is a fundamental quantum algorithm that offers a quadratic speedup for the unstructured search problem by alternately applying physically implementable oracle and diffusion operators. In this paper, we reformulate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Zhijian Lai , Dong An , Jiang Hu , Zaiwen Wen

L. K. Grover's search algorithm in quantum computing gives an optimal, quadratic speedup in the search for a single object in a large unsorted database. In this paper, we generalize Grover's algorithm in a Hilbert-space framework for both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Goong Chen , Stephen A. Fulling , Jeesen Chen

Grover's quantum search algorithm is analyzed for the case in which the initial state is an arbitrary pure quantum state $|\phi>$ of $n$ qubits. It is shown that the optimal time to perform the measurement is independent of $| \phi>$,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 O. Biham , D. Shapira , Y. Shimoni

Grover's algorithm for quantum searching is generalized to deal with arbitrary initial complex amplitude distributions. First order linear difference equations are found for the time evolution of the amplitudes of the marked and unmarked…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Eli Biham , Ofer Biham , David Biron , Markus Grassl , Daniel A. Lidar

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most extensively researched and widely applied combinatorial optimization problems. It is NP-hard even in the symmetric and metric case. Building upon elaborate research, state-of-the-art…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Sabrina C. L. Ammann , Birte Ostermann , Sebastian Stiller , Timo de Wolff

We present a continuous time quantum search algorithm analogous to Grover's. In particular, the optimal search time for this algorithm is proportional to $\sqrt{N}$, where $N$ is the database size. This search algorithm can be implemented…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 A. Romanelli , A. Auyuanet , R. Donangelo

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classic NP-hard combinatorial optimization task with numerous practical applications. Classic heuristic solvers can attain near-optimal performance for small problem instances, but become…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Michael Li , Eric Bae , Christopher Haberland , Natasha Jaques

Grover's quantum search algorithm drives a quantum computer from a prepared initial state to a desired final state by using selective transformations of these states. Here, we analyze a framework when one of the selective trasformations is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Avatar Tulsi

Grover's algorithm is a fundamental quantum algorithm that achieves a quadratic speedup for unstructured search problems of size $N$. Recent studies have reformulated this task as a maximization problem on the unitary manifold and solved it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Zhijian Lai , Dong An , Jiang Hu , Zaiwen Wen

This paper concerns the Grover algorithm that permits to make amplification of quantum states previously tagged by an Oracle. Grover's algorithm allows searches in an unstructure database of n entries finding a marked element with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-08 Gérard Fleury , Philippe Lacomme

We present a scheme to prepare a quantum state in a ion trap with probability approaching to one by means of ion trap quantum computing and Grover's quantum search algorithm acting on trapped ions.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-17 Hao-Sheng Zeng , Le-Man Kuang

We generalize Grover algorithm with two arbitrary phases in a density matrix set up. We give exact analytic expressions for the success probability after arbitrary number of iteration of the generalized Grover operator as a function of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-01 Saptarshi Roy Chowdhury , Swarupananda Pradhan

Grover's algorithm is a quantum query algorithm solving the unstructured search problem of size $N$ using $O(\sqrt{N})$ queries. It provides a significant speed-up over any classical algorithm \cite{Gro96}. The running time of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-24 Dmitry Kravchenko , Nikolajs Nahimovs , Alexander Rivosh

In the multitarget Grover algorithm, we are given an unstructured N-element list of objects S_i containing a T-element subset tau and function f, called an oracle, such that f(S_i)=1 if S_i is in tau, otherwise f(S_i) = 0. By using quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Keith Kastella , Richard Freeling