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We derive bounds on the sample complexity of empirical risk minimization (ERM) in the context of minimizing non-convex risks that admit the strict saddle property. Recent progress in non-convex optimization has yielded efficient algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Alon Gonen , Shai Shalev-Shwartz

Machine learning models have exhibited exceptional results in various domains. The most prevalent approach for learning is the empirical risk minimizer (ERM), which adapts the model's weights to reduce the loss on a training set and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Koby Bibas

Distributionally robust policy learning aims to find a policy that performs well under the worst-case distributional shift, and yet most existing methods for robust policy learning consider the worst-case joint distribution of the covariate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jingyuan Wang , Zhimei Ren , Ruohan Zhan , Zhengyuan Zhou

Empirical risk minimization (ERM) is not robust to changes in the distribution of data. When the distribution of test data is different from that of training data, the problem is known as out-of-distribution generalization. Recently, two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Shijian Xu

Data-driven risk analysis involves the inference of probability distributions from measured or simulated data. In the case of a highly reliable system, such as the electricity grid, the amount of relevant data is often exceedingly limited,…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-11 Simon H. Tindemans , Goran Strbac

We study a special case of the problem of statistical learning without the i.i.d. assumption. Specifically, we suppose a learning method is presented with a sequence of data points, and required to make a prediction (e.g., a classification)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Steve Hanneke , Liu Yang

We develop minimax optimal risk bounds for the general learning task consisting in predicting as well as the best function in a reference set $\mathcal{G}$ up to the smallest possible additive term, called the convergence rate. When the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-09 Jean-Yves Audibert

We analyze gradient descent with randomly weighted data points in a linear regression model, under a generic weighting distribution. This includes various forms of stochastic gradient descent, importance sampling, but also extends to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-12 Gabriel Clara , Yazan Mash'al

Invariant Causal Prediction (Peters et al., 2016) is a technique for out-of-distribution generalization which assumes that some aspects of the data distribution vary across the training set but that the underlying causal mechanisms remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Elan Rosenfeld , Pradeep Ravikumar , Andrej Risteski

In this paper, we study the problem of estimation and learning under temporal distribution shift. Consider an observation sequence of length $n$, which is a noisy realization of a time-varying groundtruth sequence. Our focus is to develop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Dheeraj Baby , Yifei Tang , Hieu Duy Nguyen , Yu-Xiang Wang , Rohit Pyati

Predictive models are often required to produce reliable predictions under statistical conditions that are not matched to the training data. A common type of training-testing mismatch is covariate shift, where the conditional distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Matteo Zecchin , Fredrik Hellström , Sangwoo Park , Shlomo Shamai , Osvaldo Simeone

Empirical risk minimization (ERM) is the workhorse of machine learning, whether for classification and regression or for off-policy policy learning, but its model-agnostic guarantees can fail when we use adaptively collected data, such as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-04 Aurélien Bibaut , Antoine Chambaz , Maria Dimakopoulou , Nathan Kallus , Mark van der Laan

We develop minimax optimal risk bounds for the general learning task consisting in predicting as well as the best function in a reference set G up to the smallest possible additive term, called the convergence rate. When the reference set…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-03-04 Jean-Yves Audibert

Empirical risk minimization often performs poorly when the distribution of the target domain differs from those of source domains. To address such potential distribution shifts, we develop an unsupervised domain adaptation approach that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-25 Zhenyu Wang , Peter Bühlmann , Zijian Guo

In federated learning, differences in the data or objectives between the participating nodes motivate approaches to train a personalized machine learning model for each node. One such approach is weighted averaging between a locally trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Felix Grimberg , Mary-Anne Hartley , Sai P. Karimireddy , Martin Jaggi

Learning models whose predictions are invariant under multiple environments is a promising approach for out-of-distribution generalization. Such models are trained to extract features $X_{\text{inv}}$ where the conditional distribution $Y…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Gina Wong , Joshua Gleason , Rama Chellappa , Yoav Wald , Anqi Liu

Distributional regression aims at estimating the conditional distribution of a targetvariable given explanatory co-variates. It is a crucial tool for forecasting whena precise uncertainty quantification is required. A popular methodology…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-22 Clément Dombry , Ahmed Zaoui

We propose an active-learning method for nonlinear minimax regression. Given a nonlinear function that can be arbitrarily evaluated over a compact set, we fit a surrogate model, such as a feedforward neural network, by minimizing the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-24 Alberto Bemporad

Time series prediction is often complicated by distribution shift which demands adaptive models to accommodate time-varying distributions. We frame time series prediction under distribution shift as a weighted empirical risk minimisation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Stefanos Bennett , Jase Clarkson

Obtaining guarantees on the convergence of the minimizers of empirical risks to the ones of the true risk is a fundamental matter in statistical learning. Instead of deriving guarantees on the usual estimation error, the goal of this paper…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-12 Paul Escande