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Recent LLMs like DeepSeek-R1 have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance by integrating deep thinking and complex reasoning during generation. However, the internal mechanisms behind these reasoning processes remain unexplored. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Andrey Galichin , Alexey Dontsov , Polina Druzhinina , Anton Razzhigaev , Oleg Y. Rogov , Elena Tutubalina , Ivan Oseledets

Reasoning models have demonstrated remarkable progress in solving complex and logic-intensive tasks by generating extended Chain-of-Thoughts (CoTs) prior to arriving at a final answer. Yet, the emergence of this "slow-thinking" paradigm,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Sicheng Feng , Gongfan Fang , Xinyin Ma , Xinchao Wang

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) introduce new opportunities for safety monitoring through their Chain of Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, CoT is not always faithful to the model's final output, undermining its reliability as a monitoring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Maciej Chrabąszcz , Aleksander Szymczyk , Marcin Sendera , Tomasz Trzciński , Sebastian Cygert

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning has significantly improved the performance of large multimodal models in language-guided segmentation, yet its prohibitive computational cost, stemming from generating verbose rationales, limits real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Qing Zhou , Shiyu Zhang , Yuyu Jia , Junyu Gao , Weiping Ni , Junzheng Wu , Qi Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been touted as AI models possessing advanced reasoning abilities. In theory, autoregressive LLMs with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) can perform more serial computations to solve complex reasoning tasks. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Rishi Hazra , Gabriele Venturato , Pedro Zuidberg Dos Martires , Luc De Raedt

Logical reasoning is a critical benchmark for evaluating the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), as it reflects their ability to derive valid conclusions from given premises. While the combination of test-time scaling with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Ramya Keerthy Thatikonda , Wray Buntine , Ehsan Shareghi

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced complex reasoning capabilities, particularly through extended chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning that incorporates mechanisms such as backtracking,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Baohao Liao , Xinyi Chen , Sara Rajaee , Yuhui Xu , Christian Herold , Anders Søgaard , Maarten de Rijke , Christof Monz

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have recently demonstrated impressive capabilities in complex reasoning tasks by leveraging increased test-time computation and exhibiting behaviors reminiscent of human-like self-reflection. While LRMs show a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Qingcheng Zeng , Weihao Xuan , Leyang Cui , Rob Voigt

This paper explores the system 1 thinking capability of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), the intuitive ability to respond efficiently with minimal token usage. While existing LRMs rely on long-chain reasoning and excel at complex tasks, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Wenyuan Zhang , Shuaiyi Nie , Xinghua Zhang , Zefeng Zhang , Tingwen Liu

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning has emerged as an effective approach for activating latent capabilities in LLMs. Interestingly, we observe that both CoT reasoning and self-training share the core objective: iteratively leveraging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zongqian Wu , Baoduo Xu , Ruochen Cui , Mengmeng Zhan , Xiaofeng Zhu , Lei Feng

Large Language Models (LLMs) consistently benefit from scaled Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, but also suffer from heavy computational overhead. To address this issue, efficient reasoning aims to incentivize short yet accurate thinking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Taiqiang Wu , Zenan Xu , Bo Zhou , Ngai Wong

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate the ability to solve reasoning and mathematical problems using the Chain-of-Thought (CoT) technique. Expanding CoT length, as seen in models such as DeepSeek-R1, significantly enhances this reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Zihao Li , Xu Wang , Yuzhe Yang , Ziyu Yao , Haoyi Xiong , Mengnan Du

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) exhibit remarkable reasoning abilities but rely primarily on parametric knowledge, limiting factual accuracy. While recent works equip reinforcement learning (RL)-based LRMs with retrieval capabilities, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhicheng Lee , Shulin Cao , Jinxin Liu , Jiajie Zhang , Weichuan Liu , Xiaoyin Che , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) represent a breakthrough in AI problem-solving capabilities, but their effectiveness in interactive environments can be limited. This paper introduces and analyzes overthinking in LRMs. A phenomenon where…

Recent large reasoning models such as DeepSeek-R1 exhibit strong complex problems solving abilities by generating long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning steps. It is challenging to directly train small language models (SLMs) to emerge long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Zhaoyang Wang , Jinqi Jiang , Tian Qiu , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Huaxiu Yao

Self-Consistency mitigates hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) by sampling multiple reasoning paths,but it lacks a systematic approach to determine the optimal number of samples or select the most faithful rationale. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Guangya Wan , Yuqi Wu , Jie Chen , Sheng Li

Recent studies have shown that making a model spend more time thinking through longer Chain of Thoughts (CoTs) enables it to gain significant improvements in complex reasoning tasks. While current researches continue to explore the benefits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Wenkai Yang , Shuming Ma , Yankai Lin , Furu Wei

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) often suffer from overthinking, generating verbose reasoning traces that compromise both computational efficiency and interpretability. Unlike prior efforts that rely on global length-based rewards, we propose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jialiang Hong , Taihang Zhen , Kai Chen , Jiaheng Liu , Junlan Feng , Wenpeng Zhu , Jing Huo , Yang Gao , Depeng Wang , Haitao Wan , Xi Yang , Boyan Wang , Fanyu Meng , Yuyao Zhang

Large reasoning models (LRMs) are proficient at generating explicit, step-by-step reasoning sequences before producing final answers. However, such detailed reasoning can introduce substantial computational overhead and latency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Songjun Tu , Jiahao Lin , Qichao Zhang , Xiangyu Tian , Linjing Li , Xiangyuan Lan , Dongbin Zhao

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved remarkable performance on complex tasks by engaging in extended reasoning before producing final answers, yet this strength introduces the risk of overthinking, where excessive token generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Shu Yang , Junchao Wu , Xuansheng Wu , Derek Wong , Ninhao Liu , Di Wang