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Code-Switching (CS) multilingual Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models can transcribe speech containing two or more alternating languages during a conversation. This paper proposes (1) a new method for creating code-switching ASR…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Kunal Dhawan , Dima Rekesh , Boris Ginsburg

Existing research suggests that automatic speech recognition (ASR) models can benefit from additional contexts (e.g., contact lists, user specified vocabulary). Rare words and named entities can be better recognized with contexts. In this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-16 Ruizhe Huang , Mahsa Yarmohammadi , Sanjeev Khudanpur , Daniel Povey

Context-aware processing mechanisms have increasingly become a critical area of exploration for improving the semantic and contextual capabilities of language generation models. The Context-Aware Semantic Recomposition Mechanism (CASRM) was…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Richard Katrix , Quentin Carroway , Rowan Hawkesbury , Matthias Heathfield

This paper investigates the in-context learning abilities of the Whisper automatic speech recognition (ASR) models released by OpenAI. A novel speech-based in-context learning (SICL) approach is proposed for test-time adaptation, which can…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-21 Siyin Wang , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Ji Wu , Chao Zhang

Dysarthric speech exhibits abnormal prosody and significant speaker variability, presenting persistent challenges for automatic speech recognition (ASR). While text-to-speech (TTS)-based data augmentation has shown potential, existing…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Minghui Wu , Xueling Liu , Jiahuan Fan , Haitao Tang , Yanyong Zhang , Yue Zhang

In this paper, we address the problem of answering complex information needs by conversing conversations with search engines, in the sense that users can express their queries in natural language, and directly receivethe information they…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Evangelos Kanoulas , Christof Monz , Maarten de Rijke

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) in Sanskrit is interesting, owing to the various linguistic peculiarities present in the language. The Sanskrit language is lexically productive, undergoes euphonic assimilation of phones at the word…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-26 Devaraja Adiga , Rishabh Kumar , Amrith Krishna , Preethi Jyothi , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Pawan Goyal

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) models have recently demonstrated superior performance over the traditional hybrid ASR models. Training an E2E ASR model requires a large amount of data which is not only expensive but may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Amin Fazel , Wei Yang , Yulan Liu , Roberto Barra-Chicote , Yixiong Meng , Roland Maas , Jasha Droppo

During conversations, humans are capable of inferring the intention of the speaker at any point of the speech to prepare the following action promptly. Such ability is also the key for conversational systems to achieve rhythmic and natural…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Huaibo Zhao , Shinya Fujie , Tetsuji Ogawa , Jin Sakuma , Yusuke Kida , Tetsunori Kobayashi

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) has the potential to substantially reduce manual annotation effort in child speech research by generating automatic transcriptions. However, obtaining reliably high-quality ASR transcriptions for child…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Gus Lathouwers , Lingyun Gao , Catia Cucchiarini , Helmer Strik

We study device-addressed speech detection under pre-ASR edge deployment constraints, where systems must decide whether to forward audio before transcription under strict latency and compute limits. We show that, in multi-speaker…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-10 David Joohun Kim , Daniyal Anjum , Bonny Banerjee , Omar Abbasi

While Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models have shown significant advances with the introduction of unsupervised or self-supervised training techniques, these improvements are still only limited to a subsection of languages and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Theresa Pekarek Rosin , Stefan Wermter

Conversational recommender systems (CRSs) aim to provide recommendation services via natural language conversations. Although a number of approaches have been proposed for developing capable CRSs, they typically rely on sufficient training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Xiaolei Wang , Kun Zhou , Xinyu Tang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Fan Pan , Zhao Cao , Ji-Rong Wen

Under noisy conditions, automatic speech recognition (ASR) can greatly benefit from the addition of visual signals coming from a video of the speaker's face. However, when multiple candidate speakers are visible this traditionally requires…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-12 Otavio Braga , Olivier Siohan

We propose a simple method for automatic speech recognition (ASR) by fine-tuning BERT, which is a language model (LM) trained on large-scale unlabeled text data and can generate rich contextual representations. Our assumption is that given…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Wen-Chin Huang , Chia-Hua Wu , Shang-Bao Luo , Kuan-Yu Chen , Hsin-Min Wang , Tomoki Toda

Scores from traditional confidence classifiers (CCs) in automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems lack universal interpretation and vary with updates to the underlying confidence or acoustic models (AMs). In this work, we build…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-02 Amber Afshan , Kshitiz Kumar , Jian Wu

Edge-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) technologies are increasingly prevalent in the development of intelligent and personalized assistants. However, resource-constrained ASR models face significant challenges in adaptivity,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Amir Nassereldine , Dancheng Liu , Chenhui Xu , Ruiyang Qin , Yiyu Shi , Jinjun Xiong

The goal of multilingual speech technology is to facilitate seamless communication between individuals speaking different languages, creating the experience as though everyone were a multilingual speaker. To create this experience, speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Supriti Sinhamahapatra , Thai-Binh Nguyen , Yiğit Oğuz , Enes Ugan , Jan Niehues , Alexander Waibel

Whispering is a distinct form of speech known for its soft, breathy, and hushed characteristics, often used for private communication. The acoustic characteristics of whispered speech differ substantially from normally phonated speech and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-08 Zhaofeng Lin , Tanvina Patel , Odette Scharenborg

Although Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems have achieved human-like performance for a few languages, the majority of the world's languages do not have usable systems due to the lack of large speech datasets to train these models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Hemant Yadav , Sunayana Sitaram