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Vision Language Action models (VLAs) trained with policy-based reinforcement learning (RL) encode complex behaviors without explicitly modeling environmental dynamics. However, it remains unclear whether VLAs implicitly learn world models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Marco Molinari , Leonardo Nevali , Saharsha Navani , Omar G. Younis

The challenge of navigation in environments with dynamic objects continues to be a central issue in the study of autonomous agents. While predictive methods hold promise, their reliance on precise state information makes them less practical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Hsuan-Kung Yang , Tsung-Chih Chiang , Ting-Ru Liu , Chun-Wei Huang , Jou-Min Liu , Chun-Yi Lee

A crucial capability of real-world intelligent agents is their ability to plan a sequence of actions to achieve their goals in the visual world. In this work, we address the problem of visual semantic planning: the task of predicting a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Yuke Zhu , Daniel Gordon , Eric Kolve , Dieter Fox , Li Fei-Fei , Abhinav Gupta , Roozbeh Mottaghi , Ali Farhadi

For an autonomous agent to fulfill a wide range of user-specified goals at test time, it must be able to learn broadly applicable and general-purpose skill repertoires. Furthermore, to provide the requisite level of generality, these skills…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-05 Ashvin Nair , Vitchyr Pong , Murtaza Dalal , Shikhar Bahl , Steven Lin , Sergey Levine

Current end-to-end deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) approaches require jointly learning perception, decision-making and low-level control from very sparse reward signals and high-dimensional inputs, with little capability of incorporating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Vibhavari Dasagi , Robert Lee , Serena Mou , Jake Bruce , Niko Sünderhauf , Jürgen Leitner

Visual servoing enables robots to precisely position their end-effector relative to a target object. While classical methods rely on hand-crafted features and thus are universally applicable without task-specific training, they often…

Data driven approaches for decision making applied to automated driving require appropriate generalization strategies, to ensure applicability to the world's variability. Current approaches either do not generalize well beyond the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Karl Kurzer , Philip Schörner , Alexander Albers , Hauke Thomsen , Karam Daaboul , J. Marius Zöllner

Embodied AI models often employ off the shelf vision backbones like CLIP to encode their visual observations. Although such general purpose representations encode rich syntactic and semantic information about the scene, much of this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Ainaz Eftekhar , Kuo-Hao Zeng , Jiafei Duan , Ali Farhadi , Ani Kembhavi , Ranjay Krishna

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models built upon pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved significant improvements in robotic manipulation. However, current VLAs still suffer from low sample efficiency and limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Shangchen Miao , Ningya Feng , Jialong Wu , Ye Lin , Xu He , Dong Li , Mingsheng Long

Our understanding of the world depends highly on our capacity to produce intuitive and simplified representations which can be easily used to solve problems. We reproduce this simplification process using a neural network to build a low…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Timothée Lesort , Mathieu Seurin , Xinrui Li , Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez , David Filliat

Evaluating robot control policies is difficult: real-world testing is costly, and handcrafted simulators require manual effort to improve in realism and generality. We propose a world-model-based policy evaluation environment (WorldGym), an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Julian Quevedo , Ansh Kumar Sharma , Yixiang Sun , Varad Suryavanshi , Percy Liang , Sherry Yang

Recent work in visual representation learning for robotics demonstrates the viability of learning from large video datasets of humans performing everyday tasks. Leveraging methods such as masked autoencoding and contrastive learning, these…

Visual domain randomization in simulated environments is a widely used method to transfer policies trained in simulation to real robots. However, domain randomization and augmentation hamper the training of a policy. As reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Artemij Amiranashvili , Max Argus , Lukas Hermann , Wolfram Burgard , Thomas Brox

We are motivated by the problem of learning policies for robotic systems with rich sensory inputs (e.g., vision) in a manner that allows us to guarantee generalization to environments unseen during training. We provide a framework for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Abhinav Agarwal , Sushant Veer , Allen Z. Ren , Anirudha Majumdar

Evolutionary robot systems are usually affected by the properties of the environment indirectly through selection. In this paper, we present and investigate a system where the environment also has a direct effect: through regulation. We…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Karine Miras , Eliseo Ferrante , A. E. Eiben

Choosing an appropriate representation of the environment for the underlying decision-making process of the reinforcement learning agent is not always straightforward. The state representation should be inclusive enough to allow the agent…

How much does having visual priors about the world (e.g. the fact that the world is 3D) assist in learning to perform downstream motor tasks (e.g. navigating a complex environment)? What are the consequences of not utilizing such visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-25 Alexander Sax , Jeffrey O. Zhang , Bradley Emi , Amir Zamir , Silvio Savarese , Leonidas Guibas , Jitendra Malik

The pre-training of visual representations has enhanced the efficiency of robot learning. Due to the lack of large-scale in-domain robotic datasets, prior works utilize in-the-wild human videos to pre-train robotic visual representation.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Guangqi Jiang , Yifei Sun , Tao Huang , Huanyu Li , Yongyuan Liang , Huazhe Xu

A crucial aspect in reliable machine learning is to design a deployable system in generalizing new related but unobserved environments. Domain generalization aims to alleviate such a prediction gap between the observed and unseen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Changjian Shui , Boyu Wang , Christian Gagné

Learning sensorimotor control policies from high-dimensional images crucially relies on the quality of the underlying visual representations. Prior works show that structured latent space such as visual keypoints often outperforms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Boyuan Chen , Pieter Abbeel , Deepak Pathak
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