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This paper investigates parallel random sampling from a potentially-unending data stream whose elements are revealed in a series of element sequences (minibatches). While sampling from a stream was extensively studied sequentially, not much…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Kanat Tangwongsan , Srikanta Tirthapura

To reduce the cost and consumption of computing resources caused by computational redundancy and delayed reward assignment in long CoT, this research proposes the dynamic chain-of-thought (D-CoT) with adaptive reasoning time and steps. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Libo Wang

Speculative decoding has emerged as a promising technique for large language model (LLM) inference by accelerating autoregressive decoding via draft-then-verify. This paper studies a new edge scenario with multi-user inference, where draft…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yaodan Xu , Sheng Zhou , Zhisheng Niu

Scaling the size of language models to tens of billions of parameters has led to impressive performance on a wide range of tasks. At generation, these models are used auto-regressively, requiring a forward pass for each generated token, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Giovanni Monea , Armand Joulin , Edouard Grave

Lazy search algorithms have been developed to efficiently solve planning problems in domains where the computational effort is dominated by the cost of edge evaluation. The existing algorithms operate by intelligently balancing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Shohin Mukherjee , Sandip Aine , Maxim Likhachev

Recently, speculative decoding (SD) has emerged as a promising technique to accelerate LLM inference by employing a small draft model to propose draft tokens in advance, and validating them in parallel with the large target model. However,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yuhao Shen , Junyi Shen , Quan Kong , Tianyu Liu , Yao Lu , Cong Wang

Continuous chain-of-thought has been shown to be effective in saving reasoning tokens for large language models. By reasoning with continuous latent thought tokens, continuous CoT is able to perform implicit reasoning in a compact manner.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Haoyi Wu , Zhihao Teng , Kewei Tu

There is intense interest in investigating how inference time compute (ITC) (e.g. repeated sampling, refinements, etc) can improve large language model (LLM) capabilities. At the same time, recent breakthroughs in reasoning models, such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Junlin Wang , Shang Zhu , Jon Saad-Falcon , Ben Athiwaratkun , Qingyang Wu , Jue Wang , Shuaiwen Leon Song , Ce Zhang , Bhuwan Dhingra , James Zou

Efficient parallelism is necessary for achieving low-latency, high-throughput inference with large language models (LLMs). Tensor parallelism (TP) is the state-of-the-art method for reducing LLM response latency, however GPU communications…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Mert Hidayetoglu , Aurick Qiao , Michael Wyatt , Jeff Rasley , Yuxiong He , Samyam Rajbhandari

Parallel computing is very important to accelerate the performance of software systems. Additionally, considering that a recurring challenge is to process high data volumes continuously, stream processing emerged as a paradigm and software…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Adriano Vogel , Sören Henning , Esteban Perez-Wohlfeil , Otmar Ertl , Rick Rabiser

This work explores a distributed computing setting where $K$ nodes are assigned fractions (subtasks) of a computational task in order to perform the computation in parallel. In this setting, a well-known main bottleneck has been the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Emanuele Parrinello , Eleftherios Lampiris , Petros Elia

Due to rapid data growth, statistical analysis of massive datasets often has to be carried out in a distributed fashion, either because several datasets stored in separate physical locations are all relevant to a given problem, or simply to…

Computation · Statistics 2016-02-08 Matthias Katzfuss , Dorit Hammerling

Direct Multisearch (DMS) is a Derivative-free Optimization class of algorithms suited for computing approximations to the complete Pareto front of a given Multiobjective Optimization problem. It has a well-supported convergence analysis and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-10 S. Tavares , C. P. Brás , A. L. Custódio , V. Duarte , P. Medeiros

Zero-shot text classification typically relies on prompt engineering, but the inherent prompt brittleness of large language models undermines its reliability. Minor changes in prompt can cause significant discrepancies in model performance.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Junlang Qian , Zixiao Zhu , Hanzhang Zhou , Zijian Feng , Zepeng Zhai , Kezhi Mao

Solving multiscale diffusion problems is often computationally expensive due to the spatial and temporal discretization challenges arising from high-contrast coefficients. To address this issue, a partially explicit temporal splitting…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Yating Wang , Zhengya Yang , Wing Tat Leung

Different from sequential programs, parallel programs possess their own characteristics which are difficult to analyze in the multi-process or multi-thread environment. This paper presents an innovative method to automatically analyze the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2009-06-09 Xu Liu , Jianfeng Zhan , Bibo Tu , Ming Zou , Dan Meng

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized across a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks due to their impressive capabilities as few-shot learners. Recent techniques, such as chain-of-thought (CoT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Kamesh R

We study a novel language model architecture that is capable of scaling test-time computation by implicitly reasoning in latent space. Our model works by iterating a recurrent block, thereby unrolling to arbitrary depth at test-time. This…

Deep Learning (DL) models are becoming larger, because the increase in model size might offer significant accuracy gain. To enable the training of large deep networks, data parallelism and model parallelism are two well-known approaches for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Wentao Zhu , Can Zhao , Wenqi Li , Holger Roth , Ziyue Xu , Daguang Xu

Distributed deep learning (DL) has become prevalent in recent years to reduce training time by leveraging multiple computing devices (e.g., GPUs/TPUs) due to larger models and datasets. However, system scalability is limited by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Zhenheng Tang , Shaohuai Shi , Wei Wang , Bo Li , Xiaowen Chu
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