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Related papers: Delta-Unknotting Number for Pretzel Knots

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Given a thin strip of paper, tie a knot, connect the ends, and flatten into the plane. This is a physical model of a folded ribbon knot in the plane, first introduced by Louis Kauffman. We study the folded ribbonlength of these folded…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Elizabeth Denne

We show that there is a knot satisfying the property that for each minimal crossing number diagram of the knot and each single crossing of the diagram, changing the crossing results in a diagram for a knot whose unknotting number is at…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-01-03 Mark Brittenham , Susan Hermiller

We show that the knots $K\in\{4_1,5_1\}$ can be paired with a corresponding knot $K^\prime$ such that $u(K\#K^\prime)<u(K)+u(K^\prime)$. As a consequence unknotting number fails to be additive for these knots. We also provide a candidate…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Mark Brittenham , Susan Hermiller

We take a close look at a classical magic trick performed with a string, where a trivial knot is seemingly isotoped into a trefoil, and generalize it to a family of magic tricks for transforming the unknot into other knots. We encode such a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Raphael Appenzeller , José Pedro Quintanilha

The twisting number of a ribbon knot $K$ is the minimal number of tangle replacements on the symmetry axis of $J \# -J$ for any knot $J$ that is required to produce a symmetric union diagram of $K$. We prove that the twisting number is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-06-24 Vitalijs Brejevs , Peter Feller

In this paper, we give a method to evaluate minimum numbers of Dehn colors for knots by using symmetric local biquandle cocycle invariants. We give answers to some questions arising as a consequence of our previous paper [6]. In particular,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Eri Matsudo , Kanako Oshiro , Gaishi Yamagishi

An \"{u}bercrossing diagram is a knot diagram with only one crossing that may involve more than two strands of the knot. Such a diagram without any nested loops is called a petal projection. Every knot has a petal projection from which the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2022-08-10 Allison Henrich , Robin Truax

In this paper, we study a geometric/topological measure of knots and links called the nullification number. The nullification of knots/links is believed to be biologically relevant. For example, in DNA topology, one can intuitively regard…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Yuanan Diao , Claus Ernst , Anthony Montemayor

We confirm the AJ conjecture [Ga04] that relates the A-polynomial and the colored Jones polynomial for those hyperbolic knots satisfying certain conditions. In particular, we show that the conjecture holds true for some classes of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-01-28 Thang T. Q. Le , Anh T. Tran

We prove that for any zero {\alpha} of the Alexander polynomial of a two-bridge knot, -3 < Re({\alpha}) < 6. Furthermore, for a large class of two-bridge knots we prove -1<Re({\alpha}).

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2011-02-04 Lilya Lyubich , Kunio Murasugi

We introduce a new numerical invariant of knots and links from the descending diagrams. It is considered to live between the unknotting number and the bridge number.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-24 Makoto Ozawa

A polynomial knot is a smooth embedding $\kappa: \real \to \real^n$ whose components are polynomials. The case $n = 3$ is of particular interest. It is both an object of real algebraic geometry as well as being an open ended topological…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alan Durfee , Donal O'Shea

In this note we use Blanchfield forms to study knots that can be turned into an unknot using a single $\overline{t}_{2k}$ move.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-10-02 Maciej Borodzik

For a knot K in S^3, let T(K) be the characteristic toric sub-orbifold of the orbifold (S^3,K) as defined by Bonahon and Siebenmann. If K has unknotting number one, we show that an unknotting arc for K can always be found which is disjoint…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-06-30 Cameron McA Gordon , John Luecke

The Jones unknot conjecture states that the Jones polynomial distinguishes the unknot from nontrivial knots. We prove it for knots up to 23 crossings.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-09-10 Robert E. Tuzun , Adam S. Sikora

Ozsvath and Szabo defined an analog of the Froyshov invariant in the form of a correction term for the grading in Heegaard Floer homology. Applying this to the double cover of the 3-sphere branched over a knot K, we obtain an invariant…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Ciprian Manolescu , Brendan Owens

Bankwitz characterized an alternating diagram representing the trivial knot. A non-alternating diagram is called almost alternating if one crossing change makes the diagram alternating. We characterize an almost alternaing diagram…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Tatsuya Tsukamoto

In the present paper, we will show that a $(p,q,r)$-pretzel knot has the representativity 3 if and only if $(p,q,r)$ is either $\pm(-2,3,3)$ or $\pm(-2,3,5)$. We also show that a large algebraic knot has the representativity less than or…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-11-17 Makoto Ozawa

We introduce a new numerical knot invariant, termed the \textit{segment number}, which is derived from partitioned knot diagrams subject to specific over/under-crossing constraints. We prove that a knot is non-trivial if and only if its…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Makoto Ozawa

It is found that the number, $M_n$, of irreducible multiple zeta values (MZVs) of weight $n$, is generated by $1-x^2-x^3=\prod_n (1-x^n)^{M_n}$. For $9\ge n\ge3$, $M_n$ enumerates positive knots with $n$ crossings. Positive knots to which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 D. J. Broadhurst , D. Kreimer