English
Related papers

Related papers: The Optimal Token Baseline: Variance Reduction for…

200 papers

Learning to plan for long horizons is a central challenge in episodic reinforcement learning problems. A fundamental question is to understand how the difficulty of the problem scales as the horizon increases. Here the natural measure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Ruosong Wang , Simon S. Du , Lin F. Yang , Sham M. Kakade

The study of vision-and-language navigation (VLN) has typically relied on expert trajectories, which may not always be available in real-world situations due to the significant effort required to collect them. On the other hand, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Valay Bundele , Mahesh Bhupati , Biplab Banerjee , Aditya Grover

This paper develops LongNav-R1, an end-to-end multi-turn reinforcement learning (RL) framework designed to optimize Visual-Language-Action (VLA) models for long-horizon navigation. Unlike existing single-turn paradigm, LongNav-R1…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yue Hu , Avery Xi , Qixin Xiao , Seth Isaacson , Henry X. Liu , Ram Vasudevan , Maani Ghaffari

Many applications of LLM-based text regression require predicting a full conditional distribution rather than a single point value. We study distributional regression under empirical-quantile supervision, where each input is paired with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yilun Zhu , Yuan Zhuang , Nikhita Vedula , Dushyanta Dhyani , Shaoyuan Xu , Moyan Li , Mohsen Bayati , Bryan Wang , Shervin Malmasi

We consider the problem of offline reinforcement learning (RL) -- a well-motivated setting of RL that aims at policy optimization using only historical data. Despite its wide applicability, theoretical understandings of offline RL, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Ming Yin , Yu Bai , Yu-Xiang Wang

Tokenization is associated with many poorly understood shortcomings in language models (LMs), yet remains an important component for long sequence scaling purposes. This work studies how tokenization impacts model performance by analyzing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Buu Phan , Brandon Amos , Itai Gat , Marton Havasi , Matthew Muckley , Karen Ullrich

Large language model (LLM) training is often bottlenecked by memory constraints and stochastic gradient noise in extremely high-dimensional parameter spaces. Motivated by empirical evidence that many LLM gradient matrices are effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zehao Li , Tao Ren , Zishi Zhang , Xi Chen , Yijie Peng

Policy-based methods have achieved remarkable success in solving challenging reinforcement learning problems. Among these methods, off-policy policy gradient methods are particularly important due to that they can benefit from off-policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Wenjia Meng , Qian Zheng , Long Yang , Yilong Yin , Gang Pan

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a cornerstone for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) serving as the de facto standard algorithm. Despite its ubiquity, we argue that the core ratio…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Penghui Qi , Xiangxin Zhou , Zichen Liu , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Min Lin , Wee Sun Lee

The availability of large pre-trained models is changing the landscape of Machine Learning research and practice, moving from a training-from-scratch to a fine-tuning paradigm. While in some applications the goal is to "nudge" the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Tomasz Korbak , Hady Elsahar , Germán Kruszewski , Marc Dymetman

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is essential for evolving Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous agents capable of long-horizon planning, yet a practical recipe for scaling RL in complex, multi-turn environments remains elusive. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xixi Wu , Qianguo Sun , Ruiyang Zhang , Chao Song , Junlong Wu , Yiyan Qi , Hong Cheng

In this study, we tackle the challenge of outlier-robust predictive modeling using highly expressive neural networks. Our approach integrates two key components: (1) a transformed trimmed loss (TTL), a computationally efficient variant of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-14 Akifumi Okuno , Shotaro Yagishita

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for parallel token generation, with block-wise variants garnering significant research interest. Despite their potential, existing dLLMs typically suffer from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yanzhe Hu , Yijie Jin , Pengfei Liu , Kai Yu , Zhijie Deng

Reinforcement learning (RL) has enhanced the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) through reward-driven training. Nevertheless, this process can introduce excessively long responses, inflating inference latency and computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Chang Liu , Yiran Zhao , Lawrence Liu , Yaoqi Ye , Csaba Szepesvári , Lin F. Yang

We propose a new neural sequence model training method in which the objective function is defined by $\alpha$-divergence. We demonstrate that the objective function generalizes the maximum-likelihood (ML)-based and reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-03 Sotetsu Koyamada , Yuta Kikuchi , Atsunori Kanemura , Shin-ichi Maeda , Shin Ishii

The remarkable success of large language models (LLMs) has motivated researchers to adapt them as universal predictors for various graph-related tasks, with the ultimate goal of developing a graph foundation model that generalizes diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhongjian Zhang , Xiao Wang , Mengmei Zhang , Jiarui Tan , Chuan Shi

The exploration-exploitation dilemma has been a central challenge in reinforcement learning (RL) with complex model classes. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm, Monotonic Q-Learning with Upper Confidence Bound (MQL-UCB) for RL with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Heyang Zhao , Jiafan He , Quanquan Gu

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to find a near-optimal policy using pre-collected datasets. In real-world scenarios, data collection could be costly and risky; therefore, offline RL becomes particularly challenging when the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Ruizhe Shi , Yuyao Liu , Yanjie Ze , Simon S. Du , Huazhe Xu

Machine unlearning in foundation models (e.g., language and vision transformers) is essential for privacy and safety; however, existing approaches are unstable and unreliable. A widely used strategy, the gradient difference method, applies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Arpit Garg , Hemanth Saratchandran , Ravi Garg , Simon Lucey

Token reduction is an effective way to accelerate long-video vision-language models (VLMs), but most existing methods are designed for dense Transformers and do not directly account for hybrid architectures that interleave attention with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jindong Jiang , Amala Sanjay Deshmukh , Kateryna Chumachenko , Karan Sapra , Zhiding Yu , Guilin Liu , Andrew Tao , Pavlo Molchanov , Jan Kautz , Wonmin Byeon
‹ Prev 1 8 9 10 Next ›