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Based on a dyadic approximation of It\^o integrals, we show the existence of It\^o c\`adl\`ag rough paths above general semimartingales, suitable Gaussian processes and non-negative typical price paths. Furthermore, Lyons-Victoir extension…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-11-14 Chong Liu , David J. Prömel

Path integrals represent a powerful route to quantization: they calculate probabilities by summing over classical configurations of variables such as fields, assigning each configuration a phase equal to the action of that configuration.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-13 Seth Lloyd , Olaf Dreyer

We propose two signature-based methods to solve the optimal stopping problem - that is, to price American options - in non-Markovian frameworks. Both methods rely on a global approximation result for $L^p-$functionals on rough path-spaces,…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-02-10 Christian Bayer , Luca Pelizzari , John Schoenmakers

We define a characteristic function for probability measures on the signatures of geometric rough paths. We determine sufficient conditions under which a random variable is uniquely determined by its expected signature, thus partially…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-05-19 Ilya Chevyrev , Terry Lyons

The signature is a collection of iterated integrals describing the "shape" of a path. It appears naturally in the Taylor expansions of controlled differential equations and, as a consequence, is arguably the central object within rough path…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-31 James Foster

The signature of a path, introduced by K.T. Chen [5] in $1954$, has been extensively studied in recent years. The $2010$ paper [12] of Hambly and Lyons showed that the signature is injective on the space of continuous finite-variation paths…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-06-30 Thomas Cass , William F. Turner

For any real-valued stochastic process $X$ with c\'rdl\'rg paths we define non-empty family of processes which have locally finite total variation, have jumps of the same order as the process $X$ and uniformly approximate its paths on…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-06-26 Rafał M. Łochowski

Using rough path theory, we provide a pathwise foundation for stochastic It\^o integration, which covers most commonly applied trading strategies and mathematical models of financial markets, including those under Knightian uncertainty. To…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-04 Andrew L. Allan , Chong Liu , David J. Prömel

The theory of rough paths arose from a desire to establish continuity properties of ordinary differential equations involving terms of low regularity. While essentially an analytic theory, its main motivation and applications are in…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Ilya Chevyrev

The signature transform, defined by the formal tensor series of global iterated path integrals, is a homomorphism between the path space and the tensor algebra that has been studied in geometry, control theory, number theory as well as…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-11-09 Horatio Boedihardjo , Xi Geng

In the last decade, the concept of path signature has achieved significant success in data science applications. It offers a powerful set of features that effectively capture and describe the characteristics of paths or sequential data.…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-01-13 Ilya Chevyrev , Joscha Diehl , Kurusch Ebrahimi-Fard , Nikolas Tapia

We study universal approximation of continuous functionals on compact subsets of products of Hilbert spaces. We prove that any such functional can be uniformly approximated by models that first take finitely many continuous linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Andrey Krylov , Maksim Penkin

We consider the orthogonalisation of the signature of a stochastic process as the analogue of orthogonal polynomials on path-space. Under an infinite radius of convergence assumption, we prove density of linear functions on the signature in…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Ilya Chevyrev , Emilio Ferrucci , Darrick Lee , Terry Lyons , Harald Oberhauser , Nikolas Tapia

We propose a new method for solving optimal stopping problems (such as American option pricing in finance) under minimal assumptions on the underlying stochastic process $X$. We consider classic and randomized stopping times represented by…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Christian Bayer , Paul Hager , Sebastian Riedel , John Schoenmakers

We study a pathwise integral with respect to paths of finite quadratic variation, defined as the limit of non-anticipative Riemann sums for gradient-type integrands. We show that the integral satisfies a pathwise isometry property,…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-03-28 Anna Ananova , Rama Cont

We construct a canonical geometric rough path over $d$-dimensional tempered fractional Brownian motion (tfBm) for any Hurst parameter $H > 1/4$ and tempering parameter $\lambda > 0$. The main challenge stems from the non-homogeneous nature…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Atef Lechiheb

We present two different approaches to stochastic integration in frictionless model free financial mathematics. The first one is in the spirit of It\^o's integral and based on a certain topology which is induced by the outer measure…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-28 Nicolas Perkowski , David J. Prömel

We introduce a novel signature approach for pricing and hedging path-dependent options with instantaneous and permanent market impact under a mean-quadratic variation criterion. Leveraging the expressive power of signatures, we recast an…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-01 Eduardo Abi Jaber , Donatien Hainaut , Edouard Motte

We explore the limit of stochastic differential equations driven by some random processes satisfying singularly perturbed second order stochastic differential equations. The main tool we employ is the universal limit theorem in rough path…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Qingming Zhao , Xueru Liu , Wei Wang

We establish a new scale of $p$-variation estimates for martingale paraproducts, martingale transforms, and It\^o integrals, of relevance in rough paths theory, stochastic, and harmonic analysis. As an application, we introduce rough…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-03-22 Peter Friz , Pavel Zorin-Kranich