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Temporal Knowledge Graphs (TKGs) store temporal facts with quadruple formats (s, p, o, t). Existing Temporal Knowledge Graph Embedding (TKGE) models perform link prediction tasks in transductive or semi-inductive settings, which means the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jiaxin Pan , Mojtaba Nayyeri , Osama Mohammed , Daniel Hernandez , Rongchuan Zhang , Cheng Cheng , Steffen Staab

The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have ignited interest in the temporal knowledge graph (tKG) domain, where conventional embedding-based and rule-based methods dominate. The question remains open of whether pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Ruotong Liao , Xu Jia , Yangzhe Li , Yunpu Ma , Volker Tresp

Temporal knowledge graph (TKG) reasoning is a crucial task that has gained increasing research interest in recent years. Most existing methods focus on reasoning at past timestamps to complete the missing facts, and there are only a few…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Haohai Sun , Jialun Zhong , Yunpu Ma , Zhen Han , Kun He

Temporal knowledge graph reasoning (TKGR) is increasingly gaining attention for its ability to extrapolate new events from historical data, thereby enriching the inherently incomplete temporal knowledge graphs. Existing graph-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Jinze Sun , Yongpan Sheng , Lirong He , Yongbin Qin , Ming Liu , Tao Jia

In this paper, we investigate a realistic but underexplored problem, called few-shot temporal knowledge graph reasoning, that aims to predict future facts for newly emerging entities based on extremely limited observations in evolving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Ruijie Wang , Zheng Li , Dachun Sun , Shengzhong Liu , Jinning Li , Bing Yin , Tarek Abdelzaher

Compared with static knowledge graphs, temporal knowledge graphs (tKG), which can capture the evolution and change of information over time, are more realistic and general. However, due to the complexity that the notion of time introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Siheng Xiong , Yuan Yang , Faramarz Fekri , James Clayton Kerce

Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG), which characterizes temporally evolving facts in the form of (subject, relation, object, timestamp), has attracted much attention recently. TKG reasoning aims to predict future facts based on given historical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Zhongni Hou , Xiaolong Jin , Zixuan Li , Long Bai , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG) reasoning focuses on predicting events through historical information within snapshots distributed on a timeline. Existing studies mainly concentrate on two perspectives of leveraging the history of TKGs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jinchuan Zhang , Ming Sun , Chong Mu , Jinhao Zhang , Quanjiang Guo , Ling Tian

Temporal Graph Learning, which aims to model the time-evolving nature of graphs, has gained increasing attention and achieved remarkable performance recently. However, in reality, graph structures are often incomplete and noisy, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Haozhen Zhang , Xueting Han , Xi Xiao , Jing Bai

Temporal knowledge graph (TKG) completion models typically rely on having access to the entire graph during training. However, in real-world scenarios, TKG data is often received incrementally as events unfold, leading to a dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Mehrnoosh Mirtaheri , Mohammad Rostami , Aram Galstyan

Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG) reasoning that forecasts future events based on historical snapshots distributed over timestamps is denoted as extrapolation and has gained significant attention. Owing to its extreme versatility and variation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Jinchuan Zhang , Bei Hui , Chong Mu , Ling Tian

Temporal knowledge graph (TKG) reasoning has become a hot topic due to its great value in many practical tasks. The key to TKG reasoning is modeling the structural information and evolutional patterns of the TKGs. While great efforts have…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yuwei Du , Xinyue Liu , Wenxin Liang , Linlin Zong , Xianchao Zhang

Temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) represent time-stamped relational facts and support a wide range of reasoning tasks over evolving events. However, existing methods produce entity representations that are static at the entity level, in that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Seunghan Lee , Jun Seo , Jaehoon Lee , Sungdong Yoo , Minjae Kim , Tae Yoon Lim , Dongwan Kang , Hwanil Choi , SoonYoung Lee , Wonbin Ahn

Future link prediction is a fundamental challenge in various real-world dynamic systems. To address this, numerous temporal graph neural networks (temporal GNNs) and benchmark datasets have been developed. However, these datasets often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Lu Yi , Jie Peng , Yanping Zheng , Fengran Mo , Zhewei Wei , Yuhang Ye , Yue Zixuan , Zengfeng Huang

Temporal Knowledge Graphs (TKGs) incorporate temporal information to reflect the dynamic structural knowledge and evolutionary patterns of real-world facts. Nevertheless, TKGs are still limited in downstream applications due to the problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Jinchuan Zhang , Tianqi Wan , Chong Mu , Guangxi Lu , Ling Tian

Reasoning in a temporal knowledge graph (TKG) is a critical task for information retrieval and semantic search. It is particularly challenging when the TKG is updated frequently. The model has to adapt to changes in the TKG for efficient…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Jiapeng Wu , Yishi Xu , Yingxue Zhang , Chen Ma , Mark Coates , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung

Modeling time-evolving knowledge graphs (KGs) has recently gained increasing interest. Here, graph representation learning has become the dominant paradigm for link prediction on temporal KGs. However, the embedding-based approaches largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Zhen Han , Peng Chen , Yunpu Ma , Volker Tresp

Temporal Knowledge Graph (TKG) representation learning aims to map temporal evolving entities and relations to embedded representations in a continuous low-dimensional vector space. However, existing approaches cannot capture the temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Qian Chen , Ling Chen

Temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) inherently reflect the transient nature of real-world knowledge, as opposed to static knowledge graphs. Naturally, automatic TKG completion has drawn much research interests for a more realistic modeling of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Jaehun Jung , Jinhong Jung , U Kang

In the last few years, the solution to Knowledge Graph (KG) completion via learning embeddings of entities and relations has attracted a surge of interest. Temporal KGs(TKGs) extend traditional Knowledge Graphs (KGs) by associating static…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Zhongwu Chen , Chengjin Xu , Fenglong Su , Zhen Huang , You Dou