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Image reconstruction based on indirect, noisy, or incomplete data remains an important yet challenging task. While methods such as compressive sensing have demonstrated high-resolution image recovery in various settings, there remain issues…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Jan Glaubitz , Anne Gelb , Guohui Song

Sampling from the posterior is a key technical problem in Bayesian statistics. Rigorous guarantees are difficult to obtain for Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms of common use. In this paper, we study an alternative class of algorithms…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-26 Andrea Montanari , Yuchen Wu

In the problem of spotlight mode airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image formation, it is well-known that data collected over a wide azimuthal angle violate the isotropic scattering property typically assumed. Many techniques have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-12 Victor Churchill , Anne Gelb

Many inverse problems are ill-posed and need to be complemented by prior information that restricts the class of admissible models. Bayesian approaches encode this information as prior distributions that impose generic properties on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Julian L. Möbius , Michael Habeck

This paper analyzes hierarchical Bayesian inverse problems using techniques from high-dimensional statistics. Our analysis leverages a property of hierarchical Bayesian regularizers that we call approximate decomposability to obtain…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-09 Daniel Sanz-Alonso , Nathan Waniorek

In solving Bayesian inverse problems, it is often desirable to use a common density parameterization to denote the prior and posterior. Typically we seek a density from the same family as the prior which closely approximates the true…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-29 Xiao-Mei Yang , Zhi-Liang Deng

Diffusion models (DMs) have proven to be effective in modeling high-dimensional distributions, leading to their widespread adoption for representing complex priors in Bayesian inverse problems (BIPs). However, current DM-based posterior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Haoxuan Chen , Yinuo Ren , Martin Renqiang Min , Lexing Ying , Zachary Izzo

There are several challenges associated with inverse problems in which we seek to reconstruct a piecewise constant field, and which we model using multiple level sets. Adopting a Bayesian viewpoint, we impose prior distributions on both the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-01 William Reese , Arvind K. Saibaba , Jonghyun Lee

A deep learning-assisted inversion method is proposed to solve the inhomogeneous background imaging problem. Three non-iterative methods, namely the distorted-Born (DB) major current coefficients method, the DB modified Born approximation…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-12-12 Naike Du , Tiantian Yin , Jing Wang , Rencheng Song , Kuiwen Xu , Bingyuan Liang , Sheng Sun , Xiuzhu Ye

Diffusion models have recently been shown to excel in many image reconstruction tasks that involve inverse problems based on a forward measurement operator. A common framework uses task-agnostic unconditional models that are later…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Alper Güngör , Bahri Batuhan Bilecen , Tolga Çukur

We address the inverse problem of cosmic large-scale structure reconstruction from a Bayesian perspective. For a linear data model, a number of known and novel reconstruction schemes, which differ in terms of the underlying signal prior,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 F. S. Kitaura , T. A. Ensslin

We consider the statistical inverse problem of estimating a background flow field (e.g., of air or water) from the partial and noisy observation of a passive scalar (e.g., the concentration of a solute), a common experimental approach to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-06-12 Jeff Borggaard , Nathan E. Glatt-Holtz , Justin A. Krometis

The efficient resolution of Bayesian inverse problems remains challenging due to the high computational cost of traditional sampling methods. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that integrates Conditional Flow Matching (CFM) with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Daniil Sherki , Ivan Oseledets , Ekaterina Muravleva

We propose a surrogate function for efficient yet principled use of score-based priors in Bayesian imaging. We consider ill-posed inverse imaging problems in which one aims for a clean image posterior given incomplete or noisy measurements.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Berthy T. Feng , Katherine L. Bouman

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful generative priors for solving inverse problems. However, training diffusion models in the pixel space are both data-intensive and computationally demanding, which restricts their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Bowen Song , Soo Min Kwon , Zecheng Zhang , Xinyu Hu , Qing Qu , Liyue Shen

Solving inverse problems involving measurement noise and modeling errors requires regularization in order to avoid data overfit. Geophysical inverse problems, in which the Earth's highly heterogeneous structure is unknown, present a…

Geophysics · Physics 2022-03-31 Ali Siahkoohi , Rafael Orozco , Gabrio Rizzuti , Felix J. Herrmann

This paper tackles efficient methods for Bayesian inverse problems with priors based on Whittle--Mat\'ern Gaussian random fields. The Whittle--Mat\'ern prior is characterized by a mean function and a covariance operator that is taken as a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-12 Harbir Antil , Arvind K. Saibaba

We analyze in this paper the performance of a newly developed globally convergent numerical method for a coefficient inverse problem for the case of multi-frequency experimental backscatter data associated to a single incident wave. These…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-06-07 Dinh-Liem Nguyen , Michael V. Klibanov , Loc H. Nguyen , Aleksandr E. Kolesov , Michael A. Fiddy , Hui Liu

We show that the symmetries of image formation by scattering enable graph-theoretic manifold-embedding techniques to extract structural and timing information from simulated and experimental snapshots at extremely low signal. The approach…

Computational Physics · Physics 2011-09-27 Peter Schwander , Chun Hong Yoon , Abbas Ourmazd , Dimitrios Giannakis

This work addresses image restoration tasks through the lens of inverse problems using unpaired datasets. In contrast to traditional approaches -- which typically assume full knowledge of the forward model or access to paired degraded and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Giacomo Meanti , Thomas Ryckeboer , Michael Arbel , Julien Mairal