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In multisite trials, researchers are often interested in several inferential goals: estimating treatment effects for each site, ranking these effects, and studying their distribution. This study seeks to identify optimal methods for…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-03 JoonHo Lee , Jonathan Che , Sophia Rabe-Hesketh , Avi Feller , Luke Miratrix

We develop a skew-adaptive extension of split conformal prediction for regression. The method starts from an asymmetric interval family centered at a point prediction and uses the gauge approach to deduce the conformity score induced by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-18 Paulo C. Marques F. , Helton Graziadei

We often seek to estimate the causal effect of an exposure on a particular outcome in both randomized and observational settings. One such estimation method is the covariate-adjusted residuals estimator, which was designed for individually…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-28 Stephen A. Lauer , Nicholas G. Reich , Laura B. Balzer

Adaptive designs dynamically update treatment probabilities using information accumulated during the experiment. Existing theory for causal inference from adaptive experiments primarily assumes the superpopulation framework with independent…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-26 Xinran Li , Anqi Zhao

This paper proposes and analyzes an a posteriori error estimator for the finite element multi-scale discretization approximation of the Steklov eigenvalue problem. Based on the a posteriori error estimates, an adaptive algorithm of shifted…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-01-08 Hai Bi , Hao Li , Yidu Yang

Data from both a randomized trial and an observational study are sometimes simultaneously available for evaluating the effect of an intervention. The randomized data typically allows for reliable estimation of average treatment effects but…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-01 David Cheng , Tianxi Cai

Various adaptive randomization procedures (adaptive designs) have been proposed to clinical trials. This paper discusses several broad families of procedures, such as the play-the-winner rule and Markov chain model, randomized…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-08-30 Li-Xin Zhang

This study addresses the challenge of estimating average treatment effects (ATEs) for advertising campaigns in online marketplaces where complete randomized experimentation is infeasible. We propose two key innovations: (1) a shrinkage…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-01 Yen-Chun Liu , Alexander Volfovsky , German Schnaidt , Cristobal Garib , Eric Laber

Motivated by modern applications such as computerized adaptive testing, sequential rank aggregation, and heterogeneous data source selection, we study the problem of active sequential estimation, which involves adaptively selecting…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-14 Xiaoou Li , Hongru Zhao

Adaptive experiments, including efficient average treatment effect estimation and multi-armed bandit algorithms, have garnered attention in various applications, such as social experiments, clinical trials, and online advertisement…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-24 Masahiro Kato

We study the design of adaptive, sequential experiments for unbiased average treatment effect (ATE) estimation in the design-based potential outcomes setting. Our goal is to develop adaptive designs offering sublinear Neyman regret, meaning…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-25 Georgy Noarov , Riccardo Fogliato , Martin Bertran , Aaron Roth

A general adaptive refinement strategy for solving linear elliptic partial differential equation with random data is proposed and analysed herein. The adaptive strategy extends the a posteriori error estimation framework introduced by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-23 Alex Bespalov , David Silvester , Feng Xu

We introduce adaptive sampling methods for stochastic programs with deterministic constraints. First, we propose and analyze a variant of the stochastic projected gradient method where the sample size used to approximate the reduced…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-07 Florian Beiser , Brendan Keith , Simon Urbainczyk , Barbara Wohlmuth

When using observational causal models, practitioners often want to disentangle the effects of many related, partially-overlapping treatments. Examples include estimating treatment effects of different marketing touchpoints, ordering…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-07-03 Enes Dilber , Colin Gray

We investigate the optimal design of experimental studies that have pre-treatment outcome data available. The average treatment effect is estimated as the difference between the weighted average outcomes of the treated and control units. A…

We consider the problem of Adaptive Neyman Allocation for the class of AIPW estimators in a design-based setting, where potential outcomes and covariates are deterministic. As each subject arrives, an adaptive procedure must select both a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Fangyi Chen , Shu Ge , Jian Qian , Christopher Harshaw

Marginal structural models are a popular method for estimating causal effects in the presence of time-varying exposures. In spite of their popularity, no scalable non-parametric estimator exist for marginal structural models with…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-30 Axel Martin , Michele Santacatterina , Iván Díaz

This paper investigates estimation and inference for average treatment effects in completely randomized experiments when researchers observe potentially many covariates. Within Neyman's (1923) design-based framework, allowing the number of…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-20 Harold D Chiang , Yukitoshi Matsushita , Taisuke Otsu

Randomized experiments are the gold standard for estimating treatment effects, yet network interference challenges the validity of traditional estimators by violating the stable unit treatment value assumption and introducing bias. While…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-02 Xin Lu , Hongzi Li , Hanzhong Liu

We propose a novel adaptive design for clinical trials with time-to-event outcomes and covariates (which may consist of or include biomarkers). Our method is based on the expected entropy of the posterior distribution of a proportional…

Applications · Statistics 2016-03-29 James E. Barrett
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