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We consider the problem of personalised news recommendation where each user consumes news in a sequential fashion. Existing personalised news recommendation methods focus on exploiting user interests and ignores exploration in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Mengyan Zhang , Thanh Nguyen-Tang , Fangzhao Wu , Zhenyu He , Xing Xie , Cheng Soon Ong

Exposure bias is a well-known issue in recommender systems where items and suppliers are not equally represented in the recommendation results. This bias becomes particularly problematic over time as a few items are repeatedly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Masoud Mansoury , Bamshad Mobasher , Herke van Hoof

We test whether LLMs show robust decision biases. Treating models as participants in two-arm bandits, we ran 20000 trials per condition across four decoding configurations. Under symmetric rewards, models amplified positional order into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Haomiaomiao Wang , Tomás E Ward , Lili Zhang

Recommendation systems now pervade the digital world, ranging from advertising to entertainment. However, it remains challenging to implement effective recommendation systems in the physical world, such as in mobility or health. This work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Tianyue Zhou , Jung-Hoon Cho , Cathy Wu

The rapid pace at which new large language models (LLMs) appear, and older ones become obsolete, forces providers to manage a streaming inventory under a strict concurrency cap and per-query cost budgets. We cast this as an online decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Shaoang Li , Jian Li

In academic literature, recommender systems are often evaluated on the task of next-item prediction. The procedure aims to give an answer to the question: "Given the natural sequence of user-item interactions up to time t, can we predict…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Olivier Jeunen , David Rohde , Flavian Vasile

User preferences follow a dynamic pattern over a day, e.g., at 8 am, a user might prefer to read news, while at 8 pm, they might prefer to watch movies. Time modeling aims to enable recommendation systems to perceive time changes to capture…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Yongchun Zhu , Jingwu Chen , Ling Chen , Yitan Li , Feng Zhang , Zuotao Liu

A sensing policy for the restless multi-armed bandit problem with stationary but unknown reward distributions is proposed. The work is presented in the context of cognitive radios in which the bandit problem arises when deciding which parts…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-11-20 Jan Oksanen , Visa Koivunen , H. Vincent Poor

Interactive recommender systems that enable the interactions between users and the recommender system have attracted increasing research attentions. Previous methods mainly focus on optimizing recommendation accuracy. However, they usually…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Yong Liu , Yingtai Xiao , Qiong Wu , Chunyan Miao , Juyong Zhang

Despite their success in many domains, large language models (LLMs) remain under-studied in scenarios requiring optimal decision-making under uncertainty. This is crucial as many real-world applications, ranging from personalized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Allen Nie , Yi Su , Bo Chang , Jonathan N. Lee , Ed H. Chi , Quoc V. Le , Minmin Chen

Contextual multi-armed bandit (MAB) achieves cutting-edge performance on a variety of problems. When it comes to real-world scenarios such as recommendation system and online advertising, however, it is essential to consider the resource…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Mengyue Yang , Qingyang Li , Zhiwei Qin , Jieping Ye

Time-constrained decision processes have been ubiquitous in many fundamental applications in physics, biology and computer science. Recently, restart strategies have gained significant attention for boosting the efficiency of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Semih Cayci , Atilla Eryilmaz , R. Srikant

Multi-modal large language model (MLLM) inference scheduling enables strong response quality under practical and heterogeneous budgets, beyond what a homogeneous single-backend setting can offer. Yet online MLLM task scheduling is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Xianzhi Zhang , Yue Xu , Yinlin Zhu , Di Wu , Yipeng Zhou , Miao Hu , Guocong Quan

Contextual bandits (CB) are online sequential decision-making problems under partial feedback that underpin many adaptive services. There is a growing demand to deploy CB agents directly on-device, under strict constraints on memory,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Marco Angioli , Kevin Johansson , Antonello Rosato , Amy Loutfi , Denis Kleyko

Bandits with preference feedback present a powerful tool for optimizing unknown target functions when only pairwise comparisons are allowed instead of direct value queries. This model allows for incorporating human feedback into online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Barna Pásztor , Parnian Kassraie , Andreas Krause

Thanks to the power of representation learning, neural contextual bandit algorithms demonstrate remarkable performance improvement against their classical counterparts. But because their exploration has to be performed in the entire neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yiling Jia , Weitong Zhang , Dongruo Zhou , Quanquan Gu , Hongning Wang

We study the problem of real time data capture on social media. Due to the different limitations imposed by those media, but also to the very large amount of information, it is impossible to collect all the data produced by social networks…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Thibault Gisselbrecht

We study online meta-learning with bandit feedback, with the goal of improving performance across multiple tasks if they are similar according to some natural similarity measure. As the first to target the adversarial online-within-online…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Mikhail Khodak , Ilya Osadchiy , Keegan Harris , Maria-Florina Balcan , Kfir Y. Levy , Ron Meir , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Restless multi-armed bandits (RMAB) have demonstrated success in optimizing resource allocation for large beneficiary populations in public health settings. Unfortunately, RMAB models lack flexibility to adapt to evolving public health…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Nikhil Behari , Edwin Zhang , Yunfan Zhao , Aparna Taneja , Dheeraj Nagaraj , Milind Tambe

We study the stream-based online active learning in a contextual multi-armed bandit framework. In this framework, the reward depends on both the arm and the context. In a stream-based active learning setting, obtaining the ground truth of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-13 Linqi Song