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Saving, or checkpointing, intermediate results during interactive data exploration can potentially boost user productivity. However, existing studies on this topic are limited, as they primarily rely on small-scale experiments with human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Hanxi Fang , Supawit Chockchowwat , Hari Sundaram , Yongjoo Park

As machine learning systems become more powerful they also become increasingly unpredictable and opaque. Yet, finding human-understandable explanations of how they work is essential for their safe deployment. This technical report…

Evaluating alignment in language models requires testing how they behave under realistic pressure, not just what they claim they would do. While alignment failures increasingly cause real-world harm, comprehensive evaluation frameworks with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Nora Petrova , John Burden

Agents operating with computer and Web use inevitably encounter errors: inaccessible webpages, missing files, local and remote misconfigurations, etc. These errors do not thwart agents based on state-of-the-art models. They helpfully…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Rishi Jha , Harold Triedman , Arkaprabha Bhattacharya , Vitaly Shmatikov

Explaining how to get from A to B can be challenging. It requires mentally simulating what the listener will do based on what they are told. To capture this process, we propose a computational model that converts utterances into action…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hanqi Zhou , Britt Besch , Charley M. Wu , Tobias Gerstenberg

A deviation detection aims to detect deviating process instances, e.g., patients in the healthcare process and products in the manufacturing process. A business process of an organization is executed in various contextual situations, e.g.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Gyunam Park , Janik-Vasily Benzin , Wil M. P. van der Aalst

A long-term goal of language agents is to learn and improve through their own experience, ultimately outperforming humans in complex, real-world tasks. However, training agents from experience data with reinforcement learning remains…

Despite rapid progress in autonomous web agents, human involvement remains essential for shaping preferences and correcting agent behavior as tasks unfold. However, current agentic systems lack a principled understanding of when and why…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Faria Huq , Zora Zhiruo Wang , Zhanqiu Guo , Venu Arvind Arangarajan , Tianyue Ou , Frank Xu , Shuyan Zhou , Graham Neubig , Jeffrey P. Bigham

Modern AI agents increasingly combine conversational interaction with autonomous task execution, such as coding and web research, raising a natural question: What happens when an agent engaged in long-horizon tasks is exposed to user…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Hyejun Jeong , Amir Houmansadr , Shlomo Zilberstein , Eugene Bagdasarian

Agent benchmarks have become the de facto measure of frontier AI competence, guiding model selection, investment, and deployment. However, reward hacking, where agents maximize a score without performing the intended task, emerges…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Hao Wang , Hanchen Li , Qiuyang Mang , Alvin Cheung , Koushik Sen , Dawn Song

Web Agents are increasingly deployed to perform complex tasks in real web environments, yet their security evaluation remains fragmented and difficult to standardize. We present WebTrap Park, an automated platform for systematic security…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Xinyi Wu , Jiagui Chen , Geng Hong , Jiayi Dong , Xudong Pan , Jiarun Dai , Min Yang

Retrieving real-time information is a fundamental capability for search-integrated agents in real-world applications. However, existing benchmarks are predominantly static and therefore fail to capture the temporal dynamics of information…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wenjie Zhou , Yuan Gao , Xin Zhou , Hao Fu , Zhongjian Miao , Wei Chen , Bo Chen , Xiaobing Zhao

Deceptive patterns in digital interfaces manipulate users into making unintended decisions, exploiting cognitive biases and psychological vulnerabilities. These patterns have become ubiquitous on various digital platforms. While efforts to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Asmit Nayak , Shirley Zhang , Yash Wani , Rishabh Khandelwal , Kassem Fawaz

LLMs have made significant progress in complex but easy-to-verify problems, yet they still struggle with discovering the unknown. In this paper, we present \textbf{AlphaResearch}, an autonomous research agent designed to discover new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Zhaojian Yu , Kaiyue Feng , Yilun Zhao , Shilin He , Xiao-Ping Zhang , Arman Cohan

As LLM-based computer-use agents (CUAs) begin to autonomously interact with real-world interfaces, understanding their vulnerability to manipulative interface designs becomes increasingly critical. We introduce SusBench, an online benchmark…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Longjie Guo , Chenjie Yuan , Mingyuan Zhong , Robert Wolfe , Ruican Zhong , Yue Xu , Bingbing Wen , Hua Shen , Lucy Lu Wang , Alexis Hiniker

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) promise to accelerate scientific discovery end-to-end, but rigorously evaluating their capacity for verifiable discovery remains a central challenge. Existing benchmarks face a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zhen Wang , Fan Bai , Zhongyan Luo , Jinyan Su , Kaiser Sun , Xinle Yu , Jieyuan Liu , Kun Zhou , Claire Cardie , Mark Dredze , Eric P. Xing , Zhiting Hu

As data-driven methods, artificial intelligence (AI), and automated workflows accelerate scientific tasks, we see the rate of discovery increasingly limited by human decision-making tasks such as setting objectives, generating hypotheses,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-16 J. Gregory Pauloski , Kyle Chard , Ian T. Foster

The hidden-action model captures a fundamental problem of principal-agent theory and provides an optimal sharing rule when only the outcome but not the effort can be observed. However, the hidden-action model builds on various explicit and…

General Economics · Economics 2020-04-15 Stephan Leitner , Friederike Wall

Modern analytics systems are fundamentally reactive, requiring users to define queries over increasingly complex and continuously evolving data. In real-time streaming environments, this paradigm breaks down, as the space of potential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Gaetano Rossiello , Dharmashankar Subramanian

Drawing reliable inferences from data involves many, sometimes arbitrary, decisions across phases of data collection, wrangling, and modeling. As different choices can lead to diverging conclusions, understanding how researchers make…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Yang Liu , Tim Althoff , Jeffrey Heer