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Expectation propagation (EP) is a powerful approximate inference algorithm. However, a critical barrier in applying EP is that the moment matching in message updates can be intractable. Handcrafting approximations is usually tricky, and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-11 Zheng Wang , Shandian Zhe

Approximate Bayesian inference methods provide a powerful suite of tools for finding approximations to intractable posterior distributions. However, machine learning applications typically involve selecting actions, which -- in a Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-11 Michael J. Morais , Jonathan W. Pillow

Equilibrium propagation (EP) is a biologically plausible alternative to backpropagation for training neural networks. However, existing EP models use a uniform scalar time step dt, which corresponds biologically to a membrane time constant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yoshimasa Kubo , Suhani Pragnesh Modi , Smit Patel

The smoothing distribution of dynamic probit models with Gaussian state dynamics was recently proved to belong to the unified skew-normal family. Although this is computationally tractable in small-to-moderate settings, it may become…

Computation · Statistics 2023-09-06 Niccolò Anceschi , Augusto Fasano , Giovanni Rebaudo

Expectation propagation (EP) is a family of algorithms for performing approximate inference in probabilistic models. The updates of EP involve the evaluation of moments -- expectations of certain functions -- which can be estimated from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-30 Jonathan So , Richard E. Turner

Expectation Propagation (EP) is a widely used message-passing algorithm that decomposes a global inference problem into multiple local ones. It approximates marginal distributions (beliefs) using intermediate functions (messages). While…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zilu Zhao , Fangqing Xiao , Dirk Slock

We study the expectation propagation (EP) algorithm for symbol detection in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The EP detector shows excellent performance but suffers from a high computational complexity due to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Luca Schmid , Dominik Sulz , Laurent Schmalen

This paper describes an expectation propagation (EP) method for multi-class classification with Gaussian processes that scales well to very large datasets. In such a method the estimate of the log-marginal-likelihood involves a sum across…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-23 Carlos Villacampa-Calvo , Daniel Hernández-Lobato

This paper investigates sparse signal recovery based on expectation propagation (EP) from unitarily invariant measurements. A rigorous analysis is presented for the state evolution (SE) of an EP-based message-passing algorithm in the large…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-06 Keigo Takeuchi

Mixed-effects regression models represent a useful subclass of regression models for grouped data; the introduction of random effects allows for the correlation between observations within each group to be conveniently captured when…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-25 Jackson Zhou , John T. Ormerod , Clara Grazian

Coordinated optimal dispatch is of utmost importance for the efficient and secure operation of hierarchically structured power systems. Conventional coordinated optimization methods, such as the Lagrangian relaxation and Benders…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Zhenfei Tan , Zheng Yan , Haiwang Zhong , Qing Xia

We develop the theory of Energy Conserving Descent (ECD) and introduce ECDSep, a gradient-based optimization algorithm able to tackle convex and non-convex optimization problems. The method is based on the novel ECD framework of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 G. Bruno De Luca , Alice Gatti , Eva Silverstein

The reverse process in score-based diffusion models is formally equivalent to overdamped Langevin dynamics in a time-dependent energy landscape. In our prior work we showed that a bilinearly-coupled analog substrate can physically realize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Aditi De

Equilibrium propagation has been proposed as a biologically plausible alternative to the backpropagation algorithm. The local nature of gradient computations, combined with the use of convergent RNNs to reach equilibrium states, make this…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Sankar Vinayak Elayedam , Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan

Equilibrium learning in adversarial games is an important topic widely examined in the fields of game theory and reinforcement learning (RL). Pursuit-evasion game (PEG), as an important class of real-world games from the fields of robotics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Runyu Lu , Peng Zhang , Ruochuan Shi , Yuanheng Zhu , Dongbin Zhao , Yang Liu , Dong Wang , Cesare Alippi

The theory of slow-fast gradient systems leads in a natural way to non-equilibrium steady states, because on the slow time scale the fast subsystem stays in steady states that are controlled by the interaction with the slow system. Using…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-10-06 Alexander Mielke

Artificial neural networks, one of the most successful approaches to supervised learning, were originally inspired by their biological counterparts. However, the most successful learning algorithm for artificial neural networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Matilde Tristany Farinha , Sérgio Pequito , Pedro A. Santos , Mário A. T. Figueiredo

This two-part paper develops a non-iterative coordinated optimal dispatch framework, i.e., free of iterative information exchange, via the innovation of the equivalent projection (EP) theory. The EP eliminates internal variables from…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Zhenfei Tan , Zheng Yan , Haiwang Zhong , Qing Xia

A closed set of coupled equations of motion for the description of time-dependent electron transport is derived. It provides the time evolution of energy-resolved quantities constructed from non-equilibrium Green functions. By means of an…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-12-10 Alexander Croy , Ulf Saalmann

In the context of signal detection in the presence of an unknown time-varying channel parameter, receivers based on the Expectation Propagation (EP) framework appear to be very promising. EP is a message-passing algorithm based on factor…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-09 Elisa Conti , Armando Vannucci , Amina Piemontese , Giulio Colavolpe