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Autonomous driving systems (ADS) have achieved remarkable progress in recent years. However, ensuring their safety and reliability remains a critical challenge due to the complexity and uncertainty of driving scenarios. In this paper, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Huiwen Yang , Yu Zhou , Taolue Chen

In this work, we present SafePlanner, a systematic testing framework for identifying safety-critical flaws in the Plan model of Automated Driving Systems (ADS). SafePlanner targets two core challenges: generating structurally meaningful…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Dohyun Kim , Sanggu Han , Sangmin Woo , Joonha Jang , Jaehoon Kim , Changhun Song , Yongdae Kim

Autonomous Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) rely on extensive testing to ensure safety and reliability, yet road scenario datasets often contain redundant cases that slow down the testing process without improving fault detection. To…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Qurban Ali , Andrea Stocco , Leonardo Mariani , Oliviero Riganelli

One of the major impediments in deployment of Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) is their safety and reliability. The primary reason for the complexity of testing ADS is that it operates in an open world characterized by its…

When developing autonomous driving systems (ADS), developers often need to replay previously collected driving recordings to check the correctness of newly introduced changes to the system. However, simply replaying the entire recording is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Yao Deng , Xi Zheng , Mengshi Zhang , Guannan Lou , Tianyi Zhang

The automotive industry is experiencing a transition from assisted to highly automated driving. New concepts for validation of Automated Driving System (ADS) include amongst other a shift from a "technology based" approach to a "scenario…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Ilona Cieslik , Víctor J. Expósito Jiménez , Helmut Martin , Heiko Scharke , Hannes Schneider

Simulation systems have become an essential component in the development and validation of autonomous driving technologies. The prevailing state-of-the-art approach for simulation is to use game engines or high-fidelity computer graphics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Wei Li , Chengwei Pan , Rong Zhang , Jiaping Ren , Yuexin Ma , Jin Fang , Feilong Yan , Qichuan Geng , Xinyu Huang , Huajun Gong , Weiwei Xu , Guoping Wang , Dinesh Manocha , Ruigang Yang

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) increasingly rely on learning-based perception, yet safety-relevant failures often arise without component malfunction, driven instead by partial observability and semantic ambiguity in how risk is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Jean Douglas Carvalho , Hugo Taciro Kenji , Ahmad Mohammad Saber , Glaucia Melo , Max Mauro Dias Santos , Deepa Kundur

The rapid progress of autonomous vehicles~(AVs) has brought the prospect of a driverless future closer than ever. Recent fatalities, however, have emphasized the importance of safety validation through large-scale testing. Multiple…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Huijia Sun , Christopher M. Poskitt , Yang Sun , Jun Sun , Yuqi Chen

Research into safety in autonomous and semi-autonomous vehicles has, so far, largely been focused on testing and validation through simulation. Due to the fact that failure of these autonomous systems is potentially life-endangering, formal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Francisco Eiras , Morteza Lahijanian , Marta Kwiatkowska

Driver's cognitive ability at a given moment is the most elusive variable in assessing driver's safety. In contrast to other physical conditions, such as short-sight, or manual disability cognitive ability is transient. Safety regulations…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Moti Salti , Yair Beery , Erez Aluf

Autonomous overtaking at high speeds is a challenging multi-agent robotics research problem. The high-speed and close proximity situations that arise in multi-agent autonomous racing require designing algorithms that trade off aggressive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Varundev Sukhil , Madhur Behl

Classical approaches and procedures for testing of automated vehicles of SAE levels 1 and 2 were based on defined scenarios with specific maneuvers, depending on the function under test. For automated driving systems (ADS) of SAE level 3+,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Demin Nalic , Hexuan Li , Arno Eichberger , Christoph Wellershaus , Aleksa Pandurevic , Branko Rogic

Autonomous vehicles are continually increasing their presence on public roads. However, before any new autonomous driving software can be approved, it must first undergo a rigorous assessment of driving quality. These quality evaluations…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-18 Maria A. Terres , Aiyou Chen , Ruixuan Rachel Zhou , Claire M. McLeod

Testing autonomous driving systems (ADS) is critical to ensuring their reliability and safety. Existing ADS testing works focuses on designing scenarios to evaluate system-level behaviors, while fine-grained testing of ADS source code has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Wenhan Wang , Xuan Xie , Yuheng Huang , Renzhi Wang , An Ran Chen , Lei Ma

Autonomous cars can reduce road traffic accidents and provide a safer mode of transport. However, key technical challenges, such as safe navigation in complex urban environments, need to be addressed before deploying these vehicles on the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Smit Saparia , Andreas Schimpe , Laura Ferranti

There is a growing interest in integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with autonomous driving (AD) systems. However, AD systems are vulnerable to attacks against their object detection and tracking (ODT) functions. Unfortunately, our…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Ruoyu Song , Muslum Ozgur Ozmen , Hyungsub Kim , Antonio Bianchi , Z. Berkay Celik

Effective leveraging of real-world driving datasets is crucial for enhancing the training of autonomous driving systems. While Offline Reinforcement Learning enables training autonomous vehicles with such data, most available datasets lack…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Vinal Asodia , Barkin Dagda , Yinglong He , Zhenhua Feng , Saber Fallah

Extensive simulation-based testing is important for assuring the safety of autonomous driving systems (ADS). However, generating safety-critical traffic scenarios remains challenging because failures often arise from rare, complex…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Dmytro Humeniuk , Mohammad Hamdaqa , Houssem Ben Braiek , Amel Bennaceur , Foutse Khomh

As AVs grow in complexity and diversity, identifying the root causes of operational failures has become increasingly complex. The heterogeneity of system architectures across manufacturers, ranging from end-to-end to modular designs,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Erick Silva , Rehana Yasmin , Ali Shoker