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Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have brought remarkable progress in code understanding and reasoning, creating new opportunities and raising new concerns for software security. Among many downstream tasks, generating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Mengyao Zhao , Kaixuan Li , Lyuye Zhang , Wenjing Dang , Chenggong Ding , Sen Chen , Zheli Liu

Security vulnerabilities in software packages are a significant concern for developers and users alike. Patching these vulnerabilities in a timely manner is crucial to restoring the integrity and security of software systems. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Deniz Simsek , Aryaz Eghbali , Michael Pradel

While recent approaches leverage large language models (LLMs) and multi-agent pipelines to automatically generate proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits from vulnerability reports, existing systems often suffer from two fundamental limitations:…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Phan The Duy , Khoa Ngo-Khanh , Nguyen Huu Quyen , Van-Hau Pham

Developers create modern software applications (Apps) on top of third-party libraries (Libs). When library vulnerabilities are reachable through application code, the applications can be vulnerable to software supply chain attacks. Prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Shravya Kanchi , Xiaoyan Zang , Ying Zhang , Danfeng Yao , Na Meng

The Proof-of-Concept (PoC) for a vulnerability is crucial in validating its existence, mitigating false positives, and illustrating the severity of the security threat it poses. However, research on PoCs significantly lags behind studies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Wenjing Dang , Kaixuan Li , Sen Chen , Zhenwei Zhuo , Lyuye Zhang , Zheli Liu

Despite the critical threat posed by software security vulnerabilities, reports are often incomplete, lacking the proof-of-vulnerability (PoV) tests needed to validate fixes and prevent regressions. These tests are crucial not only for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Vikram Nitin , Baishakhi Ray , Roshanak Zilouchian Moghaddam

Automated vulnerability reproduction from CVE descriptions requires generating executable Proof-of-Concept (PoC) exploits and validating them in target environments. This process is critical in software security research and practice, yet…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Bin Liu , Yanjie Zhao , Zhenpeng Chen , Guoai Xu , Haoyu Wang

While automated vulnerability detection techniques have made promising progress in detecting security vulnerabilities, their scalability and applicability remain challenging. The remarkable performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Avishree Khare , Saikat Dutta , Ziyang Li , Alaia Solko-Breslin , Rajeev Alur , Mayur Naik

Software developers frequently receive vulnerability reports that require them to reproduce the vulnerability in a reliable manner by generating a proof-of-concept (PoC) input that triggers it. Given the source code for a software project…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Achintya Desai , Md Shafiuzzaman , Wenbo Guo , Tevfik Bultan

While recent LLM-based agents can identify many candidate bugs in source code, their reports remain static hypotheses that require manual validation, limiting the practicality of automated bug detection. We frame this challenge as a test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zijie Zhao , Chenyuan Yang , Weidong Wang , Yihan Yang , Ziqi Zhang , Lingming Zhang

The adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) for automated software vulnerability patching has shown promising outcomes on carefully curated evaluation sets. Nevertheless, existing datasets predominantly rely on superficial validation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Weizhe Wang , Wei Ma , Qiang Hu , Yao Zhang , Jianfei Sun , Bin Wu , Yang Liu , Guangquan Xu , Lingxiao Jiang

Smart contracts are commonly audited through static analysis to explore vulnerabilities. However, static approaches typically produce heterogeneous findings rather than reproducible, executable proof-of-concept (PoC) test cases, leading to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Longfei Chen , Ruibin Yan , Taiyu Wong , Yiyang Chen , Jialai Wang , Chao Zhang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) gain traction across critical domains, ensuring secure and trustworthy training processes has become a major concern. Backdoor attacks, where malicious actors inject hidden triggers into training data, are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Issam Seddik , Sami Souihi , Mohamed Tamaazousti , Sara Tucci Piergiovanni

Large language models (LLMs) are widely used for code generation, but their security reliability remains inconsistent across languages and prompting strategies. Existing prompt engineering improves functional correctness but rarely ensures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mohammed F. Kharma , Mohammad Alkhanafseh , Ahmed Sabbah , David Mohaisen

Large language models (LLMs) have brought significant advancements to code generation, benefiting both novice and experienced developers. However, their training using unsanitized data from open-source repositories, like GitHub, introduces…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Jiexin Wang , Liuwen Cao , Xitong Luo , Zhiping Zhou , Jiayuan Xie , Adam Jatowt , Yi Cai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation, but their proficiency in producing secure code remains a critical, under-explored area. Existing benchmarks often fall short by relying on synthetic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yanlin Wang , Ziyao Zhang , Chong Wang , Xinyi Xu , Mingwei Liu , Yong Wang , Jiachi Chen , Zibin Zheng

The growing use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for automated code generation has enhanced software development efficiency, but often at the cost of security. Generated code frequently overlooks critical concerns, leaving it vulnerable to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mohammed Kharma , Ahmed Sabbah , Mohammad Alkhanafseh , Mohammad Hammoudeh , David Mohaisen

Exploit proof-of-concepts (PoCs) for known vulnerabilities are widely shared in the security community. They help security analysts to learn from each other and they facilitate security assessments and red teaming tasks. In the recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Soufian El Yadmani , Robin The , Olga Gadyatskaya

Smart contracts are a critical component of blockchain systems. Due to the large amount of digital assets carried by smart contracts, their security is of critical importance. Although numerous tools have been developed for detecting smart…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jingwen Zhang , Yuhong Nan , Kaiwen Ning , Mingxi Ye , Wei Li , Yuming Xiao , Yuming Feng , Weizhe Zhang , Zibin Zheng

While recent code-specific large language models (LLMs) have greatly enhanced their code generation capabilities, the safety of these models remains under-explored, posing potential risks as insecure code generated by these models may…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Xiangzhe Xu , Zian Su , Jinyao Guo , Kaiyuan Zhang , Zhenting Wang , Xiangyu Zhang
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