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Reliably reconstructing physical fields from sparse sensor data is a challenge that frequently arises in many scientific domains. In practice, the process generating the data often is not understood to sufficient accuracy. Therefore, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Xihaier Luo , Wei Xu , Yihui Ren , Shinjae Yoo , Balu Nadiga

Modeling real-world spatio-temporal data is exceptionally difficult due to inherent high dimensionality, measurement noise, partial observations, and often expensive data collection procedures. In this paper, we present Sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Mars Liyao Gao , Jan P. Williams , J. Nathan Kutz

Sensing is a universal task in science and engineering. Downstream tasks from sensing include inferring full state estimates of a system (system identification), control decisions, and forecasting. These tasks are exceptionally challenging…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-06-06 Jan P. Williams , Olivia Zahn , J. Nathan Kutz

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable generative capabilities in image processing tasks. We propose a Sparse condition Temporal Rewighted Integrated Distribution Estimation guided diffusion model (STRIDE) for sparse-view CT…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zekun Zhou , Yanru Gong , Liu Shi , Qiegen Liu

Bridging the gap between data-rich training regimes and observation-sparse deployment conditions remains a central challenge in spatiotemporal field reconstruction, particularly when target domains exhibit distributional shifts,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Xingyue Zhang , Yuxuan Bao , Mars Liyao Gao , J. Nathan Kutz

Predicting the behavior of complex systems is critical in many scientific and engineering domains, and hinges on the model's ability to capture their underlying dynamics. Existing methods encode the intrinsic dynamics of high-dimensional…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jingwen Cheng , Ruikun Li , Huandong Wang , Yong Li

Many consequential real-world systems, like wind fields and ocean currents, are dynamic and hard to model. Learning their governing dynamics remains a central challenge in scientific machine learning. Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yujin Kim , Sarah Dean

Computed tomography is widely used to examine internal structures in a non-destructive manner. To obtain high-quality reconstructions, one typically has to acquire a densely sampled trajectory to avoid angular undersampling. However, many…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-10 Haoyu Wei , Florian Schiffers , Tobias Würfl , Daming Shen , Daniel Kim , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos , Oliver Cossairt

Reconstructing PDE-governed fields from sparse and irregular measurements is challenging due to their ill-posed nature. Deterministic surrogates are trained on dense fields that struggle with limited measurements and uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Hao Zhou , Rui Zhang , Han Wan , Hao Sun

Most explainable AI (XAI) frameworks are limited in their expressiveness, summarizing complex feature effects as single scalar values \phi_i. This approach answers "what" features are important but fails to reveal "how" they interact.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Chaeyun Ko

Scientific measurements are often bottlenecked by suboptimal conditions, whether that be noise, incomplete spatial coverage, or limited resolution, rendering accurate field reconstruction a difficult task. We introduce LatentPDE, a latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Valerie Tsao , Nathaniel Chaney , Manolis Veveakis

Generating dense physical fields from sparse measurements is a fundamental question in sampling, signal processing, and many other applications. State-of-the-art methods either use spatial statistics or rely on examples of dense fields in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-29 Ofek Aloni , Barak Fishbain

We present a statistical learning framework for robust identification of partial differential equations from noisy spatiotemporal data. Extending previous sparse regression approaches for inferring PDE models from simulated data, we address…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-19 Suryanarayana Maddu , Bevan L. Cheeseman , Ivo F. Sbalzarini , Christian L. Müller

Reconstructing full spatio-temporal dynamics from sparse observations in both space and time remains a central challenge in complex systems, as measurements can be spatially incomplete and can be also limited to narrow temporal windows. Yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Yuxuan Bao , Xingyue Zhang , J. Nathan Kutz

High-quality 4D reconstruction enables photorealistic and immersive rendering of the dynamic real world. However, unlike static scenes that can be fully captured with a single camera, high-quality dynamic scenes typically require dense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Weihong Pan , Xiaoyu Zhang , Zhuang Zhang , Zhichao Ye , Nan Wang , Haomin Liu , Guofeng Zhang

Retinal implants aim to restore functional vision despite photoreceptor degeneration, yet are fundamentally constrained by low resolution electrode arrays and patient-specific perceptual distortions. Most deployed encoders rely on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-12 Henning Konermann , Yuli Wu , Emil Mededovic , Volkmar Schulz , Peter Walter , Johannes Stegmaier

SHallow REcurrent Decoders (SHRED) are effective for system identification and forecasting from sparse sensor measurements. Such models are light-weight and computationally efficient, allowing them to be trained on consumer laptops.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Alexey Yermakov , David Zoro , Mars Liyao Gao , J. Nathan Kutz

Reconstruction of fine-scale information from sparse data is relevant to many practical fluid dynamic applications where the sensing is typically sparse. Fluid flows in an ideal sense are manifestations of nonlinear multiscale PDE dynamical…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Chen Lu , Balaji Jayaraman

We present a dual-guided framework for reconstructing unsteady incompressible flow fields using sparse observations. The approach combines optimized sensor placement with a physics-informed guided generative model. Sensor locations are…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-06-18 Sajad Salavatidezfouli , Henrik Karstoft , Alexandros Iosifidis , Mahdi Abkar

Trajectory modeling of dense points usually employs implicit deformation fields, represented as neural networks that map coordinates to relate canonical spatial positions to temporal offsets. However, the inductive biases inherent in neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Mingyang Song , Yang Zhang , Marko Mihajlovic , Siyu Tang , Markus Gross , Tunç Ozan Aydın
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