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Related papers: Agent-Fence: Mapping Security Vulnerabilities Acro…

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The robustness of LLMs to jailbreak attacks, where users design prompts to circumvent safety measures and misuse model capabilities, has been studied primarily for LLMs acting as simple chatbots. Meanwhile, LLM agents -- which use external…

Embodied agents powered by large language models (LLMs) inherit advanced planning capabilities; however, their direct interaction with the physical world exposes them to safety vulnerabilities. In this work, we identify four key reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ruolin Chen , Yinqian Sun , Jihang Wang , Mingyang Lv , Qian Zhang , Yi Zeng

Existing Agent benchmarks suffer from two critical limitations: high environment interaction overhead (up to 41\% of total evaluation time) and imbalanced task horizon and difficulty distributions that make aggregate scores unreliable. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Wang Yang , Chaoda Song , Xinpeng Li , Debargha Ganguly , Chuang Ma , Shouren Wang , Zhihao Dou , Yuli Zhou , Vipin Chaudhary , Xiaotian Han

Designing realistic and adaptive networked threat scenarios remains a core challenge in cybersecurity research and training, still requiring substantial manual effort. While large language models (LLMs) show promise for automated synthesis,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Ana M. Rodriguez , Jaime Acosta , Anantaa Kotal , Aritran Piplai

As artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly deployed across critical domains, their security vulnerabilities pose growing risks of high-profile exploits and consequential system failures. Yet systematic approaches to evaluating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Mikko Lempinen , Joni Kemppainen , Niklas Raesalmi

Large Language Models increasingly power critical infrastructure from healthcare to finance, yet their vulnerability to adversarial manipulation threatens system integrity and user safety. Despite growing deployment, no comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Taiwo Onitiju , Iman Vakilinia

Despite the growing capabilities of autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs), their adoption in high-stakes domains remains limited. A key barrier is security: the inherently nondeterministic behavior of LLM agents defies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Adam AlSayyad , Kelvin Yuxiang Huang , Richik Pal

AI agent systems increasingly rely on reusable non-LLM engineering infrastructure that packages tool mediation, context handling, delegation, safety control, and orchestration. Yet the architectural design decisions in this surrounding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hu Wei

AI agents that autonomously interact with external tools and environments have shown great promise across real-world applications. However, their reliance on external data exposes them to serious indirect prompt injection attacks, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hao Li , Ruoyao Wen , Shanghao Shi , Ning Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Chaowei Xiao

Third-party skills are becoming the package ecosystem for LLM agents. They package natural-language instructions, helper scripts, templates, documents, and service configuration into reusable workflows. This makes skills useful, but it also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Haomin Zhuang , Hanwen Xing , Yujun Zhou , Yuchen Ma , Yue Huang , Yili Shen , Yufei Han , Xiangliang Zhang

The rapid evolution of sophisticated cyberattacks has strained modern Security Operations Centers (SOC), which traditionally rely on rule-based or signature-driven detection systems. These legacy frameworks often generate high volumes of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Chuanming Tang , Ling Qing , Shifeng Chen

We localize the policy routing mechanism in alignment-trained language models. An intermediate-layer attention gate reads detected content and triggers deeper amplifier heads that boost the signal toward refusal. In smaller models the gate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Gregory N. Frank

Autonomous agents have rapidly matured as task executors and seen widespread deployment via harnesses such as OpenClaw. Safety concerns have rightly drawn growing research attention, and beneath them lie the values silently steering agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haonan Dong , Qiguan Feng , Kehan Jiang , Haoran Ye , Xin Zhang , Guojie Song

Background. Traditional safety benchmarks for language models evaluate generated text: whether a model outputs toxic language, reproduces bias, or follows harmful instructions. When models are deployed as agents, the safety-relevant object…

As coding agents gain access to shells, repositories, and user files, least-privilege authorization becomes a prerequisite for safe deployment: an agent should receive enough authority to complete the task, without unnecessary authority…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Zheng Yan , Jingxiang Weng , Charles Chen , Dengyun Peng , Ethan Qin , Jiannan Guan , Jinhao Liu , Qiming Yu , Yixin Yuan , Fanqing Meng , Carl Che , Mengkang Hu

Large language model (LLM) agents are rapidly becoming trusted copilots in high-stakes domains like software development and healthcare. However, this deepening trust introduces a novel attack surface: Agent-Mediated Deception (AMD), where…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xinfeng Li , Shenyu Dai , Kelong Zheng , Yue Xiao , Gelei Deng , Wei Dong , Xiaofeng Wang

Autonomous AI agents executing multi-step tool sequences face semantic attacks that manifest in behavioral traces rather than isolated prompts. A critical challenge is cross-attack generalization: can detectors trained on known attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Vignesh Iyer

Agentic AI systems -- Large Language Models (LLMs) augmented with planning, tool use, memory, and long-horizon interactions -- can execute complex tasks autonomously, but their multi-step trajectories introduce new failure modes that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jinhu Qi , Muzhi Li , Jiahong Liu , Yuqin Shu , Dianzhi Yu , Shicheng Ma , Wenqian Cui , Yiyang Zhao , Yiyi Chen , Ruoxi Jiang , Irwin King , Zenglin Xu

While large language model-based agents demonstrate great potential in collaborative tasks, their interactivity also introduces security vulnerabilities. In this paper, we propose and model group collusive attacks, a highly destructive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yiling Tao , Xinran Zheng , Shuo Yang , Meiling Tao , Xingjun Wang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns about jailbreaking attacks, i.e., prompts that bypass safety mechanisms. This paper investigates the use of multi-agent LLM systems as a defence against such attacks. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Maria Carolina Cornelia Wit , Jun Pang