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Transient Large-Scale Anisotropy in TeV Cosmic Rays due to an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection

Large- or medium-scale cosmic ray anisotropy at TeV energies has not previously been confirmed to vary with time. Transient anisotropy changes have been observed below 150 GeV, especially near the passage of an interplanetary shock and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-07 Zhen Cao , F. Aharonian , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , W. Bian , A. V. Bukevich , C. M. Cai , W. Y. Cao , Zhe Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , A. M. Chen , E. S. Chen , G. H. Chen , H. X. Chen , Liang Chen , Long Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , X. B. Chen , X. J. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , M. C. Chu , M. Y. Cui , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , Y. X. Diao , X. Q. Dong , K. K. Duan , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , J. Fang , J. H. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , H. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , X. T. Feng , Y. Feng , Y. L. Feng , S. Gabici , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , W. K. Gao , M. M. Ge , T. T. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. Giacinti , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , F. L. Guo , J. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , O. A. Hannuksela , M. Hasan , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. Y. He , X. Y. He , Y. He , S. Hernández-Cadena , B. W. Hou , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , S. C. Hu , C. Huang , D. H. Huang , J. J. Huang , T. Q. Huang , W. J. Huang , X. T. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Huang , Y. Y. Huang , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jia , H. B. Jiang , K. Jiang , X. W. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , M. Jin , S. Kaci , M. M. Kang , I. Karpikov , D. Khangulyan , D. Kuleshov , K. Kurinov , B. B. Li , Cheng Li , Cong Li , D. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K. Li , L. Li , R. L. Li , S. D. Li , T. Y. Li , W. L. Li , X. R. Li , Xin Li , Y. Li , Y. Z. Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , D. B. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. R. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , X. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. N. Liu , Y. Q. Lou , Q. Luo , Y. Luo , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , Z. Min , W. Mitthumsiri , G. B. Mou , H. J. Mu , A. Neronov , K. C. Y. Ng , M. Y. Ni , L. Nie , L. J. Ou , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , J. C. Qi , M. Y. Qi , J. J. Qin , A. Raza , C. Y. Ren , D. Ruffolo , A. Sáiz , D. Semikoz , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , Y. Z. Shen , X. D. Sheng , Z. D. Shi , F. W. Shu , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , V. Stepanov , Y. Su , D. X. Sun , H. Sun , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , N. H. Tabasam , J. Takata , P. H. T. Tam , H. B. Tan , Q. W. Tang , R. Tang , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , C. N. Tong , L. H. Wan , C. Wang , G. W. Wang , H. G. Wang , J. C. Wang , K. Wang , Kai Wang , Kai Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , L. Y. Wang , R. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , Zheng Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , S. S. Weng , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , Q. W. Wu , S. Wu , X. F. Wu , Y. S. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , D. X. Xiao , G. Xiao , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , D. R. Xiong , Z. Xiong , D. L. Xu , R. F. Xu , R. X. Xu , W. L. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , T. Yan , C. W. Yang , C. Y. Yang , F. F. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , W. X. Yang , Z. H. Yang , Z. G. Yao , X. A. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Q. Yuan , H. Yue , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , X. T. Zeng , M. Zha , B. B. Zhang , B. T. Zhang , C. Zhang , F. Zhang , H. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , Li Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , W. Y. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , Z. P. Zhang , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , X. H. Zhao , Z. H. Zhao , F. Zheng , W. J. Zhong , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , M. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , B. Y. Zhu , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , Y. C. Zou , X. Zuo

A Peculiar ICME Event in August 2018 Observed with the Global Muon Detector Network

We demonstrate that global observations of high-energy cosmic rays contribute to understanding unique characteristics of a large-scale magnetic flux rope causing a magnetic storm in August 2018. Following a weak interplanetary shock on 25…

Space Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 W. Kihara , K. Munakata , C. Kato , R. Kataoka , A. Kadokura , S. Miyake , M. Kozai , T. Kuwabara , M. Tokumaru , R. R. S. Mendonça , E. Echer , A. Dal Lago , M. Rockenbach , N. J. Schuch , J. V. Bageston , C. R. Braga , H. K. Al Jassar , M. M. Sharma , M. L. Duldig , J. E. Humble , P. Evenson , I. Sabbah , J. Kóta

Constraining the global heliospheric transport of galactic cosmic rays in solar cycles 23 and 24

Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are affected by solar modulation while they propagate through the heliosphere. The study of the time variation of GCR spectra observed at Earth can shed light on the underlying physical processes, specifically…

