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Identifying bio-signals based-sleep stages requires time-consuming and tedious labor of skilled clinicians. Deep learning approaches have been introduced in order to challenge the automatic sleep stage classification conundrum. However, the…

Closed-loop sleep modulation is an emerging research paradigm to treat sleep disorders and enhance sleep benefits. However, two major barriers hinder the widespread application of this research paradigm. First, subjects often need to be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-24 Mingzhe Sun , Aaron Zhou , Naize Yang , Yaqian Xu , Yuhan Hou , Xilin Liu

Sleep stage classification constitutes an important preliminary exam in the diagnosis of sleep disorders. It is traditionally performed by a sleep expert who assigns to each 30s of signal a sleep stage, based on the visual inspection of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-28 Stanislas Chambon , Mathieu Galtier , Pierrick Arnal , Gilles Wainrib , Alexandre Gramfort

Sleep abnormalities can have severe health consequences. Automated sleep staging, i.e. labelling the sequence of sleep stages from the patient's physiological recordings, could simplify the diagnostic process. Previous work on automated…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-14 Konstantinos Kontras , Christos Chatzichristos , Huy Phan , Johan Suykens , Maarten De Vos

Foundation Models have demonstrated significant success across various domains in Artificial Intelligence (AI), yet their capabilities for brainwave modeling remain unclear. In this paper, we comprehensively evaluate current Large Brainwave…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Na Lee , Konstantinos Barmpas , Yannis Panagakis , Dimitrios Adamos , Nikolaos Laskaris , Stefanos Zafeiriou

Sleep staging is crucial for assessing sleep quality and diagnosing related disorders. Recent deep learning models for automatic sleep staging using polysomnography often suffer from poor generalization to new subjects because they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Yangxuan Zhou , Sha Zhao , Jiquan Wang , Haiteng Jiang , hijian Li , Benyan Luo , Tao Li , Gang Pan

Human sleep is cyclical with a period of approximately 90 minutes, implying long temporal dependency in the sleep data. Yet, exploring this long-term dependency when developing sleep staging models has remained untouched. In this work, we…

Clinical deployment of automated brain MRI analysis faces a fundamental challenge: clinical data is heterogeneous and noisy, and high-quality labels are prohibitively costly to obtain. Self-supervised learning (SSL) can address this by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Asbjørn Munk , Stefano Cerri , Vardan Nersesjan , Christian Hedeager Krag , Jakob Ambsdorf , Pablo Rocamora García , Julia Machnio , Peirong Liu , Suhyun Ahn , Nasrin Akbari , Yasmina Al Khalil , Kimberly Amador , Sina Amirrajab , Tal Arbel , Meritxell Bach Cuadra , Ujjwal Baid , Bhakti Baheti , Jaume Banus , Kamil Barbierik , Christoph Brune , Yansong Bu , Baptiste Callard , Yuhan Chen , Cornelius Crijnen , Corentin Dancette , Peter Drotar , Prasad Dutande , Nils D. Forkert , Saurabh Garg , Jakub Gazda , Matej Gazda , Benoît Gérin , Partha Ghosh , Weikang Gong , Pedro M. Gordaliza , Sam Hashemi , Tobias Heimann , Fucang Jia , Jiexin Jiang , Emily Kaczmarek , Chris Kang , Seung Kwan Kang , Mohammad Khazaei , Julien Khlaut , Petros Koutsouvelis , Jae Sung Lee , Yuchong Li , Mengye Lyu , Mingchen Ma , Anant Madabhushi , Klaus H. Maier-Hein , Pierre Manceron , Andrés Martínez Mora , Moona Mazher , Felix Meister , Nataliia Molchanova , Steven A. Niederer , Leonard Nürnberg , Jinah Park , Abdul Qayyum , Jonas Richiardi , Antoine Saporta , Branislav Setlak , Ning Shen , Justin Szeto , Constantin Ulrich , Puru Vaish , Vibujithan Vigneshwaran , Leroy Volmer , Zihao Wang , Siqi Wei , Anthony Winder , Jelmer M. Wolterink , Maxence Wynen , Chang Yang , Si Young Yie , Mostafa Mehdipour Ghazi , Akshay Pai , Espen Jimenez Solem , Sebastian Nørgaard Llambias , Mikael Boesen , Michael Eriksen Benros , Juan Eugenio Iglesias , Mads Nielsen

