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Large multimodal models (LMMs) have rapidly advanced in perception and reasoning; however, it remains unclear whether these capabilities generalize to discovering visually grounded solutions in open-ended environments, beyond pattern…

Video foundation models generate visually realistic and temporally coherent content, but their reliability as world simulators depends on whether they capture physical, logical, and spatial constraints. Existing metrics such as Frechet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Zefan Cai , Haoyi Qiu , Tianyi Ma , Haozhe Zhao , Gengze Zhou , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Parisa Kordjamshidi , Minjia Zhang , Wen Xiao , Jiuxiang Gu , Nanyun Peng , Junjie Hu

Unified understanding and generation is a highly appealing research direction in multimodal learning. There exist two approaches: one trains a transformer via an auto-regressive paradigm, and the other adopts a two-stage scheme connecting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Shihao Zhao , Yitong Chen , Zeyinzi Jiang , Bojia Zi , Shaozhe Hao , Yu Liu , Chaojie Mao , Kwan-Yee K. Wong

Currently, enhancing Unified Multimodal Models (UMMs) with image understanding, generation, and editing capabilities mainly relies on mixed multi-task training. Due to inherent task conflicts, such strategy requires complex multi-stage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Dian Zheng , Manyuan Zhang , Hongyu Li , Hongbo Liu , Kai Zou , Kaituo Feng , Hongsheng Li

We investigate how to generate multimodal image outputs, such as RGB, depth, and surface normals, with a single generative model. The challenge is to produce outputs that are realistic, and also consistent with each other. Our solution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Zhen Zhu , Yijun Li , Weijie Lyu , Krishna Kumar Singh , Zhixin Shu , Soeren Pirk , Derek Hoiem

The field of visual question answering (VQA) has recently seen a surge in research focused on providing explanations for predicted answers. However, current systems mostly rely on separate models to predict answers and generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Chenxi Whitehouse , Tillman Weyde , Pranava Madhyastha

Unified multimodal models (UMMs) integrate visual understanding and generation within a single framework. For text-to-image (T2I) tasks, this unified capability allows UMMs to refine outputs after their initial generation, potentially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jiayi Guo , Linqing Wang , Jiangshan Wang , Yang Yue , Zeyu Liu , Zhiyuan Zhao , Qinglin Lu , Gao Huang , Chunyu Wang

We investigated visual reasoning limitations of both multimodal large language models (MLLMs) and image generation models (IGMs) by creating a novel benchmark to systematically compare failure modes across image-to-text and text-to-image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Aahana Basappa , Pranay Goel , Anusri Karra , Anish Karra , Asa Gilmore , Kevin Zhu

Humans possess spatial reasoning abilities that enable them to understand spaces through multimodal observations, such as vision and sound. Large multimodal reasoning models extend these abilities by learning to perceive and reason, showing…

Fine-grained image-text alignment is a pivotal challenge in multimodal learning, underpinning key applications such as visual question answering, image captioning, and vision-language navigation. Unlike global alignment, fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jiale Liu , Haoming Zhou , Yishu Liu , Bingzhi Chen , Yuncheng Jiang

Classification and segmentation are crucial in medical image analysis as they enable accurate diagnosis and disease monitoring. However, current methods often prioritize the mutual learning features and shared model parameters, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Kai Ren , Ke Zou , Xianjie Liu , Yidi Chen , Xuedong Yuan , Xiaojing Shen , Meng Wang , Huazhu Fu

Developing a universal model that can effectively harness heterogeneous resources and respond to a wide range of personalized needs has been a longstanding community aspiration. Our daily choices, especially in domains like fashion and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Tianxin Wei , Bowen Jin , Ruirui Li , Hansi Zeng , Zhengyang Wang , Jianhui Sun , Qingyu Yin , Hanqing Lu , Suhang Wang , Jingrui He , Xianfeng Tang

Reasoning is central to human intelligence, enabling structured problem-solving across diverse tasks. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have greatly enhanced their reasoning abilities in arithmetic, commonsense, and symbolic…

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) demonstrate impressive problem-solving skills in many tasks and domains. However, their ability to reason with complex images in academic domains has not been systematically…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Chenghao Ma , Haihong E. , Junpeng Ding , Jun Zhang , Ziyan Ma , Huang Qing , Bofei Gao , Liang Chen , Yifan Zhu , Meina Song

Visual generation models have made remarkable progress in creating realistic images from text prompts, yet struggle with complex prompts that specify multiple objects with precise spatial relationships and attributes. Effective handling of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Chengqi Duan , Rongyao Fang , Yuqing Wang , Kun Wang , Linjiang Huang , Xingyu Zeng , Hongsheng Li , Xihui Liu

Humans paint images incrementally: they plan a global layout, sketch a coarse draft, inspect, and refine details, and most importantly, each step is grounded in the evolving visual states. However, can unified multimodal models trained on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Lei Zhang , Junjiao Tian , Zhipeng Fan , Kunpeng Li , Jialiang Wang , Weifeng Chen , Markos Georgopoulos , Felix Juefei-Xu , Yuxiang Bao , Julian McAuley , Manling Li , Zecheng He

Multimodal generative models have made significant strides in image editing, demonstrating impressive performance on a variety of static tasks. However, their proficiency typically does not extend to complex scenarios requiring dynamic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Zhiqiang Sheng , Xumeng Han , Zhiwei Zhang , Zenghui Xiong , Yifan Ding , Aoxiang Ping , Xiang Li , Tong Guo , Yao Mao

Driving World Models (DWMs) have been developing rapidly with the advances of generative models. However, existing DWMs lack 3D scene understanding capabilities and can only generate content conditioned on input data, without the ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Tianchen Deng , Xuefeng Chen , Yi Chen , Qu Chen , Yuyao Xu , Lijin Yang , Le Xu , Yu Zhang , Bo Zhang , Wuxiong Huang , Hesheng Wang

Existed pre-training methods either focus on single-modal tasks or multi-modal tasks, and cannot effectively adapt to each other. They can only utilize single-modal data (i.e. text or image) or limited multi-modal data (i.e. image-text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Wei Li , Can Gao , Guocheng Niu , Xinyan Xiao , Hao Liu , Jiachen Liu , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

We present UniGen-1.5, a unified multimodal large language model (MLLM) for advanced image understanding, generation and editing. Building upon UniGen, we comprehensively enhance the model architecture and training pipeline to strengthen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Rui Tian , Mingfei Gao , Haiming Gang , Jiasen Lu , Zhe Gan , Yinfei Yang , Zuxuan Wu , Afshin Dehghan