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The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought novel data processing and generative capabilities but also escalating energy requirements. This challenge motivates renewed interest in neuromorphic computing principles, which…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Osvaldo Simeone

In recent years, neuromorphic computing and spiking neural networks (SNNs) have ad-vanced rapidly through integration with deep learning. However, the performance of SNNs still lags behind that of convolutional neural networks (CNNs),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Hsieh Ching-Teng , Wang Yuan-Kai

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are the third generation of neural networks that are biologically inspired to process data in a fashion that emulates the exchange of signals in the brain. Within the Computer Vision community SNNs have…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 William Bjorndahl , Jack Easton , Austin Modoff , Eric C. Larson , Joseph Camp , Prasanna Rangarajan

Spiking neurons can perform spatiotemporal feature detection by nonlinear synaptic and dendritic integration of presynaptic spike patterns. Multicompartment models of non-linear dendrites and related neuromorphic circuit designs enable…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Mattias Nilsson , Foteini Liwicki , Fredrik Sandin

Spiking Neural Networks are attracting increased attention as a more energy-efficient alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks for edge computing. Neuromorphic computing can significantly reduce energy requirements. Here, we…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Balázs Mészáros , James C. Knight , Jonathan Timcheck , Thomas Nowotny

This paper presents the design and implementation of an asynchronous delta modulator as a spike encoder for event-driven neural recording in a 65nm CMOS process. The proposed neuromorphic front-end converts analog signals into discrete,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-16 Kaushik Lakshmiramanan , Vineeta Nair , Ching-Yi Lin , Sheng-Yu Peng , Sahil Shah

Neural coupled oscillators are a useful building block in numerous models and applications. They were analyzed extensively in theoretical studies and more recently, in biologically realistic simulations of spiking neural networks. The…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Renate Krause , Joanne J. A. van Bavel , Chenxi Wu , Marc A. Vos , Alain Nogaret , Giacomo Indiveri

This paper introduces a groundbreaking digital neuromorphic architecture that innovatively integrates Brain Code Unit (BCU) and Fundamental Code Unit (FCU) using mixedsignal design methodologies. Leveraging open-source datasets and the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Murat Isik , Sols Miziev , Wiktoria Pawlak , Newton Howard

This paper introduces the first low-power hardware accelerator for Spiking Transformers, an emerging alternative to traditional artificial neural networks. By modifying the base Spikformer model to use IAND instead of residual addition, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Bo-Yu Chen , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Neuromorphic computing has emerged as a promising avenue towards building the next generation of intelligent computing systems. It has been proposed that memristive devices, which exhibit history-dependent conductivity modulation, could…

Sensory processing at the edge requires ultra-low power stand-alone computing technologies. This is particularly true for modern agriculture and precision irrigation systems which aim to optimize water usage by monitoring key environmental…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Mirco Tincani , Khaled Kerouch , Umberto Garlando , Mattia Barezzi , Alessandro Sanginario , Giacomo Indiveri , Chiara De Luca

Temporal coding is one approach to representing information in spiking neural networks. An example of its application is the location of sounds by barn owls that requires especially precise temporal coding. Dependent upon the azimuthal…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2014-01-24 Thomas Pfeil , Anne-Christine Scherzer , Johannes Schemmel , Karlheinz Meier

In neuromorphic photonic systems, device operations are typically governed by analog signals, necessitating digital-to-analog converters (DAC) and analog-to-digital converters (ADC). However, data movement between memory and these…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Sean Lam , Ahmed Khaled , Simon Bilodeau , Bicky A. Marquez , Paul R. Prucnal , Lukas Chrostowski , Bhavin J. Shastri , Sudip Shekhar

With serial and parallel processors introduced into Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) execution, more and more researchers are dedicated to improving the performance of the computing paradigms by taking full advantage of the strengths of the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Jiaxin Huang , Bernhard Vogginger , Florian Kelber , Hector Gonzalez , Klaus Knobloch , Christian Georg Mayr

Why do neurons communicate through spikes? By definition, spikes are all-or-none neural events which occur at continuous times. In other words, spikes are on one side binary, existing or not without further details, and on the other can…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-12 Antoine Grimaldi , Amélie Gruel , Camille Besnainou , Jean-Nicolas Jérémie , Jean Martinet , Laurent U Perrinet

Sign-language recognition has achieved substantial gains in classification accuracy in recent years; however, the latency and power requirements of most existing methods limit their suitability for real-time deployment. Neuromorphic sensing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Sarka Liskova , Olha Vedmedenko , Mazdak Fatahi , Matej Hoffmann , P. Michael Furlong , Giulia D Angelo

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are highly energy-efficient during inference, making them particularly suitable for deployment on neuromorphic hardware. Their ability to process event-driven inputs, such as data from dynamic vision sensors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Sirine Arfa , Bernhard Vogginger , Chen Liu , Johannes Partzsch , Mark Schone , Christian Mayr

Traditional neuron models use analog values for information representation and computation, while all-or-nothing spikes are employed in the spiking ones. With a more brain-like processing paradigm, spiking neurons are more promising for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Qiang Yu , Shiming Song , Chenxiang Ma , Linqiang Pan , Kay Chen Tan

In this work we show how we can build a technology platform for cognitive imaging sensors using recent advances in recurrent neural network architectures and training methods inspired from biology. We demonstrate learning and processing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-26 Samiran Ganguly , Yunfei Gu , Mircea R. Stan , Avik W. Ghosh

On-chip learning is key to scalable and adaptive neuromorphic systems, yet existing training methods are either difficult to implement in hardware or overly restrictive. However, recent studies show that feedback-control optimizers can…