Related papers: Simone Weil, Andr{\'e} Weil, Bourbaki and Pythagor…
This article reflects on the life and mathematical contributions of Pierre Cartier, a distinguished figure in 20th- and 21st-century mathematics. As a key member of the Bourbaki collective, Cartier played a pivotal role in the formalization…
Sophie Germain (1776-1831) was the first woman we know who did important original research in mathematics, specifically in elasticity theory and number theory. Celebrating her semiquincentennial year, we outline Germain's recently unearthed…
The present document is a mathematical-literary fiction, commemorating the centenary of the death of Anatole France (April 16, 1844 - October 12, 1924) and which, at the same time, pays tribute to Nicolas Bourbaki and his "Godparents".…
This paper studies the work of the French mathematician Francois Viete, known as the "father of modern algebraic notation". Along with this fundamental change in algebra, Viete adopted a radically new notation based on Greek geometric…
Starting from Greg Moore's description about Physical Mathematics, a framework is proposed in order to understand it, based on Gilles Ch\^atelet's philosophy. It will be argued that Ch\^atelet's ideas of inverting, splitting, augmenting and…
The Riemann hypothesis is, and will hopefully remain for a long time, a great motivation to uncover and explore new parts of the mathematical world. After reviewing its impact on the development of algebraic geometry we discuss three…
Geometric algebra is the natural outgrowth of the concept of a vector and the addition of vectors. After reviewing the properties of the addition of vectors, a multiplication of vectors is introduced in such a way that it encodes the famous…
The theme of the influence of Bourbaki's ideas and methodologies on disciplines that transcend the mathematical field has been frequently addressed and, in particular, the reflection on the relationship between Bourbaki and Oulipo has…
This is an introduction to geometric algebra, an alternative to traditional vector algebra that expands on it in two ways: 1. In addition to scalars and vectors, it defines new objects representing subspaces of any dimension. 2. It defines…
"Symmetry" was one of the most important methodological themes in 20th-century physics and is probably going to play no lesser role in physics of the 21st century. As used today, there are a variety of interpretations of this term, which…
Historically, probability theory has been studied for a long time, and Kolmogorov, Levy Ito Kiyoshi, and others have mathematically developed modern probability in conjunction with measurement theory. On the other hand, commutative algebra…
The three key documents for study geometry are: 1) "The Elements" of Euclid, 2) the lecture by B. Riemann at G\"ottingen in 1854 entitled "\"Uber die Hypothesen welche der Geometrie zu Grunde liegen" (On the hypotheses which underlie…
Geometry is essentially a global language, which is fully understood in different times, countries and cultures. The proof of a geometric theorem (e.g. the Pythagorean Theorem) or a geometric construction (e.g. the construction of an…
We compare several approaches to the history of mathematics recently proposed by Blasjo, Fraser--Schroter, Fried, and others. We argue that tools from both mathematics and history are essential for a meaningful history of the discipline. In…
The Weil correspondence states that the datum of a Seiberg-Witten differential is equivalent to an algebraic group extension of the integrable system associated to the Seiberg-Witten geometry. Remarkably this group extension represents…
The classification of algebraic surfaces by the Italian School of algebraic geometry is universally recognized as a breakthrough in 20th-century mathematics. The methods by which it was achieved do not, however, meet the modern standard of…
``Can number and geometric spaces be reconstructed from their symmetries?'' This question, which is at the heart of anabelian geometry, a theory built on the collaborative efforts of an international community in many variants and with the…
I discuss Ren{\'e} Thom's approach to philosophy based on his mathematical background. At the same time, I will highlight his connection with Aristotle, his criticism of the modern view of science as a predictive process, his ideas on…
So far, the most magnificent breakthrough in mathematics in the 21st century is the Geometrization Theorem, a bold conjecture by William Thurston (generalizing Poincar\'e's Conjecture) and proved by Grigory Perelman, based on the program…
A study of Sophie Germain's extensive manuscripts on Fermat's Last Theorem calls for a reassessment of her work in number theory. There is much in these manuscripts beyond the single theorem for Case 1 for which she is known from a…