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Large Language Models (LLM) continue to demonstrate their utility in a variety of emergent capabilities in different fields. An area that could benefit from effective language understanding in cybersecurity is the analysis of log files.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Egil Karlsen , Xiao Luo , Nur Zincir-Heywood , Malcolm Heywood

Logs are ubiquitous digital footprints, playing an indispensable role in system diagnostics, security analysis, and performance optimization. The extraction of actionable insights from logs is critically dependent on the log parsing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Aoxiao Zhong , Dengyao Mo , Guiyang Liu , Jinbu Liu , Qingda Lu , Qi Zhou , Jiesheng Wu , Quanzheng Li , Qingsong Wen

Log anomaly detection refers to the task that distinguishes the anomalous log messages from normal log messages. Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) are becoming popular for log anomaly detection because of their superb ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Zhuoyi Yang , Ian G. Harris

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are among the most challenging cyberattacks to detect. They are carried out by highly skilled attackers who carefully study their targets and operate in a stealthy, long-term manner. Because APTs exhibit…

The rising use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to create and disseminate malware poses a significant cybersecurity challenge due to their ability to generate and distribute attacks with ease. A single prompt can initiate a wide array of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Jamal Al-Karaki , Muhammad Al-Zafar Khan , Marwan Omar

Ensuring the security of large language models (LLMs) is an ongoing challenge despite their widespread popularity. Developers work to enhance LLMs security, but vulnerabilities persist, even in advanced versions like GPT-4. Attackers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Aysan Esmradi , Daniel Wankit Yip , Chun Fai Chan

Large Language Models increasingly power critical infrastructure from healthcare to finance, yet their vulnerability to adversarial manipulation threatens system integrity and user safety. Despite growing deployment, no comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Taiwo Onitiju , Iman Vakilinia

Online abuse has grown increasingly complex, spanning toxic language, harassment, manipulation, and fraudulent behavior. Traditional machine-learning approaches dependent on static classifiers and labor-intensive labeling struggle to keep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Suraj Kath , Sanket Badhe , Preet Shah , Ashwin Sampathkumar , Shivani Gupta

For data-constrained, complex and dynamic industrial environments, there is a critical need for transferable and multimodal methodologies to enhance anomaly detection and therefore, prevent costs associated with system failures. Typically,…

With the rapid development of multi-cloud environments, it is increasingly important to ensure the security and reliability of intelligent monitoring systems. In this paper, we propose an anomaly detection and early warning mechanism for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yihong Jin , Ze Yang , Juntian Liu , Xinhe Xu

In the current cybersecurity landscape, protecting military devices such as communication and battlefield management systems against sophisticated cyber attacks is crucial. Malware exploits vulnerabilities through stealth methods, often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Pedro Miguel Sánchez Sánchez , Alberto Huertas Celdrán , Gérôme Bovet , Gregorio Martínez Pérez

Next generation Radio Access Networks (RANs) introduce programmability, intelligence, and near real-time control through intelligent controllers, enabling enhanced security within the RAN and across broader 5G/6G infrastructures. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Sotiris Chatzimiltis , Mohammad Shojafar , Mahdi Boloursaz Mashhadi , Rahim Tafazolli

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently emerged as powerful tools in cybersecurity, offering advanced capabilities in malware detection, generation, and real-time monitoring. Numerous studies have explored their application in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Hamed Jelodar , Samita Bai , Parisa Hamedi , Hesamodin Mohammadian , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Ali Ghorbani

To address the challenging problem of detecting phishing webpages, researchers have developed numerous solutions, in particular those based on machine learning (ML) algorithms. Among these, brand-based phishing detection that uses models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Jehyun Lee , Peiyuan Lim , Bryan Hooi , Dinil Mon Divakaran

This paper presents a critical examination of the surprising efficacy of Large Language Models (LLMs) in penetration testing. The paper thoroughly reviews the evolution of LLMs and their rapidly expanding capabilities which render them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Andreas Happe , Jürgen Cito

Logs have been an imperative resource to ensure the reliability and continuity of many software systems, especially large-scale distributed systems. They faithfully record runtime information to facilitate system troubleshooting and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Zhuangbin Chen , Jinyang Liu , Wenwei Gu , Yuxin Su , Michael R. Lyu

Phishing websites pose a major cybersecurity threat, exploiting unsuspecting users and causing significant financial and organisational harm. Traditional machine learning approaches for phishing detection often require extensive feature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Georg Goldenits , Philip Koenig , Sebastian Raubitzek , Andreas Ekelhart

As cyber threats continue to grow in complexity, traditional security mechanisms struggle to keep up. Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential in cybersecurity due to their advanced capabilities in text processing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Tiago Dinis , Miguel Correia , Roger Tavares

With the growing use of information technology in all life domains, hacking has become more negatively effective than ever before. Also with developing technologies, attacks numbers are growing exponentially every few months and become more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Khloud Al Jallad , Mohamad Aljnidi , Mohammad Said Desouki

Hacking poses a significant threat to cybersecurity, inflicting billions of dollars in damages annually. To mitigate these risks, ethical hacking, or penetration testing, is employed to identify vulnerabilities in systems and networks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Isamu Isozaki , Manil Shrestha , Rick Console , Edward Kim