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The deployment of large language models (LLMs) as interactive agents has exposed a category of behavioral failure that prevailing terminology, principally hallucination, fails to adequately characterize. This paper introduces LLM Psychosis…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Ashutosh Raj

The prevalence of unwarranted beliefs, spanning pseudoscience, logical fallacies, and conspiracy theories, presents substantial societal hurdles and the risk of disseminating misinformation. Utilizing established psychometric assessments,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Sowmya S Sundaram , Balaji Alwar

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming scholarly tasks like search and summarization, but their reliability remains uncertain. Current evaluation metrics for testing LLM reliability are primarily automated approaches that prioritize…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Anna Martin-Boyle , William Humphreys , Martha Brown , Cara Leckey , Harmanpreet Kaur

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used as proxies for human labelers in both training (Reinforcement Learning from AI Feedback) and large-scale response evaluation (LLM-as-a-judge). Alignment and evaluation are critical components in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Tuhina Tripathi , Manya Wadhwa , Greg Durrett , Scott Niekum

Hallucinations pose a significant challenge to the reliability and alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs), limiting their widespread acceptance beyond chatbot applications. Despite ongoing efforts, hallucinations remain a prevalent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Cem Uluoglakci , Tugba Taskaya Temizel

Large language model-based agents are increasingly applied in the recommendation field due to their extensive knowledge and strong planning capabilities. While prior research has primarily focused on enhancing either the recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Shihao Cai , Jizhi Zhang , Keqin Bao , Chongming Gao , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He

Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit undesirable behaviors, such as hallucinations and sequence repetitions. We propose to view these behaviors as fallbacks that models exhibit under epistemic uncertainty, and investigate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Maor Ivgi , Ori Yoran , Jonathan Berant , Mor Geva

Large language models (LLMs) show early signs of artificial general intelligence but struggle with hallucinations. One promising solution to mitigate these hallucinations is to store external knowledge as embeddings, aiding LLMs in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Zhihao Zhu , Ninglu Shao , Defu Lian , Chenwang Wu , Zheng Liu , Yi Yang , Enhong Chen

We consider the inference for the ranking of large language models (LLMs). Alignment arises as a significant challenge to mitigate hallucinations in the use of LLMs. Ranking LLMs has proven to be an effective tool to improve alignment based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-11 Zebin Wang , Yi Han , Ethan X. Fang , Lan Wang , Junwei Lu

Recent developments in large language models (LLMs) have been impressive. However, these models sometimes show inconsistencies and problematic behavior, such as hallucinating facts, generating flawed code, or creating offensive and toxic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Zhibin Gou , Zhihong Shao , Yeyun Gong , Yelong Shen , Yujiu Yang , Nan Duan , Weizhu Chen

Large language models (LLMs) can reproduce a wide variety of rhetorical styles and generate text that expresses a broad spectrum of sentiments. This capacity, now available at low cost, makes them powerful tools for manipulation and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Yaqub Chaudhary , Jonnie Penn

Recommender systems are essential for information access, allowing users to present their content for recommendation. With the rise of large language models (LLMs), AI-generated content (AIGC), primarily in the form of text, has become a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yuqi Zhou , Sunhao Dai , Liang Pang , Gang Wang , Zhenhua Dong , Jun Xu , Ji-Rong Wen

Large language models are moving beyond transactional question answering to act as companions, coaches, mediators, and curators that scaffold human growth, decision-making, and well-being. This paper proposes a role-based framework for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zhiyin Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) are gaining increasing popularity in both academia and industry, owing to their unprecedented performance in various applications. As LLMs continue to play a vital role in both research and daily use, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Yupeng Chang , Xu Wang , Jindong Wang , Yuan Wu , Linyi Yang , Kaijie Zhu , Hao Chen , Xiaoyuan Yi , Cunxiang Wang , Yidong Wang , Wei Ye , Yue Zhang , Yi Chang , Philip S. Yu , Qiang Yang , Xing Xie

Large language models (LLMs) are reshaping the recommender system paradigm by enabling users to express preferences and receive recommendations through conversations. Yet, aligning LLMs to the recommendation task remains challenging:…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yaochen Zhu , Harald Steck , Dawen Liang , Yinhan He , Vito Ostuni , Jundong Li , Nathan Kallus

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in educational contexts to provide personalized support to students and teachers. The unprecedented capacity of LLM-based applications to understand and generate natural language can…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Jinsook Lee , Yann Hicke , Renzhe Yu , Christopher Brooks , René F. Kizilcec

Difficult decision-making problems abound in various disciplines and domains. The proliferation of generative techniques, especially large language models (LLMs), has excited interest in using them for decision support. However, LLMs cannot…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Boris Kovalerchuk , Brent D. Fegley

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to power autonomous agents for complex, multi-step tasks. However, human-agent interaction remains pointwise and reactive: users approve or correct individual actions to mitigate immediate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Gaole He , Brian Y. Lim

Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize computational social science, particularly in automated textual analysis. In this paper, we conduct a systematic evaluation of the promises and risks associated with using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Hao Lin , Yongjun Zhang

Rapid advances in large language models (LLMs) have not only empowered autonomous agents to generate social networks, communicate, and form shared and diverging opinions on political issues, but have also begun to play a growing role in…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Jinghua Piao , Zhihong Lu , Chen Gao , Fengli Xu , Qinghua Hu , Fernando P. Santos , Yong Li , James Evans