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We construct a single observable measurement of which mean value on four copies of an {\it unknown} two-qubit state is sufficient for unambiguous decision whether the state is separable or entangled. In other words, there exists a universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Remigiusz Augusiak , Maciej Demianowicz , Pawel Horodecki

Entanglement detection is essential in quantum information science and quantum many-body physics. It has been proved that entanglement exists almost surely for a random quantum state, while the realizations of effective entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-02 Pengyu Liu , Zhenhuan Liu , Shu Chen , Xiongfeng Ma

Entanglement and magic are among the most fundamental properties unique to quantum systems. Each quantity captures a different aspect of non-classical behavior, and each can be regarded as a resource within its own operational setting.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Mao Kaneyasu , Yoshihiko Hasegawa

Quantum Extreme Learning Machines (QELMs) have emerged as a potent tool for various quantum information processing tasks. We present a QELM protocol for estimating the amount of entanglement in Werner states. The protocol requires the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Hajar Assil , Abderrahim El Allati , Gian Luca Giorgi

We present a way of identifying all kinds of entanglement for three-qubit pure states in terms of the expectation values of Pauli operators. The necessary and sufficient conditions to classify the fully separable, biseparable, and genuine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Ming-Jing Zhao , Ting-Gui Zhang , Xianqing Li-Jost , Shao-Ming Fei

Entanglement is a cornerstone in quantum information science, yet detecting it efficiently remains a challenging task. Focusing on non-positive partially transposed (NPT) states, we establish a hierarchy among entropy-based, majorization,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Akhil Kumar Awasthi , Sudipta Mondal , Rivu Gupta , Aditi Sen De

Entanglement plays a crucial role in quantum information science and many-body physics, yet quantifying it in mixed quantum many-body systems has remained a notoriously difficult problem. Here, we introduce families of quantitative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-21 Poetri Sonya Tarabunga , Tobias Haug

Entanglement is one of the strongest quantum correlation, and is a key ingredient in fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics and a resource for quantum technologies. While entanglement theory is well settled for distinguishable particles,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-27 Till Jonas Frederick Johann , Ugo Marzolino

Variational quantum circuits (VQCs) built upon noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware, in conjunction with classical processing, constitute a promising architecture for quantum simulations, classical optimization, and machine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-09 Yi Xia , Wei Li , Quntao Zhuang , Zheshen Zhang

We study the effectiveness of two distinct machine learning techniques, neural networks and random forests, in the quantification of entanglement from two-qubit tomography data. Although we predictably find that neural networks yield better…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Pavel Baláž , Mateusz Krawczyk , Jarosław Pawłowski , Katarzyna Roszak

Employing the Pauli matrices, we have constructed a set of operators, which can be used to distinguish six inequivalent classes of entanglement under SLOCC (stochastic local operation and classical communication) for three-qubit pure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-25 Chandan Datta , Satyabrata Adhikari , Arpan Das , Pankaj Agrawal

Ordering physical states is the key to quantifying some physical property of the states uniquely. Bipartite pure entangled states are totally ordered under local operations and classical communication (LOCC) in the asymptotic limit and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-17 Fumiaki Morikoshi , Marcelo Franca Santos , Vlatko Vedral

The quantification and classification of quantum entanglement is a very important and still open question of quantum information theory. In this paper, we describe an entanglement measure for multipartite pure states (the minimum of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-05-05 A. Yu. Chernyavskiy

Tensor networks, originally designed to address computational problems in quantum many-body physics, have recently been applied to machine learning tasks. However, compared to quantum physics, where the reasons for the success of tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-14 John Martyn , Guifre Vidal , Chase Roberts , Stefan Leichenauer

Measuring an entangled state of two particles is crucial to many quantum communication protocols. Yet Bell state distinguishability using a finite apparatus obeying linear evolution and local measurement is theoretically limited. We extend…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-09 N. Pisenti , C. P. E. Gaebler , T. W. Lynn

Quantifying entanglement is vital to understand entanglement as a resource in quantum information processing, and many entanglement measures have been suggested for this purpose. When mathematically defining an entanglement measure, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-12 Minjin Choi , Eunok Bae , Soojoon Lee

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has shown remarkable success in complex domains, however, the inherent black box nature of deep neural network policies raises significant challenges in understanding and trusting the decision-making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Peilang Li , Umer Siddique , Yongcan Cao

High-dimensional quantum systems offer a number of advantages in larger information capacity, stronger noise resiliency, higher improved efficiency and accuracy over the qubit systems. In quantum communication the maximally entangled states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Si-Qi Du , Guo-Zhu Song , Hai-Rui Wei

We solve the entanglement classification under stochastic local operations and classical communication (SLOCC) for all multipartite symmetric states in the general $N$-qubit case. For this purpose, we introduce 2 parameters playing a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 T. Bastin , S. Krins , P. Mathonet , M. Godefroid , L. Lamata , E. Solano

Quantum entanglement is a unique correlation phenomenon in quantum mechanics, and the measurement of quantum entanglement plays an important role in quantum computing and quantum communication. Many mainstream entanglement criteria and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-12 Hao-Nan Qiang , Jing-Ling Chen