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By applying a 2014 result on the distribution of full cylinders, we give a proof of the useful folklore: for any $\beta>1$, the Hausdorff dimension of an arbitrary set in the shift space $S_\beta$ is equal to the Hausdorff dimension of its…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-03-25 Yao-Qiang Li

Given an integer $N\ge 2$ and a real number ${\beta}>1$, let $\Gamma_{{\beta},N}$ be the set of all $x=\sum_{i=1}^\infty {d_i}/{{\beta}^i}$ with $d_i\in\{0,1,\cdots,N-1\}$ for all $i\ge 1$. The infinite sequence $(d_i)$ is called a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-08-04 Derong Kong , Wenxia Li

Let $ 1<\beta< 2 $, the sequence $\alpha(\beta)=\alpha(\beta)_1\alpha(\beta)_2\dotsb $ be the quasi-greedy $ \beta $-expansion of $ 1 $, and $ t\in [0,1) $ be a bifurcation parameter. The $\beta$-transformation is defined to be…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Rui Kuang , Bing Li , Yuanfen Xiao

Specification is an important concept in dynamical systems introduced by Bowen. Schmeling proved that the set of $\beta>1$ such that the corresponding $\beta$-shift has specification is of Hausdorff dimension $1$. Hu et al. proved that the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-08-07 Hiroki Takahasi

Given a real number beta > 1, the spectrum of beta is a well studied dynamical object. In this article we show the existence of a certain measure on the spectrum of beta related to the distribution of random polynomials in beta, and discuss…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-02-16 Tom Kempton , Alex Batsis

We consider the distribution of the orbits of the number 1 under the $\beta$-transformations $T_\beta$ as $\beta$ varies. Mainly, the size of the set of $\beta>1$ for which a given point can be well approximated by the orbit of 1 is…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-03-20 Bing Li , Tomas Persson , Baowei Wang , Jun Wu

We investigate the Hausdorff dimension of level sets defined by digit growth rates in $\theta$-expansions, a generalization of regular continued fractions. For any $\alpha \geq 0$, we prove that the set \[ E_\theta(\alpha) = \left\{ x \in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Andreas Rusu , Gabriela Ileana Sebe

Let $\{s_n\}$ and $\{t_n\}$ be two sequences of positive real numbers. Under some mild conditions on $\{s_n\}$ and $\{t_n\}$, we give the precise formula of the Hausdorff dimension of the set \[ \mathbb{E}(\{s_n\},\{t_n\}):=\Big\{x\in(0,1):…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-01 Lei Shang

For a real number $0<\lambda<2$, we introduce a transformation $T_\lambda$ naturally associated to expansion in $\lambda$-continued fraction, for which we also give a geometrical interpretation. The symbolic coding of the orbits of…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-04-04 Elise Janvresse , Benoît Rittaud , Thierry De La Rue

In this paper, we investigate inhomogeneous and simultaneous Diophantine approximation in beta dynamical systems. For $\beta>1$ let $T_{\beta}$ be the $\beta$-transformation on $[0,1]$. We determine the Lebesgue measure and Hausdorff…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-11-14 Yu-Feng Wu

In this paper, we prove the identity $\dim_{\textrm H}(F)=d\cdot \dim_{\textrm H}(\alpha^{-1}(F))$, where $\dim_{\textrm H}$ denotes Hausdorff dimension, $F\subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$, and $\alpha:[0,1]\to [0,1]^d$ is a function whose…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2019-03-29 M. A. Sánchez-Granero , M. Fernández-Martínez

It is well known that the Bernoulli convolution $\nu_{\beta}$ associated to the golden mean has Hausdorff dimension less than 1, i.e. that there exists a set $A$ with $\nu_{\beta}(A)=1$ and $dim_H(A)<1$. We construct such a set $A$…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-11-22 Tom Kempton

We study natural measures on sets of beta-expansions and on slices through self similar sets. In the setting of beta-expansions, these allow us to better understand the measure of maximal entropy for the random beta-transformation and to…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-07-09 Tom Kempton

Let $\beta>1$, $I$ be the unite interval $[0,1)$ and $\phi$ be an integer function defined on $\mathbb{N}\setminus\{0\}$ satisfying $1\leq\phi(n)\leq n$. Denote by $A_\phi(x,\beta)$ the Erd\"{o}s-R\'{e}nyi average of $x\in I$ associated…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-25 Haibo Chen

In this paper, we study the metrical theory of the growth rate of digits in L\"{u}roth expansions. More precisely, for $ x\in \left( 0,1 \right] $, let $ \left[ d_1\left( x \right) ,d_2\left( x \right) ,\cdots \right] $ denote the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-29 Ao Wang , Xinyun Zhang

Let $\beta>1$ be a real number. In this paper, the Hausdorff dimension of sets consisting of pairs of numbers with prescribed quantitative waiting time indicators in $\beta$-expansions are determined. More precisely, let $I$ be the unit…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-06-25 Haibo Chen

Let $T_\beta$ be the $\beta$-transformation on $[0,1)$ defined by $$T_\beta(x)=\beta x\text{ mod }1.$$ We study the Diophantine approximation of the orbit of a point $x$ under $T_\beta$. Precisely, for given two positive functions…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-07-31 Wanlou Wu , Lixuan Zheng

For integer $m\ge3$, we study the dynamical system $(\Lambda_m,\sigma_m)$ where $\Lambda_m$ is the set $\{w\in\{0,1\}^\mathbb{N}: w$ does not contain $0^m$ or $1^m\}$ and $\sigma_m$ is the shift map on $\{0,1\}^\mathbb{N}$ restricted to…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-02-03 Yao-Qiang Li

In this paper, we will introduce and study the lower moving digit mean $\underline{M}(x)$ and the upper moving digit mean $\overline{M}(x)$ of $x\in[0,1]$ in $p$-adic expansion, where $p\geq2$ is an integer. Moreover, the Hausdorff…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-24 Haibo Chen

For any $\beta>1$, let $T_\beta$ be the classical $\beta$-transformations. Fix $x_0\in[0,1]$ and a nonnegative real number $\hat{v}$, we compute the Hausdorff dimension of the set of real numbers $x\in[0,1]$ with the property that, for…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-06-01 Wanlou Wu
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