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Fast X-ray transients (FXTs) are extragalactic bursts of X-rays first identified in archival X-ray data, and now routinely discovered by the Einstein Probe in real time, which is continuously surveying the night sky in the soft ($0.5 - 4$…

Fast X-ray Transients (FXTs) are extragalactic bursts of soft X-rays first identified >10 years ago. Since then, nearly 40 events have been discovered, although almost all of these have been recovered from archival Chandra and XMM-Newton…

Fast X-ray Transients (FXTs) represent a new class of highly luminous transients in soft X-rays ($\sim$0.3-10 keV) associated with violent astrophysical processes. They manifest as short, singular flashes of X-ray photons with durations…

The launch of the Einstein Probe (EP) mission has revolutionized the detection and follow-up observations of fast X-ray transients (FXTs) by providing prompt and timely access to their precise localizations. In the first year of its…

Fast X-ray Transients (FXTs) are a rare and poorly understood phenomenon with a variety of possible progenitors. The launch of the Einstein Probe (EP) mission has facilitated a rapid increase in the real-time discovery and follow-up of…

We present a multi-wavelength analysis of the fast X-ray transient EP 241021a, discovered by the Wide-field X-ray Telescope aboard the \emph{Einstein Probe} satellite on 2024 October 21. The event was not detected in gamma-rays. Follow-up…

Following its launch on 2024 January 9, the Einstein Probe (EP) telescope has detected hundreds of fast X-ray transients (FXTs), yet their physical origins remain elusive. Understanding their luminosity function and formation rate is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-11 Yizhou Guo , Houdun Zeng , Junjie Wei , Hao Zhou , Zhiping Jin , Xuefeng Wu , Daming Wei

The recent launch of Einstein Probe (EP) in early 2024 opened up a new window onto the transient X-ray sky, allowing for real-time discovery and follow-up of fast X-ray transients (FXRTs). Multi-wavelength observations of FXRTs and their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-29 R. Ricci , E. Troja , Y. Yang , M. Yadav , Y. Liu , H. Sun , X. Wu , H. Gao , B. Zhang , W. Yuan

We present the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient, EP241021a, by the Einstein Probe (EP) mission, and the results from multiwavelength follow-up observations. The transient was first detected with the Wide-field X-ray Telescope as an…

The connection between compact object mergers and some extragalactic fast X-ray transients (FXRTs) has long been hypothesized, but never ultimately established. In this work, we investigate two FXRTs, the LEIA X-ray Transient LXT 240402A…

Despite being operational for only a short time, the Einstein Probe mission, with its large field of view and rapid localisation capabilities, has already significantly advanced the study of rapid variability in the soft X-ray sky. We…

We report the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient, EP240408a, by Einstein Probe (EP) and follow-up studies made with EP, Swift, NICER, GROND, ATCA and other ground-based multi-wavelength telescopes. The new transient was first detected…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-30 Wenda Zhang , Weimin Yuan , Zhixing Ling , Yong Chen , Nanda Rea , Arne Rau , Zhiming Cai , Huaqing Cheng , Francesco Coti Zelati , Lixin Dai , Jingwei Hu , Shumei Jia , Chichuan Jin , Dongyue Li , Paul O'Brien , Rongfeng Shen , Xinwen Shu , Shengli Sun , Xiaojin Sun , Xiaofeng Wang , Lei Yang , Bing Zhang , Chen Zhang , Shuang-Nan Zhang , Yonghe Zhang , Jie An , David Buckley , Alexis Coleiro , Bertrand Cordier , Liming Dou , Rob Eyles-Ferris , Zhou Fan , Hua Feng , Shaoyu Fu , Johan P. U. Fynbo , Lluis Galbany , Saurabh W. Jha , Shuaiqing Jiang , Albert Kong , Erik Kuulkers , Weihua Lei , Wenxiong Li , Bifang Liu , Mingjun Liu , Xing Liu , Yuan Liu , Zhu Liu , Chandreyee Maitra , Alessio Marino , Itumeleng Monageng , Kirpal Nandra , Jeremy Sanders , Roberto Soria , Lian Tao , Junfeng Wang , Song Wang , Tinggui Wang , Zhongxiang Wang , Qingwen Wu , Xuefeng Wu , Dong Xu , Yanjun Xu , Suijian Xue , Yongquan Xue , Zijian Zhang , Zipei Zhu , Hu Zou , Congying Bao , Fansheng Chen , Houlei Chen , Tianxiang Chen , Wei Chen , Yehai Chen , Yifan Chen , Chenzhou Cui , Weiwei Cui , Yanfeng Dai , Dongwei Fan , Ju Guan , Dawei Han , Dongjie Hou , Haibo Hu , Maohai Huang , Jia Huo , Zhenqing Jia , Bowen Jiang , Ge Jin , Chengkui Li , Junfei Li , Longhui Li , Maoshun Li , Wei Li , Zhengda Li , Tianying Lian , Congzhan Liu , Heyang Liu , Huaqiu Liu , Fangjun Lu , Laidan Luo , Jia Ma , Xuan Mao , Haiwu Pan , Xin Pan , Liming Song , Hui Sun , Yunyin Tan , Qingjun Tang , Yihan Tao , Hao Wang , Juan Wang , Lei Wang , Wenxin Wang , Yilong Wang , Yusa Wang , Qinyu Wu , Haitao Xu , Jingjing Xu , Xinpeng Xu , Yunfei Xu , Zhao Xu , Changbin Xue , Yulong Xue , Ailiang Yan , Haonan Yang , Xiongtao Yang , Yanji Yang , Juan Zhang , Mo Zhang , Wenjie Zhang , Zhen Zhang , Zhen Zhang , Ziliang Zhang , Donghua Zhao , Haisheng Zhao , Xiaofan Zhao , Zijian Zhao , Hongyan Zhou , Yilin Zhou , Yuxuan Zhu , Zhencai Zhu

