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The lack of explainability of deep learning models limits the adoption of such models in clinical practice. Prototype-based models can provide inherent explainable predictions, but these have predominantly been designed for classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Linde S. Hesse , Nicola K. Dinsdale , Ana I. L. Namburete

XAI gained considerable importance in recent years. Methods based on prototypical case-based reasoning have shown a promising improvement in explainability. However, these methods typically rely on additional post-hoc saliency techniques to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Steffen Meinert , Philipp Schlinge , Nils Strodthoff , Martin Atzmueller

The rapid growth of user-generated text across digital platforms has intensified the need for interpretable models capable of fine-grained text classification and explanation. Existing prototype-based models offer intuitive explanations but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Utsav Kumar Nareti , Suraj Kumar , Soumya Pandey , Soumi Chattopadhyay , Chandranath Adak , Sankha Subhra Mullick

One of the major challenges in machine learning nowadays is to provide predictions with not only high accuracy but also user-friendly explanations. Although in recent years we have witnessed increasingly popular use of deep neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Yao Ming , Panpan Xu , Huamin Qu , Liu Ren

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI) has the potential to enhance the transparency and trust of AI-based systems. Although accurate predictions can be made using Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), the process used to arrive at such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Bhushan Atote , Victor Sanchez

How to efficiently serve ever-larger trained natural language models in practice has become exceptionally challenging even for powerful cloud servers due to their prohibitive memory/computation requirements. In this work, we present an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Zhewei Yao , Reza Yazdani Aminabadi , Minjia Zhang , Xiaoxia Wu , Conglong Li , Yuxiong He

In this work, we perform an in-depth analysis of the visualisation methods implemented in two popular self-explaining models for visual classification based on prototypes - ProtoPNet and ProtoTree. Using two fine-grained datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Romain Xu-Darme , Georges Quénot , Zakaria Chihani , Marie-Christine Rousset

We present a modelling framework for the investigation of prototype-based classifiers in non-stationary environments. Specifically, we study Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) systems trained from a stream of high-dimensional, clustered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Michael Biehl , Fthi Abadi , Christina Göpfert , Barbara Hammer

Interpretability is critical for machine learning models in high-stakes settings because it allows users to verify the model's reasoning. In computer vision, prototypical part models (ProtoPNets) have become the dominant model type to meet…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Jon Donnelly , Zhicheng Guo , Alina Jade Barnett , Hayden McTavish , Chaofan Chen , Cynthia Rudin

Large language models (LLMs) have shown immense potential across various domains, but their high memory requirements and inference costs remain critical challenges for deployment. Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Tianyi Zhang , Anshumali Shrivastava

Recent advances in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) trained with Long Chain-of-Thought (Long CoT) reasoning have demonstrated remarkable cross-domain generalization capabilities. However, the underlying mechanisms supporting such transfer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Feng He , Zijun Chen , Xinnian Liang , Tingting Ma , Yunqi Qiu , Shuangzhi Wu , Junchi Yan

Part-prototype models are explainable-by-design image classifiers, and a promising alternative to black box AI. This paper explores the applicability and potential of interpretable machine learning, in particular PIP-Net, for automated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Meike Nauta , Johannes H. Hegeman , Jeroen Geerdink , Jörg Schlötterer , Maurice van Keulen , Christin Seifert

Interpretability is often an essential requirement in medical imaging. Advanced deep learning methods are required to address this need for explainability and high performance. In this work, we investigate whether additional information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Luisa Gallee , Meinrad Beer , Michael Goetz

Deep neural networks are widely used for classification. These deep models often suffer from a lack of interpretability -- they are particularly difficult to understand because of their non-linear nature. As a result, neural networks are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Oscar Li , Hao Liu , Chaofan Chen , Cynthia Rudin

The need for interpretable models has fostered the development of self-explainable classifiers. Prior approaches are either based on multi-stage optimization schemes, impacting the predictive performance of the model, or produce…

A well-designed fine-grained categorization system usually has three contradictory requirements: accuracy (the ability to identify objects among subordinate categories); interpretability (the ability to provide human-understandable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-10-05 Shaoli Huang , Dacheng Tao

In this paper we propose a simple yet powerful method for learning representations in supervised learning scenarios where each original input datapoint is described by a set of vectors and their associated outputs may be given by soft…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Edwin Bonilla , Antonio Robles-Kelly

We propose a general framework called Network Dissection for quantifying the interpretability of latent representations of CNNs by evaluating the alignment between individual hidden units and a set of semantic concepts. Given any CNN model,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-20 David Bau , Bolei Zhou , Aditya Khosla , Aude Oliva , Antonio Torralba

With the increasing attention to pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), \eg, CLIP, substantial efforts have been devoted to many downstream tasks, especially in test-time adaptation (TTA). However, previous works focus on learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Xingyu Zhu , Shuo Wang , Beier Zhu , Miaoge Li , Yunfan Li , Junfeng Fang , Zhicai Wang , Dongsheng Wang , Hanwang Zhang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated strong performance on a wide variety of tasks due to their ability to model non-uniform structured data. Despite their promise, there exists little research exploring methods to make them more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Shyam A. Tailor , Javier Fernandez-Marques , Nicholas D. Lane