Space Physics · Physics 2023-09-18 Claudio Corti , Peter Sadowski , Nikolay Nikonov , Marius Potgieter , Veronica Bindi

Multi-Spacecraft Observations of the Rotation and Non-Radial Motion of a CME Flux Rope causing an intense geomagnetic storm

We present an investigation of the rotation and non-radial motion of a coronal mass ejection (CME) from AR 12468 on 2015 December 16 using observations from SDO, SOHO, STEREO A and Wind. The EUV and HMI observations of the source region…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-28 Yi A. Liu , Ying D. Liu , Huidong Hu , Rui Wang , Xiaowei Zhao

On the Relationship Between Transit Time of ICMEs and Strength of the Initiated Geomagnetic Storms

More than 140 isolated non-recurrent geomagnetic storms (GMSs) of various intensities from extreme to weak are considered, which are reliably identified with solar eruptive sources (coronal mass ejections, CMEs). The analysis aims to obtain…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-17 I. M. Chertok

Diffusion coefficient and radial gradient of galactic cosmic rays

We present the temporal changes of the diffusion coefficient K of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) at the Earth orbit calculated based on the experimental data using two different methods. The first approach is based on the Parker…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-02-04 Renata Modzelewska

Numerical Modeling of Galactic Cosmic Ray Modulation in the Heliosphere

Numerical modeling of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) penetration through the heliosphere to the vicinity of the Sun is considered. Galactic cosmic rays are charged particles with energies exceeding 10 MeV/nucl., originating from far beyond the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-04 D. A. Shestakov , V. V. Izmodenov

First observations of a geomagnetic superstorm with a sub-L1 monitor

Forecasting the geomagnetic effects of solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is currently an unsolved problem. CMEs, responsible for the largest values of the north-south component of the interplanetary magnetic field, are the key driver of…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-03-21 Eva Weiler , Christian Möstl , Emma E. Davies , Astrid Veronig , Ute V. Amerstorfer , Tanja Amerstorfer , Justin Le Louëdec , Maike Bauer , Noé Lugaz , Veronika Haberle , Hannah T. Rüdisser , Satabdwa Majumdar , Martin Reiss

Variations of the Near-Surface Electric field measured at Aragats during Geomagnetic Storms

At least two mechanisms effectively transfer interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) disturbances into the atmosphere. First, the inflow of solar wind into the ionosphere at low latitudes significantly enhances the total vertical electron…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-05-23 A. Chilingarian

Modulation of galactic cosmic rays during the unusual solar minimum between cycles 23 and 24

During the recent solar minimum between cycles 23 and 24 (solar minimum $P_{23/24}$) the intensity of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) measured at the Earth was the highest ever recorded since space age. It is the purpose of this paper to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-04 L. -L. Zhao , G. Qin , M. Zhang , B. Heber

Variations in the Inferred Cosmic-Ray Spectral Index as Measured by Neutron Monitors in Antarctica

A technique has recently been developed for tracking short-term spectral variations in Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) using data from a single neutron monitor (NM), by collecting histograms of the time delay between successive neutron counts…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-08-27 Pradiphat Muangha , David Ruffolo , Alejandro Sáiz , Chanoknan Banglieng , Paul Evenson , Surujhdeo Seunarine , Suyeon Oh , Jongil Jung , Marc Duldig , John Humble

On the Energy Dependence of Galactic Cosmic Ray Anisotropies in the Very Local Interstellar Medium

We report on the energy dependence of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) in the very local interstellar medium (VLISM) as measured by the Low Energy Charged Particle (LECP) instrument on the Voyager 1 (V1) spacecraft. The LECP instrument includes…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-08-03 Romina Nikoukar , Matthew E. Hill , Lawrence Brown , Stamatios M. Krimigis , Robert B. Decker , Konstantinos Dialynas , Jozsef Kota , Edmond C. Roelof , Scott Lasley , Douglas C. Hamilton , Vladimir Florinski , Joe Giacalone , John Richardson , Merav Opher

New results in solar modulation modeling in light of recent cosmic-ray data from space

Thanks to space-borne experiments such as the AMS-02 and PAMELA missions in low-Earth orbit, along with the Voyager spacecrafts in the interstellar space, a large collection of multi-channel and time-resolved Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) data…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-06 Bruna Bertucci , Emanuele Fiandrini , Behrouz Khiali , Nicola Tomassetti

