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Learning to sample from intractable distributions over discrete sets without relying on corresponding training data is a central problem in a wide range of fields, including Combinatorial Optimization. Currently, popular deep learning-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Sebastian Sanokowski , Sepp Hochreiter , Sebastian Lehner

Computational imaging is crucial in many disciplines from autonomous driving to life sciences. However, traditional model-driven and iterative methods consume large computational power and lack scalability for imaging. Deep learning (DL) is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-26 Weiru Fan , Xiaobin Tang , Yiyi Liao , Da-Wei Wang

While traditional Deep Learning (DL) optimization methods treat all training samples equally, Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) adaptively assigns importance weights to different samples. However, a significant gap exists between…

Diffusion language models (DLMs) are an attractive alternative to autoregressive models because they promise sublinear-time, parallel generation, yet practical gains remain elusive as high-quality samples still demand hundreds of refinement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Hasan Amin , Yuan Gao , Yaser Souri , Subhojit Som , Ming Yin , Rajiv Khanna , Xia Song

Neural collapse (NC) refers to the surprising structure of the last layer of deep neural networks in the terminal phase of gradient descent training. Recently, an increasing amount of experimental evidence has pointed to the propagation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Peter Súkeník , Marco Mondelli , Christoph Lampert

Intelligent agents must be generalists, capable of quickly adapting to various tasks. In reinforcement learning (RL), model-based RL learns a dynamics model of the world, in principle enabling transfer to arbitrary reward functions through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Chuning Zhu , Xinqi Wang , Tyler Han , Simon S. Du , Abhishek Gupta

As sequential neural architectures become deeper and more complex, uncertainty estimation is more and more challenging. Efforts in quantifying uncertainty often rely on specific training procedures, and bear additional computational costs…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-06 Max Cohen , Maurice Charbit , Sylvain Le Corff

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) have recently achieved strong results in text generation. However, their multi-step sampling leads to slow inference, limiting practical use. To address this, we extend Inverse Distillation, a technique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 David Li , Nikita Gushchin , Dmitry Abulkhanov , Eric Moulines , Ivan Oseledets , Maxim Panov , Alexander Korotin

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have witnessed remarkable advancements, with the test-time scaling law consistently enhancing the reasoning capabilities. Through systematic evaluation and exploration of a diverse spectrum of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Chenyang Shao , Sijian Ren , Fengli Xu , Yong Li

We introduce Deep Linear Discriminant Analysis (DeepLDA) which learns linearly separable latent representations in an end-to-end fashion. Classic LDA extracts features which preserve class separability and is used for dimensionality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-18 Matthias Dorfer , Rainer Kelz , Gerhard Widmer

Discrete diffusion models are a powerful class of generative models with strong performance across many domains. For efficiency, however, discrete diffusion typically parameterizes the generative (reverse) process with factorized…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 Grigory Bartosh , Teodora Pandeva , Sushrut Karmalkar , Javier Zazo

Diffusion models excel at generation, but their latent spaces are high dimensional and not explicitly organized for interpretation or control. We introduce ConDA (Contrastive Diffusion Alignment), a plug-and-play geometry layer that applies…

Convolutional dictionary learning (CDL) estimates shift invariant basis adapted to multidimensional data. CDL has proven useful for image denoising or inpainting, as well as for pattern discovery on multivariate signals. As estimated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Thomas Moreau , Alexandre Gramfort

This survey paper provides a comprehensive review of the use of diffusion models in natural language processing (NLP). Diffusion models are a class of mathematical models that aim to capture the diffusion of information or signals across a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Hao Zou , Zae Myung Kim , Dongyeop Kang

Next Generation (NextG) networks are expected to support demanding tactile internet applications such as augmented reality and connected autonomous vehicles. Whereas recent innovations bring the promise of larger link capacity, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Peyman Tehrani , Francesco Restuccia , Marco Levorato

The ubiquity of neural networks (NNs) in real-world applications, from healthcare to natural language processing, underscores their immense utility in capturing complex relationships within high-dimensional data. However, NNs come with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Chang Yue , Niraj K. Jha

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) refers to algorithms that create synthetic but realistic output. Diffusion models currently offer state of the art performance in generative AI for images. They also form a key component in more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Catherine F. Higham , Desmond J. Higham , Peter Grindrod

During the forward pass of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), inputs gradually transformed from low-level features to high-level conceptual labels. While features at different layers could summarize the important factors of the inputs at varying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Haoliang Wang , Chen Zhao , Xujiang Zhao , Feng Chen

Skills have been introduced to offline reinforcement learning (RL) as temporal abstractions to tackle complex, long-horizon tasks, promoting consistent behavior and enabling meaningful exploration. While skills in offline RL are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 RuiXi Qiao , Jie Cheng , Xingyuan Dai , Yonglin Tian , Yisheng Lv

Diffusion generative models have emerged as a powerful framework for addressing problems in structural biology and structure-based drug design. These models operate directly on 3D molecular structures. Due to the unfavorable scaling of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-10 Ian Dunn , David Ryan Koes