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Detecting mind wandering is crucial in online education, and it occurs 30% of the time, as it directly impacts learners' retention, comprehension, and overall success in self-directed learning environments. Integrating automated detection…

With the rapid adoption of AI tools in learning contexts, it is vital to understand how these systems shape users' reading processes and cognitive engagement. We collected and analyzed text from 124 sessions with AI tools, in which students…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yue Fu , Alexis Hiniker

With the rise of large language models such as ChatGPT, interest has grown in understanding how these tools influence learning in STEM education, including physics. This study explores how students use ChatGPT during a physics…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-10-01 Qurat-ul-Ann Mirza , N. Sanjay Rebello

Immersive learning environments such as virtual classrooms in Virtual Reality (VR) offer learners unique learning experiences, yet providing effective learner support remains a challenge. While prior HCI research has explored in-lecture…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Shi Liu , Martin Feick , Linus Bierhoff , Alexander Maedche

Through in-class observations of teaching assistants (TAs) and students in the lab sections of a large introductory physics course, we study which TA behaviors can be used to predict student engagement and, in turn, how this engagement…

Physics Education · Physics 2015-06-16 Jared B. Stang , Ido Roll

In this paper, we present an approach in the Multimodal Learning Analytics field. Within this approach, we have developed a tool to visualize and analyze eye movement data collected during learning sessions in online courses. The tool is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Miriam Navarro , Álvaro Becerra , Roberto Daza , Ruth Cobos , Aythami Morales , Julian Fierrez

Student engagement is a key construct for learning and teaching. While most of the literature explored the student engagement analysis on computer-based settings, this paper extends that focus to classroom instruction. To best examine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Ömer Sümer , Patricia Goldberg , Sidney D'Mello , Peter Gerjets , Ulrich Trautwein , Enkelejda Kasneci

This study examines the impact of an AI instructional agent on students' perceived learner control and academic performance in a medium demanding course with lecturing as the main teaching strategy. Based on a randomized controlled trial,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Fei Qin , Zhanxin Hao , Jifan Yu , Zhiyuan Liu , Yu Zhang

We conducted an eye-tracking study where 30 participants performed searches on the web. We measured their topical knowledge before and after each task. Their eye-fixations were labelled as "reading" or "scanning". The series of reading…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Nilavra Bhattacharya , Jacek Gwizdka

The scope of this paper was to find out how the students in Computer Science perceive different teaching styles and how the teaching style impacts the learning desire and interest in the course. To find out, we designed and implemented an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Manuela Petrescu , Kuderna Bentasup

AI technologies that sense student attention and emotions to enable more personalised teaching interventions are increasingly promoted, but raise pressing questions about student learning, well-being, and ethics. In particular, students'…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Bingyi Han , Ying Ma , Simon Coghlan , Dana McKay , George Buchanan , Wally Smith

The interplay between text and visualization is gaining importance for media where traditional text is enriched by visual elements to improve readability and emphasize facts. In two controlled eye-tracking experiments ($N=12$), we approach…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Franziska Huth , Maurice Koch , Miriam Awad , Daniel Weiskopf , Kuno Kurzhals

Understanding how people allocate visual attention is central to Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), yet existing computational models of attention are often either descriptive, task-specific, or difficult to interpret. My dissertation…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yunpeng Bai

Students often drift in and out of focus during class. Effective teachers recognize this and re-engage them when necessary. With the shift to remote learning, teachers have lost the visual feedback needed to adapt to varying student…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Aimar Silvan Ortubay , Lucas C. Parra , Jens Madsen

The objective of our study is to ascertain the present learning behaviors, driving forces, and assessment techniques as perceived by first-year students, and to examine them through the lens of the most recent developments (pandemic, shift…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Manuela Andreea Petrescu , Tudor Dan Mihoc

With rapid developments in consumer-level head-mounted displays and computer graphics, immersive VR has the potential to take online and remote learning closer to real-world settings. However, the effects of such digital transformations on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Hong Gao , Efe Bozkir , Lisa Hasenbein , Jens-Uwe Hahn , Richard Göllner , Enkelejda Kasneci

Each year, multi-modal interaction continues to grow within both industry and academia. However, researchers have yet to fully explore the impact of multi-modal systems on learning and memory retention. This research investigates how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Omar Elgohary , Zhu-Tien

Teachers' visual attention and its distribution across the students in classrooms can constitute important implications for student engagement, achievement, and professional teacher training. Despite that, inferring the information about…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Efe Bozkir , Christian Kosel , Tina Seidel , Enkelejda Kasneci

Human errors in performing security-critical tasks are typically blamed on the complexity of those tasks. However, such errors can also occur because of (possibly unexpected) sensory distractions. A sensory distraction that produces…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-06-02 Bruce Berg , Tyler Kaczmarek , Alfred Kobsa , Gene Tsudik

In online education, innovative tools are crucial for enhancing learning outcomes. SAM (Study with AI Mentor) is an advanced platform that integrates educational videos with a context-aware chat interface powered by large language models.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Anna Bodonhelyi , Enkeleda Thaqi , Süleyman Özdel , Efe Bozkir , Enkelejda Kasneci