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While deep neural networks can achieve state-of-the-art performance in many tasks, these models are more fragile than they appear. They are prone to learning spurious correlations in their training data, leading to surprising failure cases.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Jeff Mitchell , Jesús Martínez del Rincón , Niall McLaughlin

Unlearnable example attacks are data poisoning techniques that can be used to safeguard public data against unauthorized use for training deep learning models. These methods add stealthy perturbations to the original image, thereby making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Tianrui Qin , Xitong Gao , Juanjuan Zhao , Kejiang Ye , Cheng-Zhong Xu

The volume of "free" data on the internet has been key to the current success of deep learning. However, it also raises privacy concerns about the unauthorized exploitation of personal data for training commercial models. It is thus crucial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Hanxun Huang , Xingjun Ma , Sarah Monazam Erfani , James Bailey , Yisen Wang

Unsupervised open-set domain adaptation (UODA) is a realistic problem where unlabeled target data contain unknown classes. Prior methods rely on the coexistence of both source and target domain data to perform domain alignment, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Zeyu Feng , Chang Xu , Dacheng Tao

In an era of widespread web scraping, unlearnable dataset methods have the potential to protect data privacy by preventing deep neural networks from generalizing. But in addition to a number of practical limitations that make their use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Pedro Sandoval-Segura , Vasu Singla , Jonas Geiping , Micah Goldblum , Tom Goldstein

Unlearnable data (ULD) has emerged as an innovative defense technique to prevent machine learning models from learning meaningful patterns from specific data, thus protecting data privacy and security. By introducing perturbations to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Jiahao Li , Yiqiang Chen , Yunbing Xing , Yang Gu , Xiangyuan Lan

The widespread availability of publicly accessible medical images has significantly propelled advancements in various research and clinical fields. Nonetheless, concerns regarding unauthorized training of AI systems for commercial purposes…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-22 Xun Lin , Yi Yu , Song Xia , Jue Jiang , Haoran Wang , Zitong Yu , Yizhong Liu , Ying Fu , Shuai Wang , Wenzhong Tang , Alex Kot

Tabular data in relational databases represents a significant portion of industrial data. Hence, analyzing and interpreting tabular data is of utmost importance. Application tasks on tabular data are manifold and are often not specified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Astrid Franz , Frederik Hoppe , Marianne Michaelis , Udo Göbel

Ensuring data privacy and protection has become paramount in the era of deep learning. Unlearnable examples are proposed to mislead the deep learning models and prevent data from unauthorized exploration by adding small perturbations to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Ruohan Meng , Chenyu Yi , Yi Yu , Siyuan Yang , Bingquan Shen , Alex C. Kot

Deep neural networks are prone to learning shortcuts, spurious correlations present in the training data that undermine out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization. Most prior work mitigates shortcut learning through input-space reweighting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shivam Pal , Sakshi Varshney , Piyush Rai

Deep neural networks do not discriminate between spurious and causal patterns, and will only learn the most predictive ones while ignoring the others. This shortcut learning behaviour is detrimental to a network's ability to generalize to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Thomas Duboudin , Emmanuel Dellandréa , Corentin Abgrall , Gilles Hénaff , Liming Chen

Recent advancements in tabular deep learning have demonstrated exceptional practical performance, yet the field often lacks a clear understanding of why these techniques actually succeed. To address this gap, our paper highlights the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Nikolay Kartashev , Ivan Rubachev , Artem Babenko

Data unlearning aims to remove the influence of specific training samples from a trained model without requiring full retraining. Unlike concept unlearning, data unlearning in diffusion models remains underexplored and often suffers from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jinseong Park , Mijung Park

This work introduces the causal bootstrap, a framework for bounding smeared spectral observables from finite non-perturbative Euclidean data. The method optimizes over the convex set of positive spectral densities compatible with the data…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2026-05-21 Ryan Abbott , Sarah Fields , William I. Jay , Patrick Oare , Matteo Saccardi

As deep learning models are becoming larger and data-hungrier, there are growing ethical, legal and technical concerns over use of data: in practice, agreements on data use may change over time, rendering previously-used training data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Nazanin Mohammadi Sepahvand , Vincent Dumoulin , Eleni Triantafillou , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite

Unsupervised domain adaptation is effective in leveraging the rich information from the source domain to the unsupervised target domain. Though deep learning and adversarial strategy make an important breakthrough in the adaptability of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-02 You-Wei Luo , Chuan-Xian Ren , Pengfei Ge , Ke-Kun Huang , Yu-Feng Yu

Tabular data learning has extensive applications in deep learning but its existing embedding techniques are limited in numerical and categorical features such as the inability to capture complex relationships and engineering. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Yuqian Wu , Hengyi Luo , Raymond S. T. Lee

Ultrasound imaging is challenging to interpret due to non-uniform intensities, low contrast, and inherent artifacts, necessitating extensive training for non-specialists. Advanced representation with clear tissue structure separation could…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Oleksandra Tmenova , Yordanka Velikova , Mahdi Saleh , Nassir Navab

Deep-learning models can extract a rich assortment of features from data. Which features a model uses depends not only on \emph{predictivity} -- how reliably a feature indicates training-set labels -- but also on \emph{availability} -- how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Katherine L. Hermann , Hossein Mobahi , Thomas Fel , Michael C. Mozer

Text embeddings are essential components in modern NLP pipelines. Although numerous embedding models have been proposed, no single model consistently dominates across domains and tasks. This variability motivates the use of ensemble…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Sungjun Lim , Kangjun Noh , Youngjun Choi , Heeyoung Lee , Kyungwoo Song