Efficiently identifying sleep stages is crucial for unraveling the intricacies of sleep in both preclinical and clinical research. The labor-intensive nature of manual sleep scoring, demanding substantial expertise, has prompted a surge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Shadi Sartipi , Mie Andersen , Natalie Hauglund , Celia Kjaerby , Verena Untiet , Maiken Nedergaard , Mujdat Cetin

Sleep profoundly affects our health, and sleep deficiency or disorders can cause physical and mental problems. Despite significant findings from previous studies, challenges persist in optimizing deep learning models, especially in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-28 Younghoon Na , Hyun Keun Ahn , Hyun-Kyung Lee , Yoongeol Lee , Seung Hun Oh , Hongkwon Kim , Jeong-Gun Lee

AASM guidelines are the result of decades of efforts aiming at standardizing sleep scoring procedure, with the final goal of sharing a worldwide common methodology. The guidelines cover several aspects from the technical/digital…

Distribution shift poses a significant challenge in machine learning, particularly in biomedical applications using data collected across different subjects, institutions, and recording devices, such as sleep data. While existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Théo Gnassounou , Antoine Collas , Rémi Flamary , Alexandre Gramfort

Automatic sleep stage scoring is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders. Although deep learning models have advanced the field, many existing models are computationally demanding and designed for single-channel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Zhaowen Wang , Dongdong Zhou , Qi Xu , Fengyu Cong , Mohammad Al-Sa'd , Jenni Raitoharju

Current fMRI foundation models primarily rely on a limited range of brain states and mismatched pretraining tasks, restricting their ability to learn generalized representations across diverse brain states. We present \textit{Brain-DiT}, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Junfeng Xia , Wenhao Ye , Xuanye Pan , Xinke Shen , Mo Wang , Quanying Liu

Bed-based pressure-sensitive mats (PSMs) offer a non-intrusive way of monitoring patients during sleep. We focus on four-way sleep position classification using data collected from a PSM placed under a mattress in a sleep clinic. Sleep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Olivier Papillon , Rafik Goubran , James Green , Julien Larivière-Chartier , Caitlin Higginson , Frank Knoefel , Rébecca Robillard

Sleep staging is a key method for assessing sleep quality and diagnosing sleep disorders. However, current deep learning methods face challenges: 1) postfusion techniques ignore the varying contributions of different modalities; 2)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Chenjun Zhao , Xuesen Niu , Xinglin Yu , Long Chen , Na Lv , Huiyu Zhou , Aite Zhao

Functional connectivity (FC) derived from resting-state fMRI plays a critical role in personalized predictions such as age and cognitive performance. However, applying foundation models(FM) to fMRI data remains challenging due to its high…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-26 Yanwen Wang , Xinglin Zhao , Yijin Song , Xiaobo Liu , Yanrong Hao , Rui Cao , Xin Wen

Decoding the orchestration of neural activity in electroencephalography (EEG) signals is a central challenge in bridging neuroscience with artificial intelligence. Foundation models have made strides in generalized EEG decoding, yet many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Davy Darankoum , Chloé Habermacher , Julien Volle , Sergei Grudinin

Mass spectrometry is the dominant technology in the field of proteomics, enabling high-throughput analysis of the protein content of complex biological samples. Due to the complexity of the instrumentation and resulting data, sophisticated…

Sleep quality is central to human health, yet reliable and scalable sleep assessment remains an unmet challenge in both clinical and home-care settings. Manual scoring is labor-intensive and impractical for long-term monitoring, whereas…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Shengwei Guo , Guobing Sun