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Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant computational bottlenecks during inference due to the quadratic complexity of self-attention mechanisms, particularly as context lengths increase. We introduce SpecAttn, a novel training-free…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Harsh Shah

Recent diffusion models enable high-quality video generation, but suffer from slow runtimes. The large transformer-based backbones used in these models are bottlenecked by spatiotemporal attention. In this paper, we identify that a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Shai Yehezkel , Shahar Yadin , Noam Elata , Yaron Ostrovsky-Berman , Bahjat Kawar

In this paper, we demonstrate that an inherent waveform pattern in the attention allocation of large language models (LLMs) significantly affects their performance in tasks demanding a high degree of context awareness, such as utilizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Yuhan Chen , Ang Lv , Ting-En Lin , Changyu Chen , Yuchuan Wu , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li , Rui Yan

Efficient inference is critical for long-context language models, where attention computation and KV-cache access dominate the cost. Recent work RAT+, introduces a recurrence-augmented attention backbone that enables flexible dilated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xiuying Wei , Caglar Gulcehre

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) excel in natural language processing tasks by capturing long-range dependencies through self-attention mechanisms. However, long-context modeling faces significant computational inefficiencies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Shuhai Zhang , Zeng You , Yaofo Chen , Zhiquan Wen , Qianyue Wang , Zhijie Qiu , Yuanqing Li , Mingkui Tan

The Transformer architecture has shown significant success in many language processing and visual tasks. However, the method faces challenges in efficiently scaling to long sequences because the self-attention computation is quadratic with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Edison Mucllari , Zachary Daniels , David Zhang , Qiang Ye

Pre-trained language models like BERT and its variants have recently achieved impressive performance in various natural language understanding tasks. However, BERT heavily relies on the global self-attention block and thus suffers large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Zihang Jiang , Weihao Yu , Daquan Zhou , Yunpeng Chen , Jiashi Feng , Shuicheng Yan

Long-context transformers face significant efficiency challenges due to the quadratic cost of self-attention. However, many modern applications-from multi-turn dialogue to high-resolution vision-require contexts spanning tens of thousands…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jacob Fein-Ashley , Neelesh Gupta , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

Sparsity has long been a central theme in LLM efficiency, but its role in context processing remains unresolved. As LLM workloads shift toward longer contexts and agentic interactions, the compute and memory bottlenecks of attention become…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in long-context tasks such as reasoning, code generation, and multi-turn dialogue. However, inference over extended contexts is bottlenecked by the Key-Value (KV) cache, whose memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Seonghwan Choi , Beomseok Kang , Dongwon Jo , Jae-Joon Kim

Efficient Transformers have been developed for long sequence modeling, due to their subquadratic memory and time complexity. Sparse Transformer is a popular approach to improving the efficiency of Transformers by restricting self-attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Aosong Feng , Irene Li , Yuang Jiang , Rex Ying

The quadratic complexity of self-attention during the prefill phase impedes long-context inference in large language models. Existing sparse attention methods face a trade-off among context adaptivity, sampling overhead, and fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Chen Guanzhong

We introduce Robust Filter Attention (RFA), a formulation of self-attention as a robust state estimator. Each token is treated as a noisy observation of a latent trajectory governed by a linear stochastic differential equation (SDE), and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Peter Racioppo

Diffusion Transformers dominate video generation, but the quadratic complexity of attention computation introduces substantial latency. Attention sparsity reduces computational costs by focusing on critical tokens while ignoring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Xuewen Liu , Zhikai Li , Jing Zhang , Mengjuan Chen , Qingyi Gu

The challenges of road network segmentation demand an algorithm capable of adapting to the sparse and irregular shapes, as well as the diverse context, which often leads traditional encoding-decoding methods and simple Transformer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Jie Song , Yue Sun , Ziyun Cai , Liang Xiao , Yawen Huang , Yefeng Zheng

The transformer architecture has driven breakthroughs in recent years on tasks which require modeling pairwise relationships between sequential elements, as is the case in natural language understanding. However, long seqeuences pose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Heejun Lee , Jina Kim , Jeffrey Willette , Sung Ju Hwang

Recently, Transformers have shown promising performance in various vision tasks. However, the high costs of global self-attention remain challenging for Transformers, especially for high-resolution vision tasks. Inspired by one of the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Zhemin Zhang , Xun Gong

As large language models scale to longer contexts, loading the growing KV cache during attention computation becomes a critical bottleneck. Previous work has shown that attention computation is dominated by a small subset of tokens. This…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Di Liu , Ruitian Wang , Chen Chen , Mingliang Gong , Yongjie Yuan , Han Zhao , Yu Feng , Quan Chen , Minyi Guo

The Transformer architecture, despite its widespread success, struggles with long-context scenarios due to quadratic computation and linear memory growth. While various linear attention variants mitigate these efficiency constraints by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Yuqi Pan , Yongqi An , Zheng Li , Yuhong Chou , Ruijie Zhu , Xiaohui Wang , Mingxuan Wang , Jinqiao Wang , Guoqi Li

Extending the functionality of the Transformer model to accommodate longer sequence lengths has become a critical challenge. This extension is crucial not only for improving tasks such as language translation and long-context processing but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Hengyu Zhang