The origin of extragalactic fast X-ray transients (EFXTs) remains a fundamental open question in high-energy astrophysics. The Einstein Probe (EP) mission provides a transformative opportunity to investigate their nature. While mounting…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-18 Qin-Mei Li , Qi-Bin Sun , Sheng-Bang Qian , Fu-Xing Li

X-ray flashes (XRFs) are fast X-ray transients thought to be softer analogs of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). With its soft X-ray sensitivity, the Einstein Probe (EP) provides a unique opportunity to study these events. We report multiwavelength…

The nature of the minute-to-hour long Fast X-ray Transients (FXTs) localised by telescopes such as Chandra, Swift, and XMM-Newton remains mysterious, with numerous models suggested for the events. Here, we report multi-wavelength…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-26 Andrew J. Levan , Peter G. Jonker , Andrea Saccardi , Daniele Bjørn Malesani , Nial R. Tanvir , Luca Izzo , Kasper E. Heintz , Daniel Mata Sánchez , Jonathan Quirola-Vásquez , Manuel A. P. Torres , Susanna D. Vergani , Steve Schulze , Andrea Rossi , Paolo D'Avanzo , Benjamin Gompertz , Antonio Martin-Carrillo , Antonio de Ugarte Postigo , Benjamin Schneider , Weimin Yuan , Zhixing Ling , Wenjie Zhang , Xuan Mao , Yuan Liu , Hui Sun , Dong Xu , Zipei Zhu , José Feliciano Agüí Fernández , Lorenzo Amati , Franz E. Bauer , Sergio Campana , Francesco Carotenuto , Ashley Chrimes , Joyce N. D. van Dalen , Valerio D'Elia , Massimo Della Valle , Massimiliano De Pasquale , Vikram S. Dhillon , Lluís Galbany , Nicola Gaspari , Giulia Gianfagna , Andreja Gomboc , Nusrin Habeeb , Agnes P. C. van Hoof , Youdong Hu , Pall Jakobsson , Yashaswi Julakanti , Judith Korth , Chryssa Kouveliotou , Tanmoy Laskar , Stuart P. Littlefair , Elisabetta Maiorano , Jirong Mao , Andrea Melandri , M. Coleman Miller , Tamal Mukherjee , Samantha R. Oates , Paul O'Brien , Jesse T. Palmerio , Hannu Parviainen , Daniëlle L. A. Pieterse , Silvia Piranomonte , Luigi Piro , Giovanna Pugliese , Maria E. Ravasio , Ben Rayson , Ruben Salvaterra , Rubén Sánchez-Ramírez , Nikhil Sarin , Samuel P. R. Shilling , Rhaana L. C. Starling , Gianpiero Tagliaferri , Aishwarya Linesh Thakur , Christina C. Thöne , Klaas Wiersema , Isabelle Worssam , Tayyaba Zafar

The Einstein Probe (EP) is an interdisciplinary mission of time-domain and X-ray astronomy. Equipped with a wide-field lobster-eye X-ray focusing imager, EP will discover cosmic X-ray transients and monitor the X-ray variability of known…

Fast X-ray transients (FXRTs) are short-lived X-ray outbursts with diverse progenitor scenarios, including compact object mergers, stellar core-collapses and tidal disruption events. The Einstein Probe (EP) has enabled the rapid discovery…

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