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Dexterous manipulation with anthropomorphic robot hands remains a challenging problem in robotics because of the high-dimensional state and action spaces and complex contacts. Nevertheless, skillful closed-loop manipulation is required to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Malte Mosbach , Kara Moraw , Sven Behnke

Training self-driving systems to be robust to the long-tail of driving scenarios is a critical problem. Model-based approaches leverage simulation to emulate a wide range of scenarios without putting users at risk in the real world. One…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Vlad Sobal , Alfredo Canziani , Nicolas Carion , Kyunghyun Cho , Yann LeCun

Reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated impressive performance in legged locomotion over various challenging environments. However, due to the sim-to-real gap and lack of explainability, unconstrained RL policies deployed in the real…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Haoyu Wang , Ruyi Zhou , Liang Ding , Tie Liu , Zhelin Zhang , Peng Xu , Haibo Gao , Zongquan Deng

Current end-to-end deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) approaches require jointly learning perception, decision-making and low-level control from very sparse reward signals and high-dimensional inputs, with little capability of incorporating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Vibhavari Dasagi , Robert Lee , Serena Mou , Jake Bruce , Niko Sünderhauf , Jürgen Leitner

Reinforcement learning (RL) and trajectory optimization (TO) present strong complementary advantages. On one hand, RL approaches are able to learn global control policies directly from data, but generally require large sample sizes to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Quentin Le Lidec , Wilson Jallet , Ivan Laptev , Cordelia Schmid , Justin Carpentier

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) uses model-free techniques to optimize task-specific control policies. Despite having emerged as a promising approach for complex problems, RL is still hard to use reliably for real-world applications. Apart…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Siddhant Gangapurwala , Alexander Mitchell , Ioannis Havoutis

Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) for legged locomotion commonly relies on a physics simulator that can accurately predict the behaviors of every degree of freedom of the robot. In contrast, approximate reduced-order models are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Zhaoming Xie , Xingye Da , Buck Babich , Animesh Garg , Michiel van de Panne

Deep neural network based reinforcement learning (RL) can learn appropriate visual representations for complex tasks like vision-based robotic grasping without the need for manually engineering or prior learning a perception system.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Kanishka Rao , Chris Harris , Alex Irpan , Sergey Levine , Julian Ibarz , Mohi Khansari

Challenges in traversing dynamic clutters lie mainly in the efficient perception of the environmental dynamics and the generation of evasive behaviors considering obstacle movement. Previous solutions have made progress in explicitly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Bowen Xu , Zexuan Yan , Minghao Lu , Xiyu Fan , Yi Luo , Youshen Lin , Zhiqiang Chen , Yeke Chen , Qiyuan Qiao , Peng Lu

World models aim to improve robotic decision making by predicting the consequences of actions. However, in practice, their predictions often become unreliable once the robot encounters states outside the training distribution, limiting…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Tuo An , Jindou Jia , Gen Li , Jingliang Li , Chuhao Zhou , Pengfei Liu , Bofan Lyu , Jiaqi Bai , Xinying Guo , Geng Li , Jianfei Yang

End-to-end autonomous driving models based on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) architectures have shown promising results by learning driving policies through behavior cloning on expert demonstrations. However, imitation learning inherently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zihao Sheng , Xin Ye , Jingru Luo , Sikai Chen , Liu Ren

Autonomous agents are increasingly expected to operate in complex, dynamic, and uncertain environments, performing tasks such as manipulation, navigation, and decision-making. Achieving these capabilities requires agents to understand the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Peng-Fei Zhang , Ying Cheng , Xiaofan Sun , Shijie Wang , Fengling Li , Lei Zhu , Heng Tao Shen

Moving in dynamic pedestrian environments is one of the important requirements for autonomous mobile robots. We present a model-based reinforcement learning approach for robots to navigate through crowded environments. The navigation policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Yuxiang Cui , Haodong Zhang , Yue Wang , Rong Xiong

Reinforcement learning from large-scale offline datasets provides us with the ability to learn policies without potentially unsafe or impractical exploration. Significant progress has been made in the past few years in dealing with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Philip J. Ball , Cong Lu , Jack Parker-Holder , Stephen Roberts

Neural architectures inspired by our own human cognitive system, such as the recently introduced world models, have been shown to outperform traditional deep reinforcement learning (RL) methods in a variety of different domains. Instead of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Sebastian Risi , Kenneth O. Stanley

Reinforcement learning (RL)-based motion imitation methods trained on demonstration data can effectively learn natural and expressive motions with minimal reward engineering but often struggle to generalize to novel environments. We address…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Zewei Zhang , Chenhao Li , Takahiro Miki , Marco Hutter

A world model is an AI system that simulates how an environment evolves under actions, enabling planning through imagined futures rather than reactive perception. Current world models, however, suffer from visual conflation: the mistaken…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Zhikang Chen , Tingting Zhu

By combining the agility of legged locomotion with the capabilities of manipulation, loco-manipulation platforms have the potential to perform complex tasks in real-world applications. To this end, state-of-the-art quadrupeds with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Benjamin Hoffman , Jin Cheng , Chenhao Li , Stelian Coros

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms for real-world robotic applications need a data-efficient learning process and the ability to handle complex, unknown dynamical systems. These requirements are handled well by model-based and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Yevgen Chebotar , Karol Hausman , Marvin Zhang , Gaurav Sukhatme , Stefan Schaal , Sergey Levine

Learning a world model for model-free Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents can significantly improve the sample efficiency by learning policies in imagination. However, building a world model for Multi-Agent RL (MARL) can be particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Yang Zhang , Chenjia Bai , Bin Zhao , Junchi Yan , Xiu Li , Xuelong Li
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