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AI agents are increasingly deployed in complex, interactive environments, yet their runtime remains a major bottleneck for training, evaluation, and real-world use. Typical agent behavior unfolds sequentially, with each action requiring an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Naimeng Ye , Arnav Ahuja , Georgios Liargkovas , Yunan Lu , Kostis Kaffes , Tianyi Peng

AI systems are becoming active participants in organizational and knowledge work. They increasingly interact with humans, coordinate workflows, and operate in multi-agent arrangements. Understanding their effects therefore requires more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yingjie Zhang , Chun Feng , Weizhang Zhu , Tianshu Sun

Autonomous data analysis agents are increasingly expected to conduct exploratory analysis with limited human guidance about data. However, existing benchmarks typically evaluate such agents in prior-guided settings, providing selected data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Qiaohong Zhang , Weihao Ye , Jialong Chen , Yi Luo , BoYuan Li , Bowen Deng , Zibin Zheng , Jianhao Lin , Wei-Shi Zheng , Chuan Chen

Workspace learning requires AI agents to identify, reason over, exploit, and update explicit and implicit dependencies among heterogeneous files in a worker's workspace, enabling them to complete both routine and advanced tasks effectively.…

This paper presents the "isolate first, then share" OS model in which the processor cores, memory, and devices are divided up between disparate OS instances and a new abstraction, subOS, is proposed to encapsulate an OS instance that can be…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2017-10-27 Gang Lu , Jianfeng Zhan , Chongkang Tan , Xinlong Lin , Defei Kong , Chen Zheng , Fei Tang , Cheng Huang , Lei Wang , Tianshu Hao

This paper considers the problem of efficient exploration of unseen environments, a key challenge in AI. We propose a `learning to explore' framework where we learn a policy from a distribution of environments. At test time, presented with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Hanjun Dai , Yujia Li , Chenglong Wang , Rishabh Singh , Po-Sen Huang , Pushmeet Kohli

Recent advancements in Large Language Model (LLM) agents have enabled complex multi-turn agentic tasks requiring extensive tool calling, where conversations can span dozens of API calls with increasingly large context windows. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Elias Lumer , Faheem Nizar , Akshaya Jangiti , Kevin Frank , Anmol Gulati , Mandar Phadate , Vamse Kumar Subbiah

Current mobile context-aware applications for pervasive environments have been designed to consume information from computational nodes or devices in their surroundings or environments. As the hardware industry continues making much…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-07-01 Nevin Vunka Jungum , Nawaz Mohamudally , Nimal Nissanke

The transition of Large Language Models (LLMs) from passive code generators to autonomous agents introduces significant safety risks, specifically regarding destructive commands and inconsistent system states. Existing commercial solutions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Boyang Yan

Large Language Model agents increasingly operate external systems through programmatic interfaces, yet practitioners lack empirical guidance on how to structure the context these agents consume. Using SQL generation as a proxy for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Damon McMillan

Recent advancements in tree search algorithms guided by verifiers have significantly enhanced the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), but at the cost of increased computational resources. In this work, we identify two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ante Wang , Linfeng Song , Ye Tian , Dian Yu , Haitao Mi , Xiangyu Duan , Zhaopeng Tu , Jinsong Su , Dong Yu

Self-supervised goal proposal and reaching is a key component for exploration and efficient policy learning algorithms. Such a self-supervised approach without access to any oracle goal sampling distribution requires deep exploration and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Homanga Bharadhwaj , Animesh Garg , Florian Shkurti

AI for science promises to accelerate the discovery process. The advent of large language models (LLMs) and agentic workflows enables the expediting of a growing range of scientific tasks. However, most of the current generation of agentic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zijian Zhang , Aiwei Yin , Amaan Baweja , Jiaru Bai , Ignacio Gustin , Varinia Bernales , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

AI agents have become increasingly adept at complex tasks such as coding, reasoning, and multimodal understanding. However, building generalist systems requires moving beyond individual agents to collective inference -- a paradigm where…

Recent progress in (Large) Language Models (LMs) has enabled the development of autonomous LM-based agents capable of executing complex tasks with minimal supervision. These agents have started to be integrated into systems with significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Federico Villa , F. Betül Durak , Tadayoshi Kohno , Tapdig Maharramli , Franziska Roesner

Speculative decoding is widely adopted to reduce latency in large language model (LLM) inference by leveraging smaller draft models capable of handling diverse user tasks. However, emerging AI applications, such as LLM-based agents, present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Gabriele Oliaro , Zhihao Jia , Daniel Campos , Aurick Qiao

This review critically distinguishes between AI Agents and Agentic AI, offering a structured, conceptual taxonomy, application mapping, and analysis of opportunities and challenges to clarify their divergent design philosophies and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ranjan Sapkota , Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Manoj Karkee

Despite the promise of autonomous agentic reasoning, existing workflow generation methods frequently produce fragile, unexecutable plans due to unconstrained LLM-driven construction. We introduce MermaidFlow, a framework that redefines the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Chengqi Zheng , Jianda Chen , Yueming Lyu , Wen Zheng Terence Ng , Haopeng Zhang , Yew-Soon Ong , Ivor Tsang , Haiyan Yin

Large language model (LLM)-based computer use agents execute user commands by interacting with available UI elements, but little is known about how users want to interact with these agents or what design factors matter for their user…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ruijia Cheng , Jenny T. Liang , Eldon Schoop , Jeffrey Nichols

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed robotics, healthcare, industry, and scientific discovery, yet a major frontier may lie beyond Earth. Space exploration and settlement offer vast environments and resources, but impose constraints…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ziyang Wang