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Program-of-Thought (PoT), which aims to use programming language instead of natural language as an intermediate step in reasoning, is an important way for LLMs to solve mathematical problems. Since different programming languages excel in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Nianqi Li , Zujie Liang , Siyu Yuan , Jiaqing Liang , Feng Wei , Yanghua Xiao

Recent advancements highlight the success of instruction tuning with large language models (LLMs) utilizing Chain-of-Thought (CoT) data for mathematical reasoning tasks. Despite the fine-tuned LLMs, challenges persist, such as incorrect,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Yongwei Zhou , Tiejun Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate strong reasoning capabilities, yet their performance in English significantly outperforms that in low-resource languages, raising fairness concerns in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Qiming Li , Xiaocheng Feng , Yixuan Ma , Zekai Ye , Ruihan Chen , Xiachong Feng , Bing Qin

Despite the impressive reasoning abilities demonstrated by large language models (LLMs), empirical evidence indicates that they are not language agnostic as expected, leading to performance declines in multilingual settings, especially for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Chunxu Zhao , Xin Huang , Xue Han , Shujian Huang , Chao Deng , Junlan Feng

Multilingual benchmarks guide the development of frontier models. Yet multilingual evaluations reported by frontier models are structured similar to popular reasoning and knowledge benchmarks, but across many languages. We show such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Ronald Skorobogat , Ameya Prabhu , Matthias Bethge

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in machine translation (MT), even without specific training on the languages in question. However, translating rare words in low-resource or domain-specific contexts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Shangfeng Chen , Xiayang Shi , Pu Li , Yinlin Li , Jingjing Liu

Self-reflection for Large Language Models (LLMs) has gained significant attention. Existing approaches involve models iterating and improving their previous responses based on LLMs' internal reflection ability or external feedback. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Liping Liu , Chunhong Zhang , Likang Wu , Chuang Zhao , Zheng Hu , Ming He , Jianping Fan

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved remarkable performance on complex reasoning tasks by adopting the ``think-then-answer'' paradigm, which enhances both accuracy and interpretability. However, current LRMs exhibit two critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Xue Zhang , Yunlong Liang , Fandong Meng , Songming Zhang , Kaiyu Huang , Yufeng Chen , Jinan Xu , Jie Zhou

Recent advancements in Reinforcement Post-Training (RPT) have significantly enhanced the capabilities of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), sparking increased interest in the generalization of RL-based reasoning. While existing work has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Wen Yang , Junhong Wu , Chong Li , Chengqing Zong , Jiajun Zhang

Pretrained contextualized representations offer great success for many downstream tasks, including document ranking. The multilingual versions of such pretrained representations provide a possibility of jointly learning many languages with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Zhiqi Huang , Hamed Bonab , Sheikh Muhammad Sarwar , Razieh Rahimi , James Allan

Pretrained language models have shown superior performance on many natural language processing tasks, yet they still struggle at multi-step formal reasoning tasks like grade school math problems. One key challenge of finetuning them to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Ansong Ni , Jeevana Priya Inala , Chenglong Wang , Oleksandr Polozov , Christopher Meek , Dragomir Radev , Jianfeng Gao

Recent language models achieve impressive results in tasks involving complex multistep reasoning, but scaling these capabilities further traditionally requires expensive collection of more annotated data. In this work, we explore the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Marek Kadlčík , Michal Štefánik

Multilingual language models often perform unevenly across different languages due to limited generalization capabilities for some languages. This issue is significant because of the growing interest in making universal language models that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Gürkan Soykan , Gözde Gül Şahin

Large Language Models (LLMs) often produce answers with a single chain-of-thought, which restricts their ability to explore reasoning paths or self-correct flawed outputs in complex tasks. In this paper, we introduce MALT (Multi-Agent LLM…

Imposing constraints on machine translation systems presents a challenging issue because these systems are not trained to make use of constraints in generating adequate, fluent translations. In this paper, we leverage the capabilities of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Pengcheng Huang , Yongyu Mu , Yuzhang Wu , Bei Li , Chunyang Xiao , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Chain-of-thought (CoT) has emerged as a critical mechanism for enhancing reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs), with self-consistency demonstrating notable promise in boosting performance. However, inherent linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Zhiwei Yu , Tuo Li , Changhong Wang , Hui Chen , Lang Zhou

Post-training with explicit reasoning traces is common to improve the reasoning capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, acquiring high-quality reasoning traces is often costly and time-consuming. Hence, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Qihuang Zhong , Liang Ding , Wenjie Xuan , Juhua Liu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Recent studies have demonstrated the cross-lingual alignment ability of multilingual pretrained language models. In this work, we found that the cross-lingual alignment can be further improved by training seq2seq models on sentence pairs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Chau Tran , Yuqing Tang , Xian Li , Jiatao Gu

Mathematical reasoning has long represented one of the most fundamental and challenging frontiers in artificial intelligence research. In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have achieved significant advances in this area. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Peng-Yuan Wang , Tian-Shuo Liu , Chenyang Wang , Yi-Di Wang , Shu Yan , Cheng-Xing Jia , Xu-Hui Liu , Xin-Wei Chen , Jia-Cheng Xu , Ziniu Li , Yang Yu

Previous work indicates that large language models exhibit a significant "English bias", i.e. they often perform better when tasks are presented in English. Interestingly, we have observed that using certain other languages in reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Changjiang Gao , Xu Huang , Wenhao Zhu , Shujian Huang , Lei Li , Fei Yuan