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In semi-supervised medical image segmentation, the poor quality of unlabeled data and the uncertainty in the model's predictions lead to models that inevitably produce erroneous pseudo-labels. These errors accumulate throughout model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shiwei Zhou , Xin Liu , Haifeng Zhao , Bin Luo , Dengdi Sun

In this paper, we present our solution for the semi-supervised learning track (MER-SEMI) in MER2025. We propose a comprehensive framework, grounded in the principle that "more is better," to construct a robust Mixture of Experts (MoE)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Jun Xie , Yingjian Zhu , Feng Chen , Zhenghao Zhang , Xiaohui Fan , Hongzhu Yi , Xinming Wang , Chen Yu , Yue Bi , Zhaoran Zhao , Xiongjun Guan , Zhepeng Wang

Image emotion classification (IEC) is a longstanding research field that has received increasing attention with the rapid progress of deep learning. Although recent advances have leveraged the knowledge encoded in pre-trained visual models,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zibo Zhou , Zhengjun Zhai , Huimin Chen , Wei Dai , Hansen Yang

The task of predicting affective information in the wild such as seven basic emotions or action units from human faces has gradually become more interesting due to the accessibility and availability of massive annotated datasets. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Phan Tran Dac Thinh , Hoang Manh Hung , Hyung-Jeong Yang , Soo-Hyung Kim , Guee-Sang Lee

Many machine learning tasks involve inherent subjectivity, where annotators naturally provide varied labels. Standard practice collapses these label distributions into single labels, aggregating diverse human judgments into point estimates.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Agamdeep Singh , Ashish Tiwari , Hosein Hasanbeig , Priyanshu Gupta

Any data annotation for subjective tasks shows potential variations between individuals. This is particularly true for annotations of emotional responses to musical stimuli. While older approaches to music emotion recognition systems…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Karn N. Watcharasupat , Yiwei Ding , T. Aleksandra Ma , Pavan Seshadri , Alexander Lerch

Uncertainty quantification is one of the most crucial tasks to obtain trustworthy and reliable machine learning models for decision making. However, most research in this domain has only focused on problems with small label spaces and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Jyun-Yu Jiang , Wei-Cheng Chang , Jiong Zhong , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Hsiang-Fu Yu

Annotating datasets is one of the main costs in nowadays supervised learning. The goal of weak supervision is to enable models to learn using only forms of labelling which are cheaper to collect, as partial labelling. This is a type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Vivien Cabannes , Alessandro Rudi , Francis Bach

This paper develops a theory of learning under ambiguity induced by the decision maker's beliefs about the collection of data correlated with the true state of the world. Within our framework, two classical results on Bayesian learning…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-02-10 Cheaheon Lim

Many structured prediction problems (particularly in vision and language domains) are ambiguous, with multiple outputs being correct for an input - e.g. there are many ways of describing an image, multiple ways of translating a sentence;…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-11 Ashwin Kalyan , Stefan Lee , Anitha Kannan , Dhruv Batra

When visual evidence is ambiguous, vision models must decide whether to interpret face-like patterns as meaningful. Face pareidolia, the perception of faces in non-face objects, provides a controlled probe of this behavior. We introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Qianpu Chen , Derya Soydaner , Rob Saunders

Human emotion is expressed in many communication modalities and media formats and so their computational study is equally diversified into natural language processing, audio signal analysis, computer vision, etc. Similarly, the large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Sven Buechel , Udo Hahn

Multimodal multi-label emotion recognition (MMER) aims to identify the concurrent presence of multiple emotions in multimodal data. Existing studies primarily focus on improving fusion strategies and modeling modality-to-label dependencies.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jingwang Huang , Jiang Zhong , Qin Lei , Jinpeng Gao , Yuming Yang , Sirui Wang , Peiguang Li , Kaiwen Wei

List-wise learning to rank methods are considered to be the state-of-the-art. One of the major problems with these methods is that the ambiguous nature of relevance labels in learning to rank data is ignored. Ambiguity of relevance labels…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-07-26 Rolf Jagerman , Julia Kiseleva , Maarten de Rijke

Multimodal emotion recognition in conversations (mERC) is an active research topic in natural language processing (NLP), which aims to predict human's emotional states in communications of multiple modalities, e,g., natural language and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Jinglin Wang , Fang Ma , Yazhou Zhang , Dawei Song

Most NLP and Computer Vision tasks are limited to scarcity of labelled data. In social media emotion classification and other related tasks, hashtags have been used as indicators to label data. With the rapid increase in emoji usage of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-01 Anurag Illendula , Amit Sheth

In this paper, we propose an attention-based classifier that predicts multiple emotions of a given sentence. Our model imitates human's two-step procedure of sentence understanding and it can effectively represent and classify sentences.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Yanghoon Kim , Hwanhee Lee , Kyomin Jung

Language models have recently achieved strong performance across a wide range of NLP benchmarks. However, unlike benchmarks, real world tasks are often poorly specified, and agents must deduce the user's intended behavior from a combination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Alex Tamkin , Kunal Handa , Avash Shrestha , Noah Goodman

Jointly extracting entity pairs and their relations is challenging when working on distantly-supervised data with ambiguous or noisy labels. To mitigate such impact, we propose uncertainty-aware bootstrap learning, which is motivated by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Yufei Li , Xiao Yu , Yanchi Liu , Haifeng Chen , Cong Liu

Audio classification has seen great progress with the increasing availability of large-scale datasets. These large datasets, however, are often only partially labeled as collecting full annotations is a tedious and expensive process. This…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Siddharth Gururani , Alexander Lerch