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Neural networks can conceal malicious Trojan backdoors that allow a trigger to covertly change the model behavior. Detecting signs of these backdoors, particularly without access to any triggered data, is the subject of ongoing research and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Todd Huster , Peter Lin , Razvan Stefanescu , Emmanuel Ekwedike , Ritu Chadha

Trojan backdoor is a poisoning attack against Neural Network (NN) classifiers in which adversaries try to exploit the (highly desirable) model reuse property to implant Trojans into model parameters for backdoor breaches through a poisoned…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Guanxiong Liu , Abdallah Khreishah , Fatima Sharadgah , Issa Khalil

Robotic manipulation policies are increasingly empowered by \textit{large language models} (LLMs) and \textit{vision-language models} (VLMs), leveraging their understanding and perception capabilities. Recently, inference-time attacks…

Neural networks are vulnerable to backdoor poisoning attacks, where the attackers maliciously poison the training set and insert triggers into the test input to change the prediction of the victim model. Existing defenses for backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Yuhao Zhang , Aws Albarghouthi , Loris D'Antoni

Neural backdoors represent one primary threat to the security of deep learning systems. The intensive research has produced a plethora of backdoor attacks/defenses, resulting in a constant arms race. However, due to the lack of evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Ren Pang , Zheng Zhang , Xiangshan Gao , Zhaohan Xi , Shouling Ji , Peng Cheng , Xiapu Luo , Ting Wang

While neural networks demonstrate stronger capabilities in pattern recognition nowadays, they are also becoming larger and deeper. As a result, the effort needed to train a network also increases dramatically. In many cases, it is more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuntao Liu , Yang Xie , Ankur Srivastava

Logic locking has been proposed to safeguard intellectual property (IP) during chip fabrication. Logic locking techniques protect hardware IP by making a subset of combinational modules in a design dependent on a secret key that is withheld…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Hongye Xu , Dongfang Liu , Cory Merkel , Michael Zuzak

Machine learning models that use deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. An adversary carrying out a backdoor attack embeds a predefined perturbation called a trigger into a small subset of input samples and trains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Arezoo Rajabi , Surudhi Asokraj , Fengqing Jiang , Luyao Niu , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Jim Ritcey , Radha Poovendran

Neural networks have achieved state-of-the-art performance in solving many problems, including many applications in safety/security-critical systems. Researchers also discovered multiple security issues associated with neural networks. One…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Long H. Pham , Jun Sun

Along with the success of deep neural network (DNN) models, rise the threats to the integrity of these models. A recent threat is the Trojan attack where an attacker interferes with the training pipeline by inserting triggers into some of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Marzieh Edraki , Nazmul Karim , Nazanin Rahnavard , Ajmal Mian , Mubarak Shah

Deep Neural Networks are vulnerable to Trojan (or backdoor) attacks. Reverse-engineering methods can reconstruct the trigger and thus identify affected models. Existing reverse-engineering methods only consider input space constraints,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Zhenting Wang , Kai Mei , Hailun Ding , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma

The backdoor attack, where the adversary uses inputs stamped with triggers (e.g., a patch) to activate pre-planted malicious behaviors, is a severe threat to Deep Neural Network (DNN) models. Trigger inversion is an effective way of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Zhenting Wang , Kai Mei , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma

Neural networks are widely known to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks, a method that poisons a portion of the training data to make the target model perform well on normal data sets, while outputting attacker-specified or random categories…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yong Li , Han Gao

Deep Learning (DL) has become a key technology that assists radio frequency (RF) signal classification applications, such as modulation classification. However, the DL models are vulnerable to adversarial machine learning threats, such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Younes Salmi , Hanna Bogucka

Deep neural networks have been shown to be vulnerable to backdoor, or trojan, attacks where an adversary has embedded a trigger in the network at training time such that the model correctly classifies all standard inputs, but generates a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Greg Fields , Mohammad Samragh , Mojan Javaheripi , Farinaz Koushanfar , Tara Javidi

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been proven vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where hidden features (patterns) trained to a normal model, which is only activated by some specific input (called triggers), trick the model into producing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Shaofeng Li , Minhui Xue , Benjamin Zi Hao Zhao , Haojin Zhu , Xinpeng Zhang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been applied successfully in computer vision. However, their wide adoption in image-related applications is threatened by their vulnerability to trojan attacks. These attacks insert some misbehavior at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Miguel Villarreal-Vasquez , Bharat Bhargava

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is one of the most popular algorithms to realize an autonomous driving (AD) system. The key success factor of DRL is that it embraces the perception capability of deep neural networks which, however, have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Yinbo Yu , Jiajia Liu

Recent work has demonstrated robust mechanisms by which attacks can be orchestrated on machine learning models. In contrast to adversarial examples, backdoor or trojan attacks embed surgically modified samples with targeted labels in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Zhaoyuan Yang , Naresh Iyer , Johan Reimann , Nurali Virani

Legged locomotion has recently achieved remarkable success with the progress of machine learning techniques, especially deep reinforcement learning (RL). Controllers employing neural networks have demonstrated empirical and qualitative…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Fan Shi , Chong Zhang , Takahiro Miki , Joonho Lee , Marco Hutter , Stelian Coros