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We propose a novel second-order ODE as the continuous-time limit of a Riemannian accelerated gradient-based method on a manifold with curvature bounded from below. This ODE can be seen as a generalization of the ODE derived for Euclidean…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-10 Foivos Alimisis , Antonio Orvieto , Gary Bécigneul , Aurelien Lucchi

We derive a deterministic, non-asymptotic upper bound on the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence of the flow-matching distribution approximation. In particular, if the $L_2$ flow-matching loss is bounded by $\epsilon^2 > 0$, then the KL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Maojiang Su , Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Sophia Pi , Han Liu

Modern machine learning increasingly leverages the insight that high-dimensional data often lie near low-dimensional, non-linear manifolds, an idea known as the manifold hypothesis. By explicitly modeling the geometric structure of data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Willem Diepeveen , Deanna Needell

This paper presents a nonlinear reduced-order modeling (ROM) framework that leverages deep learning and manifold learning to predict compressible flow fields with complex nonlinear features, including shock waves. The proposed DeepManifold…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-12-17 Bilal Mufti , Christian Perron , Dimitri N. Mavris

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) represent a recent advance in generative modelling that has delivered state-of-the-art results across many domains of applications. Despite their success, a rigorous theoretical understanding…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Miha Brešar , Aleksandar Mijatović

Generative modeling over discrete data has recently seen numerous success stories, with applications spanning language modeling, biological sequence design, and graph-structured molecular data. The predominant generative modeling paradigm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Oscar Davis , Samuel Kessler , Mircea Petrache , İsmail İlkan Ceylan , Michael Bronstein , Avishek Joey Bose

Flow matching (FM) models extend ODE sampler based diffusion models into a general framework, significantly reducing sampling steps through learned vector fields. However, the theoretical understanding of FM models, particularly how their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Zhengchao Wan , Qingsong Wang , Gal Mishne , Yusu Wang

In this paper, we propose RiemannianFlow, a deep generative model that allows robots to learn complex and stable skills evolving on Riemannian manifolds. Examples of Riemannian data in robotics include stiffness (symmetric and positive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Weitao Wang , Matteo Saveriano , Fares J. Abu-Dakka

One-step generative modeling seeks to generate high-quality data samples in a single function evaluation, significantly improving efficiency over traditional diffusion or flow-based models. In this work, we introduce Modular MeanFlow (MMF),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Haochen You , Baojing Liu , Hongyang He

Flow Matching has recently emerged as a popular class of generative models for simulating a target distribution $\mu_1$ from samples drawn from a source distribution $\mu_0$. This framework relies on a fixed coupling between $\mu_0$ and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Le-Tuyet-Nhi Pham , Giovanni Conforti , Zhenjie Ren , Alain Durmus

We introduce a new paradigm for generative modeling built on Continuous Normalizing Flows (CNFs), allowing us to train CNFs at unprecedented scale. Specifically, we present the notion of Flow Matching (FM), a simulation-free approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yaron Lipman , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Heli Ben-Hamu , Maximilian Nickel , Matt Le

We introduce Riemannian Flow Matching Policies (RFMP), a novel model for learning and synthesizing robot visuomotor policies. RFMP leverages the efficient training and inference capabilities of flow matching methods. By design, RFMP…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Max Braun , Noémie Jaquier , Leonel Rozo , Tamim Asfour

Enhancing the efficiency of high-quality image generation using Diffusion Models (DMs) is a significant challenge due to the iterative nature of the process. Flow Matching (FM) is emerging as a powerful generative modeling paradigm based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Pascal Zwick , Nils Friederich , Maximilian Beichter , Lennart Hilbert , Ralf Mikut , Oliver Bringmann

Recently, flow-based generative models have shown superior efficiency compared to diffusion models. In this paper, we study rectified flow models, which constrain transport trajectories to be linear from the base distribution to the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Hari Krishna Sahoo , Mudit Gaur , Vaneet Aggarwal

Flow Matching has limited ability in achieving one-step generation due to its reliance on learned curved trajectories. Previous studies have attempted to address this limitation by either modifying the coupling distribution to prevent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Chenrui Ma , Xi Xiao , Tianyang Wang , Xiao Wang , Yanning Shen

We construct a Wasserstein gradient flow of the maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) and study its convergence properties. The MMD is an integral probability metric defined for a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS), and serves as a metric on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-04 Michael Arbel , Anna Korba , Adil Salim , Arthur Gretton

Flow matching (FM) is a family of training algorithms for fitting continuous normalizing flows (CNFs). Conditional flow matching (CFM) exploits the fact that the marginal vector field of a CNF can be learned by fitting least-squares…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-04 Ganchao Wei , Li Ma

Consistency models are a class of generative models that enable few-step generation for diffusion and flow matching models. While consistency models have achieved promising results on Euclidean domains like images, their applications to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Chaoran Cheng , Yusong Wang , Yuxin Chen , Xiangxin Zhou , Nanning Zheng , Ge Liu

Current discriminative depth estimation methods often produce blurry artifacts, while generative approaches suffer from slow sampling due to curvatures in the noise-to-depth transport. Our method addresses these challenges by framing depth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Ming Gui , Johannes Schusterbauer , Ulrich Prestel , Pingchuan Ma , Dmytro Kotovenko , Olga Grebenkova , Stefan Andreas Baumann , Vincent Tao Hu , Björn Ommer

Leveraging representation encoders for generative modeling offers a path for efficient, high-fidelity synthesis. However, standard diffusion transformers fail to converge on these representations directly. While recent work attributes this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Amandeep Kumar , Vishal M. Patel
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