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Generative recommendation is emerging as a transformative paradigm by directly generating recommended items, rather than relying on matching. Building such a system typically involves two key components: (1) optimizing the tokenizer to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yimeng Bai , Chang Liu , Yang Zhang , Dingxian Wang , Frank Yang , Andrew Rabinovich , Wenge Rong , Fuli Feng

Recently, generative recommendation has emerged as a promising paradigm, attracting significant research attention. The basic framework involves an item tokenizer, which represents each item as a sequence of codes serving as its identifier,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Bowen Zheng , Hongyu Lu , Yu Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized the capabilities of text comprehension and generation. Multi-modal generation attracts great attention from both the industry and academia, but there is little work on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Xiaoteng Shen , Rui Zhang , Xiaoyan Zhao , Jieming Zhu , Xi Xiao

Recent advances in generative recommendation have leveraged pretrained LLMs by formulating sequential recommendation as autoregressive generation over a unified token space comprising language tokens and itemic identifiers, where each item…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Yingzhi He , Yan Sun , Junfei Tan , Yuxin Chen , Xiaoyu Kong , Chunxu Shen , Xiang Wang , An Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Utilizing powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) for generative recommendation has attracted much attention. Nevertheless, a crucial challenge is transforming recommendation data into the language space of LLMs through effective item…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Wenjie Wang , Honghui Bao , Xinyu Lin , Jizhi Zhang , Yongqi Li , Fuli Feng , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

Sequential recommender systems rank relevant items by modeling a user's interaction history and computing the inner product between the resulting user representation and stored item embeddings. To avoid the significant memory overhead of…

This paper argues that generating output tokens is more effective than using pooled representations for prediction tasks because token-level generation retains more mutual information. Since LLMs are trained on massive text corpora using…

In recent years, large language models (LLM) have emerged as powerful tools for diverse natural language processing tasks. However, their potential for recommender systems under the generative recommendation paradigm remains relatively…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Jianchao Ji , Zelong Li , Shuyuan Xu , Wenyue Hua , Yingqiang Ge , Juntao Tan , Yongfeng Zhang

Generative recommendation (GR) models generate items by autoregressively producing a sequence of discrete tokens that jointly index the target item. However, this autoregressive generation process also induces a structured decoding space…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yupeng Hou , Haven Kim , Clark Mingxuan Ju , Eduardo Escoto , Neil Shah , Julian McAuley

Generative recommendation autoregressively generates item identifiers to recommend potential items. Existing methods typically adopt a one-to-one mapping strategy, where each item is represented by a single identifier. However, this scheme…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Bowen Zheng , Enze Liu , Zhongfu Chen , Zhongrui Ma , Yue Wang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Generative recommendation (GR) is an emerging paradigm that tokenizes items into discrete tokens and learns to autoregressively generate the next tokens as predictions. While this token-generation paradigm is expected to surpass traditional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Yijie Ding , Jiacheng Li , Julian McAuley , Yupeng Hou

In the past year, Generative Recommendations (GRs) have undergone substantial advancements, especially in leveraging the powerful sequence modeling and reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance overall recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Zhen Yang , Haitao Lin , Jiawei xue , Ziji Zhang

Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for generative recommendation has attracted significant research interest, where item tokenization is a critical step. It involves assigning item identifiers for LLMs to encode user history and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xinyu Lin , Haihan Shi , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Qifan Wang , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

LLMs have become the mainstream approaches to code generation. Existing LLMs mainly employ autoregressive generation, i.e. generating code token-by-token from left to right. However, the underlying autoregressive generation has two…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Chengze Li , Yitong Zhang , Jia Li , Liyi Cai , Ge Li

Generative recommendation models sequence generation to produce items end-to-end, but training from behavioral logs often provides weak supervision on underlying user intent. Although Large Language Models (LLMs) offer rich semantic priors…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Jie Jiang , Hongbo Tang , Wenjie Wu , Yangru Huang , Zhenmao Li , Qian Li , Changping Wang , Jun Zhang , Huan Yu

Large Language Model (LLM)-based generative recommendation has achieved notable success, yet its practical deployment is costly particularly due to excessive inference latency caused by autoregressive decoding. For lossless LLM decoding…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Xinyu Lin , Chaoqun Yang , Wenjie Wang , Yongqi Li , Cunxiao Du , Fuli Feng , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

A widely held hypothesis for why generative recommendation (GR) models outperform conventional item ID-based models is that they generalize better. However, there is few systematic way to verify this hypothesis beyond a superficial…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yijie Ding , Zitian Guo , Jiacheng Li , Letian Peng , Shuai Shao , Wei Shao , Xiaoqiang Luo , Luke Simon , Jingbo Shang , Julian McAuley , Yupeng Hou

Sequential Recommender Systems (SRS), which model a user's interaction history to predict the next item of interest, are widely used in various applications. However, existing SRS often struggle with low-popularity items, a challenge known…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Qidong Liu , Xian Wu , Wanyu Wang , Yejing Wang , Yuanshao Zhu , Xiangyu Zhao , Feng Tian , Yefeng Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong potential for generative recommendation by leveraging rich semantic knowledge. However, existing LLM-based recommender systems struggle to effectively incorporate collaborative filtering…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Fake Lin , Binbin Hu , Zhi Zheng , Xi Zhu , Ziqi Liu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou , Tong Xu

Generative recommendation (GR) has become a powerful paradigm in recommendation systems that implicitly links modality and semantics to item representation, in contrast to previous methods that relied on non-semantic item identifiers in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jing Zhu , Mingxuan Ju , Yozen Liu , Danai Koutra , Neil Shah , Tong Zhao