Early Prediction of Geomagnetic Storms by Machine Learning Algorithms

Geomagnetic storms (GS) occur when solar winds disrupt Earth's magnetosphere. GS can cause severe damages to satellites, power grids, and communication infrastructures. Estimate of direct economic impacts of a large scale GS exceeds $40…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Iris Yan

Three dimensional solar anisotropy of galactic cosmic rays near the recent solar minimum 23/24

Three dimensional (3D) galactic cosmic ray (GCR) anisotropy has been studied for 2006- 2012. The GCR anisotropy, both in the ecliptic plane and in polar direction, were obtained based on the neutron monitors (NMs) and Nagoya muon telescopes…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-21 R. Modzelewska , M. V. Alania

Charge-Sign Dependent Cosmic-Ray Modulation Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

We present the observation of a charge-sign dependent solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) with the CALorimetric Electron Telescope onboard the International Space Station over 6 yr, corresponding to the positive polarity of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-29 O. Adriani , Y. Akaike , K. Asano , Y. Asaoka , E. Berti , G. Bigongiari , W. R. Binns , M. Bongi , P. Brogi , A. Bruno , J. H. Buckley , N. Cannady , G. Castellini , C. Checchia , M. L. Cherry , G. Collazuol , G. A. de Nolfo , K. Ebisawa , A. W. Ficklin , H. Fuke , S. Gonzi , T. G. Guzik , T. Hams , K. Hibino , M. Ichimura , K. Ioka , W. Ishizaki , M. H. Israel , K. Kasahara , J. Kataoka , R. Kataoka , Y. Katayose , C. Kato , N. Kawanaka , Y. Kawakubo , K. Kobayashi , K. Kohri , H. S. Krawczynski , J. F. Krizmanic , P. Maestro , P. S. Marrocchesi , A. M. Messineo , J. W. Mitchell , S. Miyake , A. A. Moiseev , M. Mori , N. Mori , H. M. Motz , K. Munakata , S. Nakahira , J. Nishimura , S. Okuno , J. F. Ormes , S. Ozawa , L. Pacini , P. Papini , B. F. Rauch , S. B. Ricciarini , K. Sakai , T. Sakamoto , M. Sasaki , Y. Shimizu , A. Shiomi , P. Spillantini , F. Stolzi , S. Sugita , A. Sulaj , M. Takita , T. Tamura , T. Terasawa , S. Torii , Y. Tsunesada , Y. Uchihori , E. Vannuccini , J. P. Wefel , K. Yamaoka , S. Yanagita , A. Yoshida , K. Yoshida , W. V. Zober

Understanding the Origins of Problem Geomagnetic Storms Associated With "Stealth" Coronal Mass Ejections

Geomagnetic storms are an important aspect of space weather and can result in significant impacts on space- and ground-based assets. The majority of strong storms are associated with the passage of interplanetary coronal mass ejections…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-05 Nariaki V. Nitta , Tamitha Mulligan , Emilia K. J. Kilpua , Benjamin J. Lynch , Marilena Mierla , Jennifer O'Kane , Paolo Pagano , Erika Palmerio , Jens Pomoell , Ian G. Richardson , Luciano Rodriguez , Alexis P. Rouillard , Suvadip Sinha , Nandita Srivastava , Dana-Camelia Talpeanu , Stephanie L. Yardley , Andrei N. Zhukov

Effects of Foreground Contamination on the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Measured by MAP

We study the effects of diffuse Galactic, far-infrared extragalactic source, and radio point source emission on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy data anticipated from the MAP experiment. We focus on the correlation function…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-10 Chan-Gyung Park , Changbom Park , Bharat Ratra

Data driven analysis of Galactic cosmic rays in the heliosphere: diffusion of cosmic protons and nuclei

Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) inside the heliosphere are affected by magnetic turbulence and Solar wind disturbances which result in the so-called solar modulation effect. To investigate this phenomenon, we have performed a data-driven…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-13 Nicola Tomassetti , Bruna Bertucci , Federico Donnini , Emanuele Fiandrini , Maura Graziani , Behrouz Khiali , Alejandro Reina Conde

Analysis of 42 years of Cosmic Ray Measurements by the Neutron Monitor at Lomnick\'y st\'it Observatory

The correlation and physical interconnection between space weather indices and cosmic ray flux has been well-established with extensive literature on the topic. Our investigation is centered on the relationships among the solar radio flux,…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-02-17 Imre Kisvárdai , Filip Štempel , Lukáš Randuška , Šimon Mackovjak , Ronald Langer , Igor Strhárský , Ján Kubančák