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In high-stakes domains like legal question-answering, the accuracy and trustworthiness of generative AI systems are of paramount importance. This work presents a comprehensive benchmark of various methods to assess the groundedness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Dietrich Trautmann , Natalia Ostapuk , Quentin Grail , Adrian Alan Pol , Guglielmo Bonifazi , Shang Gao , Martin Gajek

In addition to the traditional task of getting machines to answer questions, a major research question in question answering is to create interesting, challenging questions that can help systems learn how to answer questions and also reveal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Jordan Boyd-Graber , Benjamin Börschinger

A number of exciting advances have been made in automated fact-checking thanks to increasingly larger datasets and more powerful systems, leading to improvements in the complexity of claims which can be accurately fact-checked. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Neema Kotonya , Francesca Toni

AI researchers employ not only the scientific method, but also methodology from mathematics and engineering. However, the use of the scientific method - specifically hypothesis testing - in AI is typically conducted in service of…

Generative AI systems have entered everyday academic, professional, and personal life with remarkable speed, yet most users encounter them as mysterious artifacts rather than intelligible systems. This chapter discusses large language…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-21 John T. Behrens

We characterize three notions of explainable AI that cut across research fields: opaque systems that offer no insight into its algo- rithmic mechanisms; interpretable systems where users can mathemat- ically analyze its algorithmic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Derek Doran , Sarah Schulz , Tarek R. Besold

Educators have started to turn to Generative AI (GenAI) to help create new course content, but little is known about how they should do so. In this project, we investigated the first steps for optimizing content creation for advanced math.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yongan Yu , Alexandre Krantz , Nikki G. Lobczowski

Increasingly, laws are being proposed and passed by governments around the world to regulate Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems implemented into the public and private sectors. Many of these regulations address the transparency of AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Andrew Bell , Oded Nov , Julia Stoyanovich

AI for Mathematics (AI4Math) has emerged as a distinct field that leverages machine learning to navigate mathematical landscapes historically intractable for early symbolic systems. While mid-20th-century symbolic approaches successfully…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Haocheng Ju , Bin Dong

The potential for artificial intelligence (AI) to take over the work of physicists should be treated with glee. Here I evaluate one of the scientific discoveries in quantum photonics made by a leading AI in the field, in order to try and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-13 Terry Rudolph

The widespread diffusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based systems offers many opportunities to contribute to the well-being of individuals and the advancement of economies and societies. This diffusion is, however, closely accompanied…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-18 L. H. Nguyen , S. Lins , M. Renner , A. Sunyaev

As artificial intelligence increasingly influences our world, it becomes crucial to assess its technical progress and societal impact. This paper surveys problems and opportunities in the measurement of AI systems and their impact, based on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Saurabh Mishra , Jack Clark , C. Raymond Perrault

In recent months, large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in mathematical proof generation, but further advancement is hindered by the lack of a large-scale, high-quality dataset of human-evaluated proofs. While…

Background. Reproducibility is essential to the scientific method, but reproduction is often a laborious task. Recent works have attempted to automate this process and relieve researchers of this workload. However, due to varying…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Thijs Snelleman , Peter Lundestad Lawrence , Holger H. Hoos , Odd Erik Gundersen

Explainability and comprehensibility of AI are important requirements for intelligent systems deployed in real-world domains. Users want and frequently need to understand how decisions impacting them are made. Similarly it is important to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Roman V. Yampolskiy

We discuss the adequacy of tests for intelligent systems and practical problems raised by their implementation. We propose the replacement test as the ability of a system to replace successfully another system performing a task in a given…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Joseph Sifakis

The purpose of this article is to review the achievements made in the last few years towards the understanding of the reasons behind the success and subtleties of neural network-based machine learning. In the tradition of good old applied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Weinan E , Chao Ma , Stephan Wojtowytsch , Lei Wu

The evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has rendered the boundary between humanity and computational machinery increasingly ambiguous. In the presence of more interwoven relationships within human-machine symbiosis, the very notion of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Ching-Chun Chang , Yuchen Guo , Hanrui Wang , Timo Spinde , Isao Echizen

Inspired by recent and revolutionary developments in AI, particularly in language understanding and generation, we set about designing AI systems that are able to address complex scientific tasks that challenge human capabilities to make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 José Manuel Gómez-Pérez

Artificial intelligence (AI) was initially developed as an implicit moral agent to solve simple and clearly defined tasks where all options are predictable. However, it is now part of our daily life powering cell phones, cameras, watches,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Mohamed Akrout , Robert Steinbauer