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An important goal in artificial intelligence is to create agents that can both interact naturally with humans and learn from their feedback. Here we demonstrate how to use reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) to improve upon…

Practical Imitation Learning (IL) systems rely on large human demonstration datasets for successful policy learning. However, challenges lie in maintaining the quality of collected data and addressing the suboptimal nature of some…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Sachit Kuhar , Shuo Cheng , Shivang Chopra , Matthew Bronars , Danfei Xu

In this article, we present a new machine learning model by imitation based on the linguistic description of complex phenomena. The idea consists of, first, capturing the behaviour of human players by creating a computational perception…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Clemente Rubio-Manzano , Tomas Lermanda , CLaudia Martinez , Alejandra Segura , Christian Vidal

A learning dialogue agent can infer its behaviour from interactions with the users. These interactions can be taken from either human-to-human or human-machine conversations. However, human interactions are scarce and costly, making…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Thibault Cordier , Tanguy Urvoy , Lina M. Rojas-Barahona , Fabrice Lefèvre

When interacting with people, AI agents do not just influence the state of the world -- they also influence the actions people take in response to the agent, and even their underlying intentions and strategies. Accounting for and leveraging…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Joey Hong , Sergey Levine , Anca Dragan

Following the impressive capabilities of in-context learning with large transformers, In-Context Imitation Learning (ICIL) is a promising opportunity for robotics. We introduce Instant Policy, which learns new tasks instantly (without…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Vitalis Vosylius , Edward Johns

Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) can be used to learn effective policies for complex tasks, such as Atari games, even from image observations. However, this typically requires very large amounts of interaction -- substantially more,…

Imitation learning algorithms learn a policy from demonstrations of expert behavior. We show that, for deterministic experts, imitation learning can be done by reduction to reinforcement learning with a stationary reward. Our theoretical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-16 Kamil Ciosek

Deep networks trained on demonstrations of human driving have learned to follow roads and avoid obstacles. However, driving policies trained via imitation learning cannot be controlled at test time. A vehicle trained end-to-end to imitate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Felipe Codevilla , Matthias Müller , Antonio López , Vladlen Koltun , Alexey Dosovitskiy

Reinforcement learning has the potential to automate the acquisition of behavior in complex settings, but in order for it to be successfully deployed, a number of practical challenges must be addressed. First, in real world settings, when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Kelvin Xu , Siddharth Verma , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

When developing reinforcement learning agents, the standard approach is to train an agent to converge to a fixed policy that is as close to optimal as possible for a single fixed reward function. If different agent behaviour is required in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-01-29 David O'Callaghan , Patrick Mannion

Imitation learning methods are used to infer a policy in a Markov decision process from a dataset of expert demonstrations by minimizing a divergence measure between the empirical state occupancy measures of the expert and the policy. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Ivan Ovinnikov , Joachim M. Buhmann

Training a team to complete a complex task via multi-agent reinforcement learning can be difficult due to challenges such as policy search in a large joint policy space, and non-stationarity caused by mutually adapting agents. To facilitate…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Elliot Fosong , Arrasy Rahman , Ignacio Carlucho , Stefano V. Albrecht

Imitation learning techniques have been shown to be highly effective in real-world control scenarios, such as robotics. However, these approaches not only suffer from compounding error issues but also require human experts to provide…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yigit Korkmaz , Erdem Bıyık

Reinforcement learning offers the promise of automating the acquisition of complex behavioral skills. However, compared to commonly used and well-understood supervised learning methods, reinforcement learning algorithms can be brittle,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Aviral Kumar , Xue Bin Peng , Sergey Levine

Reinforcement learning (RL) systems can be complex and non-interpretable, making it challenging for non-AI experts to understand or intervene in their decisions. This is due in part to the sequential nature of RL in which actions are chosen…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Amal Alabdulkarim , Madhuri Singh , Gennie Mansi , Kaely Hall , Upol Ehsan , Mark O. Riedl

Developing effective instruction-following policies in reinforcement learning remains challenging due to the reliance on extensive human-labeled instruction datasets and the difficulty of learning from sparse rewards. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Zhicheng Zhang , Ziyan Wang , Yali Du , Fei Fang

Many real world learning tasks involve complex or hard-to-specify objectives, and using an easier-to-specify proxy can lead to poor performance or misaligned behavior. One solution is to have humans provide a training signal by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-22 Paul Christiano , Buck Shlegeris , Dario Amodei

Large behaviour models have transformed the field of robotic manipulation, but prohibitive data requirements have thus far prevented a revolution similar to vision language models. We believe that instrumentation, i.e. sensor integration in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Remko Proesmans , Thomas Lips , Francis wyffels

One of the great promises of robot learning systems is that they will be able to learn from their mistakes and continuously adapt to ever-changing environments. Despite this potential, most of the robot learning systems today are deployed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Ryan Julian , Benjamin Swanson , Gaurav S. Sukhatme , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn , Karol Hausman